# Football Atlas — full corpus > The Laws of the Game and world football's major competitions, every claim cited to primary sources License: CC-BY-4.0. Every claim lists its sources; confidence is declared per claim. ## Advantage - id: advantage · type: glossary · evidence_tier: primary · confidence: 0.95 · last_verified: 2026-08-08 - canonical: https://futbolatlas.app/k/advantage · api: https://futbolatlas.app/api/k/advantage.json Advantage is the referee's decision to allow play to continue after an offence when stopping play would benefit the offending team. Claims: - Advantage is defined in the IFAB glossary as the referee allowing play to continue when an offence has occurred, or a restart has been incorrectly taken and the ball is in play, if this benefits the opposing (non-offending) team. [confidence 0.96; sources: Glossary — Football Terms (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] - Under Law 5 the referee penalises the original offence if the anticipated advantage does not ensue within a few seconds. [confidence 0.95; sources: Law 5 — The Referee (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] ## Africa Cup of Nations 2025 (champions - Senegal) - id: afcon-2025 · type: entity · evidence_tier: primary · confidence: 0.94 · last_verified: 2026-08-08 - canonical: https://futbolatlas.app/k/afcon-2025 · api: https://futbolatlas.app/api/k/afcon-2025.json The AFCON 2025 final in Rabat on 18 January 2026 ended Senegal 1-0 Morocco after extra time - Pape Gueye striking from the edge of the area three minutes into extra time, after Edouard Mendy had saved Brahim Diaz's VAR-awarded late penalty. It was Senegal's second title, denied on home soil to the hosts; Brahim Diaz won the Golden Boot. Claims: - Senegal beat hosts Morocco 1-0 after extra time in the AFCON 2025 final at the Prince Moulay Abdellah Stadium in Rabat on 18 January 2026, winning their second Africa Cup of Nations. [confidence 0.95; sources: Gueye extra time stunner hands Senegal AFCON 2025 title (CAFonline, 18 Jan 2026)] - Pape Gueye scored the winner with a left-footed strike from the edge of the area three minutes into extra time; late in normal time Edouard Mendy saved a Brahim Diaz penalty awarded after a VAR review. Brahim Diaz won the tournament's Golden Boot. [confidence 0.94; sources: Gueye extra time stunner hands Senegal AFCON 2025 title (CAFonline, 18 Jan 2026)] ## Ballon d'Or 2025 (Dembele and Bonmati) - id: ballon-dor-2025 · type: entity · evidence_tier: primary · confidence: 0.95 · last_verified: 2026-08-08 - canonical: https://futbolatlas.app/k/ballon-dor-2025 · api: https://futbolatlas.app/api/k/ballon-dor-2025.json The 2025 Ballon d'Or ceremony in Paris on 22 September 2025 crowned Ousmane Dembele - after PSG's first Champions League title, a domestic double and 37 goals - ahead of Lamine Yamal and Vitinha, while Aitana Bonmati won the women's award for the third year running. Yamal took the Kopa Trophy, Donnarumma the Yashin and Gyokeres the Gerd Muller. Claims: - Ousmane Dembele won the 2025 Men's Ballon d'Or on 22 September 2025, ahead of Lamine Yamal (second) and Vitinha (third), after a 2024/25 season with 37 goals and 15 assists in which he was Champions League Player of the Season and PSG won their first European Cup and a domestic double. [confidence 0.96; sources: Ousmane Dembele wins 2025 Men's Ballon d'Or (UEFA.com, 22 Sep 2025)] - Aitana Bonmati won the Women's Ballon d'Or for the third consecutive year; Lamine Yamal took the Men's Kopa Trophy, Vicky Lopez the women's, Gianluigi Donnarumma and Hannah Hampton the Yashin Trophies, Viktor Gyokeres (63 goals) and Ewa Pajor the Gerd Muller Trophies, and Luis Enrique and Sarina Wiegman the Johan Cruyff coaching awards. [confidence 0.95; sources: Ousmane Dembele wins 2025 Men's Ballon d'Or (UEFA.com, 22 Sep 2025)] - The men's top ten was completed by Mohamed Salah (4th), Raphinha (5th), Achraf Hakimi (6th), Kylian Mbappe (7th), Cole Palmer (8th), Gianluigi Donnarumma (9th) and Nuno Mendes (10th). [confidence 0.95; sources: Ousmane Dembele wins 2025 Men's Ballon d'Or (UEFA.com, 22 Sep 2025)] ## Bundesliga 2025/26 (champions - Bayern Munich) - id: bundesliga-2025-26 · type: entity · evidence_tier: primary · confidence: 0.93 · last_verified: 2026-08-08 - canonical: https://futbolatlas.app/k/bundesliga-2025-26 · api: https://futbolatlas.app/api/k/bundesliga-2025-26.json The 2025/26 German Bundesliga ended with Bayern Munich champions, a record-extending 35th German championship, retained with four games to spare after a 4-2 win over VfB Stuttgart on matchday 30, under coach Vincent Kompany, in a season with a record goal tally and a single defeat. Claims: - Bayern Munich won the 2025/26 Bundesliga, a record-extending 35th German championship and their 13th in the last 14 seasons, under coach Vincent Kompany. [confidence 0.94; sources: German champions 2026 (FC Bayern official honours page)] - The title was secured on matchday 30 with a 4-2 win over VfB Stuttgart, four games to spare, in a campaign in which Bayern broke the record for most goals scored in a Bundesliga season and lost only once. [confidence 0.93; sources: German champions 2026 (FC Bayern official honours page)] ## European Champion Clubs' Cup 1959/60 final (Real Madrid 7-3 Eintracht Frankfurt) - id: champions-league-1960-final · type: entity · evidence_tier: primary · confidence: 0.92 · last_verified: 2026-08-09 - canonical: https://futbolatlas.app/k/champions-league-1960-final · api: https://futbolatlas.app/api/k/champions-league-1960-final.json Real Madrid beat Eintracht Frankfurt 7-3 at Hampden Park on 18 May 1960 for a fifth consecutive European Cup, in the competition's fifth season. Ferenc Puskas scored four and Alfredo Di Stefano three - ten goals in a final that has never been matched - watched by a crowd UEFA puts at around 127,000. Claims: - Real Madrid beat Eintracht Frankfurt 7-3 in the European Champion Clubs' Cup final at Hampden Park in Glasgow on 18 May 1960, taking their fifth consecutive title in the competition's fifth season, under coach Miguel Munoz. Ferenc Puskas scored four and Alfredo Di Stefano three. [confidence 0.95; sources: 1959/60 - Dazzling Madrid crush Frankfurt (UEFA); Glasgow 1960 - Madrid and Frankfurt create a classic (UEFA, 8 Aug 2022)] - UEFA's report gives the goals as Richard Kress on 18 for Frankfurt; Di Stefano on 27, 30 and 73; Puskas on 46, 56 from the penalty spot, 60 and 71; and Erwin Stein on 72 and 75. [confidence 0.93; sources: 1959/60 - Dazzling Madrid crush Frankfurt (UEFA)] - That report is inconsistent with itself about the half-time score: its prose says Madrid "raced into a 3-1 interval lead", which its own goal times do not support, since a Puskas goal on 46 would leave the interval score at 2-1. Roxburgh's eyewitness account places that goal "right on half time", which fits the 3-1 interval lead rather than the listed minute. [confidence 0.9; sources: 1959/60 - Dazzling Madrid crush Frankfurt (UEFA); Glasgow 1960 - Madrid and Frankfurt create a classic (UEFA, 8 Aug 2022)] - Roxburgh's account of the four Puskas goals: he stole the ball just inside the left of the penalty area and rifled it left-footed into the top corner; converted a penalty; headed in after Gento had run from the halfway line to the dead-ball line and whipped the ball across with his left foot; then took the pace off a ball into the box, turned in one movement and smashed it into the top corner. [confidence 0.9; sources: Glasgow 1960 - Madrid and Frankfurt create a classic (UEFA, 8 Aug 2022)] - Neither UEFA page states a precise attendance. The match report calls it a capacity crowd of 127,000 and Roxburgh recalls "something like 127,000" officially present. [confidence 0.92; sources: 1959/60 - Dazzling Madrid crush Frankfurt (UEFA); Glasgow 1960 - Madrid and Frankfurt create a classic (UEFA, 8 Aug 2022)] - Madrid had beaten Jeunesse Esch and Nice before eliminating Barcelona 3-1 in both semi-final legs. That Barcelona side, coached by Helenio Herrera and fielding the Hungarians Zoltan Czibor, Sandor Kocsis and Ladislav Kubala, had beaten Milan 7-1 on aggregate and Wolverhampton Wanderers 4-0 and 5-2. Eintracht reached the final by beating Rangers 12-4 on aggregate. [confidence 0.92; sources: 1959/60 - Dazzling Madrid crush Frankfurt (UEFA); Glasgow 1960 - Madrid and Frankfurt create a classic (UEFA, 8 Aug 2022)] - Roxburgh watched the final as a 16-year-old on Queen's Park's books, with a teenage Alex Ferguson among the players present. Hampden had no floodlights then, so the 7:30 Wednesday evening kick-off finished in fading light, and the crowd stayed behind at the end to applaud. [confidence 0.9; sources: Glasgow 1960 - Madrid and Frankfurt create a classic (UEFA, 8 Aug 2022)] ## UEFA Champions League 1993/94 final (Milan 4-0 Barcelona) - id: champions-league-1994-final · type: entity · evidence_tier: primary · confidence: 0.94 · last_verified: 2026-08-09 - canonical: https://futbolatlas.app/k/champions-league-1994-final · api: https://futbolatlas.app/api/k/champions-league-1994-final.json Milan beat Johan Cruyff's Barcelona 4-0 in Athens on 18 May 1994 - Massaro twice, Savicevic's lob and Desailly - having arrived as underdogs with both first-choice centre-backs suspended, so a stand-in captain lifted the trophy. The four-goal margin was not exceeded in a European Cup final until 2025. Claims: - Milan beat Barcelona 4-0 in the 1993/94 UEFA Champions League final at the OACA Spiros Louis in Athens on 18 May 1994. Daniele Massaro scored on 22 and 45 minutes, Dejan Savicevic on 47 and Marcel Desailly on 58. [confidence 0.95; sources: 1993/94 - Massaro leads Milan rout (UEFA); 1993/94 AC Milan 4-0 FC Barcelona - Report (UEFA)] - Milan went into the final as underdogs for the first time in living memory, their back line hit by suspensions: Franco Baresi and Alessandro Costacurta were both unavailable after cards shown in the semi-final win over Monaco. Mauro Tassotti captained the side in their place and lifted the trophy. [confidence 0.95; sources: 1993/94 AC Milan 4-0 FC Barcelona - Report (UEFA); 1993/94 - Massaro leads Milan rout (UEFA)] - Fabio Capello's answer was to attack rather than contain. Massaro prodded in at the far post after Savicevic had beaten Josep Guardiola on the right flank, then doubled the lead on the cusp of half-time. Savicevic made it three when Sergi Barjuan dallied on a bouncing ball, lobbing Andoni Zubizarreta from distance, and Desailly powered into the box and placed his shot into the top corner just before the hour. Christian Panucci had earlier had a goal disallowed, and Savicevic also hit the upright. [confidence 0.94; sources: 1993/94 AC Milan 4-0 FC Barcelona - Report (UEFA)] - The defeat was only the second of Barcelona's European campaign that season, after a surprise 3-1 loss at Dynamo Kyiv in the second round - and this time there was no second leg to recover in. [confidence 0.94; sources: 1993/94 - Massaro leads Milan rout (UEFA)] - The four-goal margin was not exceeded in a European Cup final until Paris Saint-Germain beat Inter 5-0 in 2025, which UEFA describes as the biggest-ever margin of victory in a European Cup final. [confidence 0.93; sources: Paris win Champions League - Doue double secures record final win (UEFA.com, 31 May 2025)] - It was the first time Milan had won the Scudetto and the European Cup in the same season, a year after losing the final to Marseille. Capello called the performance perfection, and Massaro said he was taking home two things: his two goals and Hristo Stoichkov's shirt. [confidence 0.94; sources: 1993/94 AC Milan 4-0 FC Barcelona - Report (UEFA)] - The 1993/94 edition changed shape: the first two rounds still fed a group stage, but where the group winners had advanced straight to the final the previous year, knockout semi-finals were introduced. Barcelona beat Porto 3-0 at the Camp Nou and Milan beat Monaco 3-0 at San Siro to reach Athens. [confidence 0.94; sources: 1993/94 - Massaro leads Milan rout (UEFA)] ## UEFA Champions League 1998/99 final (Man Utd 2-1 Bayern, the treble) - id: champions-league-1999-final · type: entity · evidence_tier: primary · confidence: 0.95 · last_verified: 2026-08-09 - canonical: https://futbolatlas.app/k/champions-league-1999-final · api: https://futbolatlas.app/api/k/champions-league-1999-final.json The 1998/99 final at the Camp Nou on 26 May 1999 ended Manchester United 2-1 Bayern Munchen after Bayern had led for 85 minutes: two substitutes, Teddy Sheringham in the 91st minute and Ole Gunnar Solskjaer two minutes later, turned the final around to give United their first European Cup since 1968 and complete a treble inside ten days. Claims: - Manchester United beat Bayern Munchen 2-1 in the 1998/99 Champions League final at the Camp Nou in Barcelona on 26 May 1999, in front of a crowd of 90,245; Mario Basler's early free-kick put Bayern ahead and they led for 85 minutes. [confidence 0.96; sources: 1998/99 Manchester United FC 2-1 FC Bayern Munchen - Report (UEFA); The 1999 Champions League final 20 years on - most dramatic ever? (UEFA)] - Teddy Sheringham levelled in the 91st minute, diverting in Ryan Giggs' mis-hit shot from a cleared corner, and two minutes later nodded on David Beckham's corner for Ole Gunnar Solskjaer to prod in the winner. Both scorers were substitutes introduced by Alex Ferguson, Solskjaer with nine minutes remaining. [confidence 0.96; sources: 1998/99 Manchester United FC 2-1 FC Bayern Munchen - Report (UEFA); The 1999 Champions League final 20 years on - most dramatic ever? (UEFA)] - United played the final without the suspended midfield pair Roy Keane and Paul Scholes and could not control midfield; late on Carsten Jancker's acrobatic overhead kick hit the United crossbar, the turning point before the comeback. [confidence 0.95; sources: 1998/99 Manchester United FC 2-1 FC Bayern Munchen - Report (UEFA); The 1999 Champions League final 20 years on - most dramatic ever? (UEFA)] - It was Manchester United's first European Cup since 1968, and completed a run of three trophies won in a ten-day period. On the way they had come from 2-0 down at Juventus in the semi-final, trailing 3-1 on aggregate, to win 3-2. [confidence 0.95; sources: 1998/99 Manchester United FC 2-1 FC Bayern Munchen - Report (UEFA)] - UEFA's own retrospective places the 1999 final among the most dramatic in the competition's history, in a shortlist with Milan 4-0 Barcelona (1994), the Istanbul final of 2005, Bayern 1-1 Chelsea (2012) and Real Madrid 4-1 Atletico (2014). [confidence 0.93; sources: The 1999 Champions League final 20 years on - most dramatic ever? (UEFA)] ## UEFA Champions League 2004/05 final (the Miracle of Istanbul) - id: champions-league-2005-final · type: entity · evidence_tier: primary · confidence: 0.94 · last_verified: 2026-08-08 - canonical: https://futbolatlas.app/k/champions-league-2005-final · api: https://futbolatlas.app/api/k/champions-league-2005-final.json The 2005 Champions League final at Istanbul's Ataturk Olympic Stadium on 25 May 2005 ended Milan 3-3 Liverpool, with Liverpool winning the shoot-out 3-2 - Jerzy Dudek saving the decisive penalty from Andriy Shevchenko - in what UEFA itself calls one of the greatest finals of all time, the Miracle of Istanbul. Claims: - Liverpool beat AC Milan 3-2 on penalties after a 3-3 draw in the 2004/05 Champions League final at the Ataturk Olympic Stadium in Istanbul on 25 May 2005. [confidence 0.95; sources: 2005 Liverpool vs Milan - the story of the Miracle of Istanbul (UEFA.com)] - Jerzy Dudek saved the decisive penalty from Andriy Shevchenko, and UEFA describes the match as one of the greatest Champions League finals of all time, known as the Miracle of Istanbul. [confidence 0.95; sources: 2005 Liverpool vs Milan - the story of the Miracle of Istanbul (UEFA.com)] ## UEFA Champions League 2011/12 final (Bayern 1-1 Chelsea, 4-3 pens) - id: champions-league-2012-final · type: entity · evidence_tier: primary · confidence: 0.94 · last_verified: 2026-08-09 - canonical: https://futbolatlas.app/k/champions-league-2012-final · api: https://futbolatlas.app/api/k/champions-league-2012-final.json Chelsea won their first Champions League on 19 May 2012 in Bayern's own stadium in Munich, Didier Drogba equalising in the 88th minute five minutes after Thomas Muller had headed Bayern ahead, then converting the last penalty of a 4-3 shoot-out. Bayern had been trying to become the first club to win the competition at home. Claims: - Chelsea beat Bayern Munich 4-3 on penalties after a 1-1 draw over 120 minutes in the 2012 Champions League final, played on 19 May 2012 at Bayern's own stadium in Munich. It was Chelsea's first title in the competition, and it ended Bayern's attempt to become the first team to win it in their own stadium. [confidence 0.96; sources: Shoot-out win ends Chelsea's long wait for glory (UEFA.com, 19 May 2012, by Andrew Haslam)] - Thomas Muller headed Bayern ahead with seven minutes remaining, creeping in at the back post to meet Toni Kroos's left-wing cross, the ball going in off the underside of the crossbar. Didier Drogba levelled in the 88th minute with an emphatic near-post header from Juan Mata's right-wing corner. [confidence 0.95; sources: Shoot-out win ends Chelsea's long wait for glory (UEFA.com, 19 May 2012, by Andrew Haslam)] - Three minutes into extra time Drogba clipped Franck Ribery's right foot, and Petr Cech dived to his left to block Arjen Robben's driven penalty. [confidence 0.95; sources: Shoot-out win ends Chelsea's long wait for glory (UEFA.com, 19 May 2012, by Andrew Haslam)] - The shoot-out in order: Manuel Neuer saved Mata's opening kick; then Philipp Lahm, Mario Gomez, David Luiz, Neuer himself and Frank Lampard all converted; Cech saved from Ivica Olic; Ashley Cole restored parity; Cech touched Bastian Schweinsteiger's effort on to a post; and Drogba slotted in the final kick. [confidence 0.95; sources: Shoot-out win ends Chelsea's long wait for glory (UEFA.com, 19 May 2012, by Andrew Haslam)] - Both clubs arrived with shoot-out history: Bayern's previous European Cup had been won in a shoot-out in 2001, Chelsea had lost one four years earlier, and Bayern had beaten Real Madrid on penalties in that season's semi-finals. [confidence 0.94; sources: Shoot-out win ends Chelsea's long wait for glory (UEFA.com, 19 May 2012, by Andrew Haslam)] - Bayern dominated the match, taking 11 shots to Chelsea's two in the first half though nine of them missed the target, having won all seven of their home European matches that season and scored 21 goals in them. Roberto Di Matteo gave the 22-year-old Ryan Bertrand a Champions League debut in an unfamiliar role on the left of midfield to contain Robben, and Bayern's supporters unveiled a banner reading "Unsere Stadt, Unser Stadion, Unser Pokal". [confidence 0.93; sources: Shoot-out win ends Chelsea's long wait for glory (UEFA.com, 19 May 2012, by Andrew Haslam)] ## UEFA Champions League 2013/14 final (Real Madrid 4-1 Atletico, La Decima) - id: champions-league-2014-final · type: entity · evidence_tier: primary · confidence: 0.94 · last_verified: 2026-08-09 - canonical: https://futbolatlas.app/k/champions-league-2014-final · api: https://futbolatlas.app/api/k/champions-league-2014-final.json Real Madrid beat Atletico 4-1 after extra time in Lisbon on 24 May 2014 for a tenth European title. Diego Godin's header had led from the 36th minute until Sergio Ramos equalised from a corner deep into stoppage time, with two of the five added minutes left, and Madrid scored three more in extra time. Claims: - Real Madrid beat Atletico Madrid 4-1 after extra time in the 2014 Champions League final in Lisbon on 24 May 2014, completing their long pursuit of a tenth European title, 'La Decima'. [confidence 0.96; sources: Madrid finally fulfil Decima dream (UEFA.com, 24 May 2014, by Andrew Haslam)] - Diego Godin put Atletico ahead in the 36th minute, beating Iker Casillas to a ball returned into the area by Juanfran after a corner had been partially cleared, his looping header bouncing over the line despite the goalkeeper clawing at it. Godin had scored the goal that clinched Atletico's Liga title the previous weekend, the first Spanish championship won by a club other than Real Madrid or Barcelona since 2004. [confidence 0.94; sources: Madrid finally fulfil Decima dream (UEFA.com, 24 May 2014, by Andrew Haslam)] - Sergio Ramos equalised with a header from a corner deep into stoppage time, with two of the five added minutes remaining. He had also scored twice in the semi-final second leg. UEFA's report records the goal by its position in added time rather than by a minute number. [confidence 0.94; sources: Madrid finally fulfil Decima dream (UEFA.com, 24 May 2014, by Andrew Haslam)] - In extra time Gareth Bale headed in on 110 minutes, first to the rebound after Thibaut Courtois had saved from Angel Di Maria; Marcelo drove a low shot under Courtois; and Cristiano Ronaldo converted a penalty after Gabi brought him down. It was Ronaldo's 17th goal of that season's competition and made him the fourth player to score in two Champions League finals. Diego Simeone was sent from the touchline after the fourth goal. [confidence 0.94; sources: Madrid finally fulfil Decima dream (UEFA.com, 24 May 2014, by Andrew Haslam)] - Simeone had started Diego Costa despite a hamstring injury; the striker limped off before ten minutes had elapsed and was replaced by Adrian Lopez. [confidence 0.94; sources: Madrid finally fulfil Decima dream (UEFA.com, 24 May 2014, by Andrew Haslam)] - UEFA's report notes the precedent: Atletico's only previous European Cup final, in 1974, had also ended with a last-minute equaliser conceded, after which they lost the replay to Bayern Munich. [confidence 0.93; sources: Madrid finally fulfil Decima dream (UEFA.com, 24 May 2014, by Andrew Haslam)] - Carlo Ancelotti lifted the trophy for a third time as a coach, emulating Bob Paisley. [confidence 0.93; sources: Madrid finally fulfil Decima dream (UEFA.com, 24 May 2014, by Andrew Haslam)] ## UEFA Champions League 2023/24 final (Dortmund 0-2 Real Madrid) - id: champions-league-2024-final · type: entity · evidence_tier: primary · confidence: 0.95 · last_verified: 2026-08-08 - canonical: https://futbolatlas.app/k/champions-league-2024-final · api: https://futbolatlas.app/api/k/champions-league-2024-final.json The 2023/24 Champions League final at Wembley ended Borussia Dortmund 0-2 Real Madrid - Carvajal heading in from a Kroos corner (74th) and Vinicius Junior sealing it (83rd) - for Madrid's record-extending 15th European crown, Ancelotti's fifth as coach, and a sixth winners' final for Modric and Carvajal, matching Paco Gento. Claims: - Real Madrid beat Borussia Dortmund 2-0 in the 2023/24 Champions League final at Wembley, their 15th European Cup, with Dani Carvajal heading in from a Toni Kroos corner in the 74th minute and Vinicius Junior scoring in the 83rd, after Dortmund had made most of the running. [confidence 0.96; sources: Real Madrid win Champions League - Carvajal and Vinicius see off Dortmund (UEFA.com)] - Luka Modric and Dani Carvajal matched Paco Gento's record of six winning European Cup finals as players, and Carlo Ancelotti extended his coaching record to five Champions League wins. [confidence 0.95; sources: Real Madrid win Champions League - Carvajal and Vinicius see off Dortmund (UEFA.com)] ## UEFA Champions League 2024/25 final (Paris 5-0 Inter) - id: champions-league-2025-final · type: entity · evidence_tier: primary · confidence: 0.95 · last_verified: 2026-08-08 - canonical: https://futbolatlas.app/k/champions-league-2025-final · api: https://futbolatlas.app/api/k/champions-league-2025-final.json The 2024/25 Champions League final in Munich on 31 May 2025 ended Paris 5-0 Inter - the biggest winning margin in any European Cup final. Hakimi, a Desire Doue double, Kvaratskhelia and teenager Mayulu scored as Paris won the competition for the first time. Claims: - Paris Saint-Germain beat Inter 5-0 in the 2024/25 Champions League final at the Munich Football Arena on Saturday 31 May 2025, winning the competition for the first time; no European Cup final had ever been won by more than four goals. [confidence 0.96; sources: Paris win Champions League - Doue double secures record final win (UEFA.com, 31 May 2025)] - Achraf Hakimi opened (12th), Desire Doue scored twice (20th, 63rd), and Khvicha Kvaratskhelia (73rd) and Senny Mayulu (87th) completed the rout; Doue was the first player to score twice in a final since Gareth Bale in 2018, and Doue and Mayulu were only the third and fourth teenagers to score in a Champions League-era final, after Patrick Kluivert (1995) and Carlos Alberto (2004). [confidence 0.95; sources: Paris win Champions League - Doue double secures record final win (UEFA.com, 31 May 2025)] ## UEFA Champions League 2025/26 final (Paris 1-1 Arsenal, 4-3 pens) - id: champions-league-2026-final · type: entity · evidence_tier: primary · confidence: 0.95 · last_verified: 2026-08-08 - canonical: https://futbolatlas.app/k/champions-league-2026-final · api: https://futbolatlas.app/api/k/champions-league-2026-final.json The 2025/26 Champions League final, played 30 May 2026 at the Puskas Arena in Budapest: Paris Saint-Germain drew 1-1 with Arsenal after extra time and won the shoot-out 4-3 to retain the trophy, the first side to do so since Real Madrid in 2018. Claims: - Paris Saint-Germain beat Arsenal 4-3 on penalties after a 1-1 draw in the 2025/26 UEFA Champions League final at the Puskas Arena in Budapest on Saturday 30 May 2026, scoring four of their five kicks in the shoot-out. [confidence 0.96; sources: Paris retain Champions League - holders edge Arsenal on penalties (UEFA.com, 30 May 2026)] - Kai Havertz put Arsenal ahead in the 6th minute; Ousmane Dembele equalised from the penalty spot in the 65th after Cristhian Mosquera fouled Khvicha Kvaratskhelia. [confidence 0.95; sources: Paris retain Champions League - holders edge Arsenal on penalties (UEFA.com, 30 May 2026)] - In the shoot-out Eberechi Eze swept wide, Nuno Mendes had his kick saved by David Raya, and Gabriel fired over with the decisive final attempt. [confidence 0.95; sources: Paris retain Champions League - holders edge Arsenal on penalties (UEFA.com, 30 May 2026)] - By retaining the title Paris became the first side to defend the Champions League since Real Madrid in 2018; it was the first final decided by a shoot-out since 2016, and Vitinha was named Player of the Match. [confidence 0.95; sources: Paris retain Champions League - holders edge Arsenal on penalties (UEFA.com, 30 May 2026)] - UEFA's report notes Arsenal arrived at the final having won their first English Premier League title for 22 years, under Mikel Arteta; Paris were coached by Luis Enrique. [confidence 0.94; sources: Paris retain Champions League - holders edge Arsenal on penalties (UEFA.com, 30 May 2026)] ## European Cup / Champions League titles by club (through 2026) - id: champions-league-titles-by-club · type: entity · evidence_tier: primary · confidence: 0.96 · last_verified: 2026-08-09 - canonical: https://futbolatlas.app/k/champions-league-titles-by-club · api: https://futbolatlas.app/api/k/champions-league-titles-by-club.json UEFA's all-time honours board after the 2026 final: 24 clubs from ten nations have won the competition, Real Madrid leading on 15 from 18 finals, ahead of AC Milan (7), Liverpool and Bayern Munchen (6) and Barcelona (5) - with the separate Champions League-era table, the finals-played denominators and the by-nation split UEFA publishes alongside them. Claims: - The competition began as the European Cup in 1955/56 and was relaunched as the UEFA Champions League in 1992/93; to date 24 different clubs, representing ten nations, have been crowned European champions. [confidence 0.97; sources: Which teams have won the European Cup or Champions League? (UEFA, updated 30 May 2026)] - The all-time table, with finals played in brackets, is: Real Madrid 15 (18), AC Milan 7 (11), Liverpool 6 (10), Bayern Munchen 6 (11), Barcelona 5 (8), Ajax 4 (6), Inter 3 (7), Manchester United 3 (5), Chelsea 2 (3), Juventus 2 (9), Benfica 2 (7), Nottingham Forest 2 (2), Paris Saint-Germain 2 (3), Porto 2 (2), then one title each for Borussia Dortmund (3), Celtic (2), Hamburg (2), Marseille (2), Steaua Bucuresti (2), Aston Villa (1), Crvena Zvezda (1), Feyenoord (1), PSV Eindhoven (1) and Manchester City (2). [confidence 0.96; sources: Which teams have won the European Cup or Champions League? (UEFA, updated 30 May 2026); Most titles - History (UEFA Champions League)] - Counting only the Champions League era from 1992/93, the table is Real Madrid 9 from 9 finals - they have won every final they have reached since the rebrand - Barcelona 4 (5), AC Milan 3 (6), Bayern Munchen 3 (6), Chelsea 2 (3), Liverpool 2 (5), Manchester United 2 (4), Paris Saint-Germain 2 (3), and one each for Juventus (6), Ajax (2), Borussia Dortmund (3), Inter (3), Marseille (1), Porto (1) and Manchester City (2). [confidence 0.96; sources: Which teams have won the European Cup or Champions League? (UEFA, updated 30 May 2026)] - Real Madrid won the first five editions of the European Cup between 1956 and 1960, still the record for most consecutive victories, and are the most recent side to win three in a row, in the finals of 2016, 2017 and 2018. [confidence 0.96; sources: Which teams have won the European Cup or Champions League? (UEFA, updated 30 May 2026)] - Paris Saint-Germain are the newest members of the winners' list, first champions in 2025 and champions again 12 months later, making them only the second club to successfully defend the title in the Champions League era. [confidence 0.96; sources: Which teams have won the European Cup or Champions League? (UEFA, updated 30 May 2026)] - By nation the all-time totals are Spain 20 (31 finals), England 15 (27), Italy 12 (30), Germany 8 (19), Netherlands 6 (8), Portugal 4 (9), France 3 (9), Romania 1 (2), Scotland 1 (2) and Yugoslavia/Serbia 1 (2); UEFA counts two clubs from the same nation in one final as two appearances. England have the widest spread, with six different clubs having lifted the trophy. [confidence 0.95; sources: Which teams have won the European Cup or Champions League? (UEFA, updated 30 May 2026)] - Ten clubs have won both the pre-1992 European Cup and the post-1992 Champions League: Real Madrid, Barcelona, AC Milan, Bayern Munchen, Liverpool, Manchester United, Juventus, Ajax, Inter and Porto. [confidence 0.95; sources: Which teams have won the European Cup or Champions League? (UEFA, updated 30 May 2026)] ## FIFA Club World Cup 2025 (champions - Chelsea) - id: club-world-cup-2025 · type: entity · evidence_tier: primary · confidence: 0.94 · last_verified: 2026-08-08 - canonical: https://futbolatlas.app/k/club-world-cup-2025 · api: https://futbolatlas.app/api/k/club-world-cup-2025.json The first 32-team FIFA Club World Cup, hosted in the USA in June-July 2025, was won by Chelsea, who beat reigning European champions Paris Saint-Germain 3-0 in the final at MetLife Stadium on 13 July 2025. Cole Palmer scored twice, assisted the third and won the Golden Ball. Claims: - Chelsea beat Paris Saint-Germain 3-0 in the final of the FIFA Club World Cup 2025 at MetLife Stadium on Sunday 13 July 2025, becoming the first winners of the expanded 32-team edition. [confidence 0.95; sources: Chelsea 3-0 PSG - highlights, report, quotes and stats (FIFA.com, Club World Cup USA 2025)] - Cole Palmer scored two goals and provided an assist in the final and won the adidas Golden Ball as the tournament's best player. [confidence 0.95; sources: Chelsea 3-0 PSG - highlights, report, quotes and stats (FIFA.com, Club World Cup USA 2025)] - Chelsea's only defeat of the tournament was against CR Flamengo, per FIFA's tournament review of their campaign. [confidence 0.92; sources: Chelsea 3-0 PSG - highlights, report, quotes and stats (FIFA.com, Club World Cup USA 2025)] ## CONMEBOL Copa America 2015 (champions - Chile) - id: copa-america-2015 · type: entity · evidence_tier: primary · confidence: 0.93 · last_verified: 2026-08-09 - canonical: https://futbolatlas.app/k/copa-america-2015 · api: https://futbolatlas.app/api/k/copa-america-2015.json Chile won the Copa America for the first time at the 36th attempt, beating Argentina 4-1 on penalties in Santiago on 4 July 2015 after a goalless 120 minutes. Claudio Bravo saved from Ever Banega and Gonzalo Higuain put his kick over the bar. Claims: - Chile beat Argentina 4-1 on penalties, after a 0-0 draw over 120 minutes, in the 2015 Copa America final in Santiago on Saturday 4 July 2015. It was Chile's first Copa America title, won at their 36th participation in the tournament. [confidence 0.94; sources: Chile gana la Copa America 2015 al vencer 4-1 por penales a Argentina (CONMEBOL, 4 Jul 2015)] - Matias Fernandez, Arturo Vidal, Charles Aranguiz and Alexis Sanchez converted from the spot for Chile. Lionel Messi scored Argentina's only successful kick; Gonzalo Higuain lifted his over the bar and Ever Banega's was saved by Claudio Bravo. [confidence 0.93; sources: Chile gana la Copa America 2015 al vencer 4-1 por penales a Argentina (CONMEBOL, 4 Jul 2015)] - CONMEBOL's report frames the tournament as having rewarded what is considered the best generation in Chilean football, the hosts having waited through 35 previous participations without winning it. [confidence 0.9; sources: Chile gana la Copa America 2015 al vencer 4-1 por penales a Argentina (CONMEBOL, 4 Jul 2015)] ## CONMEBOL Copa America Centenario 2016 (champions - Chile) - id: copa-america-2016 · type: entity · evidence_tier: primary · confidence: 0.92 · last_verified: 2026-08-09 - canonical: https://futbolatlas.app/k/copa-america-2016 · api: https://futbolatlas.app/api/k/copa-america-2016.json Chile retained the title at the Copa America Centenario, beating Argentina on penalties for the second year running - 4-2 after another goalless 120 minutes - at MetLife Stadium on 26 June 2016 before 82,026 spectators, in a final reduced to ten against ten inside the first 45 minutes. Claims: - Chile beat Argentina 4-2 on penalties in the Copa America Centenario final at MetLife Stadium in New Jersey on Sunday 26 June 2016, the match having finished 0-0 through both 90 minutes and 30 minutes of extra time. The attendance was 82,026. [confidence 0.93; sources: Chile, campeon de la Copa America Centenario (CONMEBOL, 27 Jun 2016)] - Both sides finished with ten men: Marcelo Diaz of Chile was sent off in the 28th minute and Marcos Rojo of Argentina in the 42nd, so the final was played eleven against ten briefly and then ten against ten for the rest of normal time and all of extra time. [confidence 0.93; sources: Chile, campeon de la Copa America Centenario (CONMEBOL, 27 Jun 2016)] - In the shoot-out Arturo Vidal's opening kick was saved and Lionel Messi shot wide. Nicolas Castillo, Charles Aranguiz and Jean Beausejour then scored for Chile and Javier Mascherano and Sergio Aguero for Argentina, with Claudio Bravo saving from Lucas Biglia and Francisco "El Gato" Silva converting the decisive kick. [confidence 0.92; sources: Chile, campeon de la Copa America Centenario (CONMEBOL, 27 Jun 2016)] - CONMEBOL's itemised list of that shoot-out is incomplete: it prints seven kicks and omits two that the same page describes in its prose and in its own summary of scorers - Biglia's saved attempt and Silva's decisive conversion. The scorer summary on the page (Aguero and Mascherano for Argentina; Castillo, Aranguiz, Beausejour and Silva for Chile) is what reconciles to the 4-2 result. [confidence 0.9; sources: Chile, campeon de la Copa America Centenario (CONMEBOL, 27 Jun 2016)] - The final was refereed by a Brazilian trio, Heber Lopes with assistants Kleber Gil and Bruno Boschilia, in warm conditions of 26 degrees. Gerardo Martino coached Argentina and Juan Antonio Pizzi coached Chile. [confidence 0.92; sources: Chile, campeon de la Copa America Centenario (CONMEBOL, 27 Jun 2016)] - The Centenario was the second of Chile's only two Copa America titles, won in consecutive years against the same opponent, both finals goalless after extra time and both decided on penalties. [confidence 0.92; sources: Chile, campeon de la Copa America Centenario (CONMEBOL, 27 Jun 2016)] ## CONMEBOL Copa America 2019 (champions - Brazil) - id: copa-america-2019 · type: entity · evidence_tier: primary · confidence: 0.93 · last_verified: 2026-08-09 - canonical: https://futbolatlas.app/k/copa-america-2019 · api: https://futbolatlas.app/api/k/copa-america-2019.json Brazil won their ninth Copa America on home soil, beating Peru 3-1 at the Maracana on 7 July 2019 - their first knockout-final win at that ground, since the 1989 title there came under a four-team group format. They finished undefeated having conceded a single goal, the fewest by a champion since 2001. Claims: - Brazil beat Peru 3-1 in the 2019 Copa America final at the Maracana on 7 July 2019 for their ninth continental title: Everton scored on 15 minutes, Gabriel Jesus in first-half stoppage time on 45+3 and Richarlison on 90, with Paolo Guerrero replying for Peru on 44. [confidence 0.94; sources: Brazil wins their ninth title in 2019 (copaamerica.com, 30 May 2024)] - It was Brazil's first knockout-stage final victory in the Copa America at the Maracana. They had won the 1989 title in the same stadium, but that edition was decided by a four-team final group rather than a final match. [confidence 0.93; sources: Brazil wins their ninth title in 2019 (copaamerica.com, 30 May 2024)] - Brazil finished the tournament undefeated and conceded only one goal, making them the champion with the fewest goals conceded since Colombia won in 2001 without conceding at all. [confidence 0.93; sources: Brazil wins their ninth title in 2019 (copaamerica.com, 30 May 2024)] - Their route: in Group A they beat Bolivia 3-0 (Coutinho on 50 and 53, Everton on 84), drew 0-0 with Venezuela and beat Peru 5-0 (Casemiro 12, Firmino 19, Everton 32, Dani Alves 53, Willian 90); in the quarter-finals they drew 0-0 with Paraguay and won 4-3 on penalties; and in the semi-finals they beat Argentina 2-0 (Gabriel Jesus 19, Firmino 71). They therefore beat Peru twice. [confidence 0.93; sources: Brazil wins their ninth title in 2019 (copaamerica.com, 30 May 2024)] - That quarter-final was Brazil's fifth penalty shoot-out win in Copa America history, a record for the tournament. Brazil also became the third country to reach 100 wins in the competition, the hundredth coming in their opening 3-0 against Bolivia. [confidence 0.92; sources: Brazil wins their ninth title in 2019 (copaamerica.com, 30 May 2024)] - Twelve teams took part: the ten CONMEBOL member associations plus Qatar and Japan as invited teams. Peru were in the final for the second time, having won the knockout final of 1975 against Colombia. [confidence 0.93; sources: Brazil wins their ninth title in 2019 (copaamerica.com, 30 May 2024)] - Everton and Paolo Guerrero shared the scoring lead on three goals. It was the third edition in which Guerrero finished as top scorer, after 2011 and 2015, which CONMEBOL records as an achievement no other player has reached in the tournament's history. [confidence 0.92; sources: Brazil wins their ninth title in 2019 (copaamerica.com, 30 May 2024)] - This object rests on a single CONMEBOL source because CONMEBOL's own dedicated match report for the 2019 final renders as a headline and date with no article body, as does its "last five finals" round-up - both checked on 9 August 2026. The surviving record of the final on CONMEBOL's site is the later retrospective cited here. [confidence 0.9; sources: Brazil wins their ninth title in 2019 (copaamerica.com, 30 May 2024)] ## CONMEBOL Copa America 2021 (champions - Argentina) - id: copa-america-2021 · type: entity · evidence_tier: primary · confidence: 0.95 · last_verified: 2026-08-08 - canonical: https://futbolatlas.app/k/copa-america-2021 · api: https://futbolatlas.app/api/k/copa-america-2021.json The 2021 Copa America final at the Maracana on 10 July 2021 ended Argentina 1-0 Brazil - Angel Di Maria chipping Ederson in the 22nd minute from Rodrigo De Paul's long pass - ending Argentina's 28-year title drought with their 15th Copa America. Messi was named best player of the tournament. Claims: - Argentina beat Brazil 1-0 in the Copa America 2021 final at the Maracana on 10 July 2021, winning their 15th title and their first trophy in 28 years, as visitors in Brazil. [confidence 0.96; sources: Argentina beat Brazil at the Maracana to win the Copa America (copaamerica.com, 2021)] - Angel Di Maria scored the only goal in the 22nd minute, controlling Rodrigo De Paul's pass from his own half and chipping goalkeeper Ederson; Lionel Messi was named best player of the tournament, finishing joint top scorer with Luis Diaz on four goals. [confidence 0.95; sources: Argentina beat Brazil at the Maracana to win the Copa America (copaamerica.com, 2021)] ## CONMEBOL Copa America 2024 (champions - Argentina) - id: copa-america-2024 · type: entity · evidence_tier: primary · confidence: 0.95 · last_verified: 2026-08-08 - canonical: https://futbolatlas.app/k/copa-america-2024 · api: https://futbolatlas.app/api/k/copa-america-2024.json The 2024 Copa America, hosted in the United States, ended with Argentina beating Colombia 1-0 after extra time in the final, Lautaro Martinez scoring in the 112th minute. It was Argentina's record 16th title, overtaking Uruguay's 15, and back-to-back triumphs after 2021. Claims: - Argentina beat Colombia 1-0 after extra time in the Copa America 2024 final in the United States, with Lautaro Martinez scoring in the 112th minute after a move involving Leandro Paredes and Giovani Lo Celso. [confidence 0.95; sources: Argentina defeats Colombia to become champion of CONMEBOL Copa America 2024 (copaamerica.com)] - The win was Argentina's 16th Copa America title, making them the competition's most successful team ahead of Uruguay's 15, and their second consecutive title. [confidence 0.95; sources: Argentina defeats Colombia to become champion of CONMEBOL Copa America 2024 (copaamerica.com)] - Lautaro Martinez finished as the tournament's top scorer with five goals. [confidence 0.95; sources: Argentina defeats Colombia to become champion of CONMEBOL Copa America 2024 (copaamerica.com)] ## Copa America titles by country (through 2024) - id: copa-america-titles-by-country · type: entity · evidence_tier: primary · confidence: 0.94 · last_verified: 2026-08-09 - canonical: https://futbolatlas.app/k/copa-america-titles-by-country · api: https://futbolatlas.app/api/k/copa-america-titles-by-country.json Argentina lead the all-time Copa America honours list with 16 titles after 2024, ahead of Uruguay on 15 and Brazil on 9 - a change from the 15-15 tie that held from 2021 to 2024 and that trained answers still report. The 48 titles reconcile exactly with the 48 editions played since 1916, and titles won are not the same count as finals won. Claims: - After the 2024 edition the all-time Copa America honours list is Argentina 16, Uruguay 15, Brazil 9, Paraguay 2, Peru 2, Chile 2, Colombia 1 and Bolivia 1. Those 48 titles account for all 48 editions played since the tournament began in 1916. [confidence 0.95; sources: Every CONMEBOL Copa America Champion in History (copaamerica.com, 14 Jul 2024)] - The title years are: Argentina 1921, 1925, 1927, 1929, 1937, 1941, 1945, 1946, 1947, 1955, 1957, 1959, 1991, 1993, 2021 and 2024; Uruguay 1916, 1917, 1920, 1923, 1924, 1926, 1935, 1942, 1956, 1959, 1967, 1983, 1987, 1995 and 2011; Brazil 1919, 1922, 1949, 1989, 1997, 1999, 2004, 2007 and 2019; Paraguay 1953 and 1979; Peru 1939 and 1975; Chile 2015 and 2016; Colombia 2001; Bolivia 1963. [confidence 0.94; sources: Every CONMEBOL Copa America Champion in History (copaamerica.com, 14 Jul 2024)] - The year 1959 appears twice in CONMEBOL's champions list, won by Argentina and by Uruguay - the only year in which two nations are recorded as champions, because two editions were staged that year. CONMEBOL's page lists both without explaining it, which is why simple year-count checks of this table appear to be off by one. [confidence 0.92; sources: Every CONMEBOL Copa America Champion in History (copaamerica.com, 14 Jul 2024)] - Argentina took sole possession of the lead in 2024, beating Colombia 1-0 at the Hard Rock Stadium in Miami Gardens on 14 July 2024, Lautaro Martinez scoring in extra time for his fifth goal of a tournament he finished as leading scorer. They had drawn level with Uruguay on 15 in 2021. [confidence 0.95; sources: Every CONMEBOL Copa America Champion in History (copaamerica.com, 14 Jul 2024)] - Titles won and finals won are different counts, because most early editions had no final at all. CONMEBOL dates the finals format to 1975: two-legged finals from 1975 to 1983, with a playoff if each side won a leg; a return to round-robin for 1989 and 1991; and single-match finals otherwise. [confidence 0.94; sources: Every Final in the History of CONMEBOL Copa America (copaamerica.com, 15 Jul 2024)] - CONMEBOL's two pages sit awkwardly on that second count, but re-checking both on 9 August 2026 shows it is not a plain contradiction. The champions page introduces its tally with "considering the title match in a decisive single game" and gives Brazil five - 1997, 1999, 2004, 2007 and 2019 - then Argentina three, Chile and Uruguay two each, and Colombia one. Uruguay also won a single-game final in 1987, which the finals page lists, so under the criterion as worded their figure should be three. Every number in that tally is nevertheless reproduced exactly by counting single-game finals from 1993 onward - the year the same paragraph marks as the start of "the format we know today", after a hiatus of two editions from 1987 - so the list is self-consistent under a cut-off it applies but never states. The imprecision is in the wording of the criterion, not in the arithmetic. [confidence 0.92; sources: Every CONMEBOL Copa America Champion in History (copaamerica.com, 14 Jul 2024); Every Final in the History of CONMEBOL Copa America (copaamerica.com, 15 Jul 2024)] - The tournament began in 1916 as the South American Championship and CONMEBOL calls it the oldest national team tournament in the world. 1987 was the first edition with a group stage and a knockout final phase, and after two editions back in round-robin the modern format of quarter-finals, semi-finals, third-place play-off and final took over. [confidence 0.93; sources: Every CONMEBOL Copa America Champion in History (copaamerica.com, 14 Jul 2024); Every Final in the History of CONMEBOL Copa America (copaamerica.com, 15 Jul 2024)] ## Who holds every major title (as of August 2026) - id: current-champions-faq · type: faq · evidence_tier: primary · confidence: 0.95 · last_verified: 2026-08-08 - canonical: https://futbolatlas.app/k/current-champions-faq · api: https://futbolatlas.app/api/k/current-champions-faq.json The reigning champion of each major competition as of August 2026, each bound to the official source already in this graph: Spain (World Cup and EURO), England (Women's EURO), Spain women (World Cup), Argentina (Copa America), Paris Saint-Germain (Champions League), Chelsea (Club World Cup), and the 2025/26 champions of the top five European leagues. Claims: - As of August 2026 Spain are the men's world champions (2026) and European champions (2024), and also hold the Women's World Cup (2023) - the only nation holding the men's and women's World Cups simultaneously. [confidence 0.96; sources: Spain crowned FIFA World Cup 2026 Champions in New York New Jersey (FIFA); Spain 2-1 England - late Oyarzabal winner earns record fourth EURO crown (UEFA.com); Spain 1-0 England match report - Final (FIFA.com, Women's World Cup 2023)] - Argentina hold the Copa America (2024); England hold the Women's EURO (2025). [confidence 0.95; sources: Argentina defeats Colombia to become champion of CONMEBOL Copa America 2024 (copaamerica.com); England 1-1 Spain (aet, 3-1 pens) - Lionesses retain Women's EURO 2025 (UEFA.com)] - Paris Saint-Germain hold the Champions League after retaining it in 2026, and Chelsea hold the Club World Cup won in 2025. [confidence 0.95; sources: Paris retain Champions League - holders edge Arsenal on penalties (UEFA.com, 30 May 2026); Chelsea 3-0 PSG - highlights, report, quotes and stats (FIFA.com, Club World Cup USA 2025)] - The 2025/26 domestic champions are Arsenal (Premier League), Barcelona (LaLiga), Inter (Serie A), Bayern Munich (Bundesliga) and Paris Saint-Germain (Ligue 1). [confidence 0.95; sources: Paris retain Champions League - holders edge Arsenal on penalties (UEFA.com, 30 May 2026); Barca LaLiga Champions 2025-2026 (FC Barcelona official site); Inter are the Champions of Italy - 21st Scudetto (Inter.it, 6 May 2026); German champions 2026 (FC Bayern official honours page); Paris Saint-Germain crowned French champions for fifth time in a row (psg.fr press release)] # Who holds every major title (as of August 2026) **World champions:** Spain, after beating Argentina 1-0 in the 2026 final. Spain also hold the men's EURO (2024) and the Women's World Cup (2023) - no other nation has held the men's and women's World Cups at once. **Copa America:** Argentina (2024), their record 16th. **Women's EURO:** England (2025), retained on penalties against Spain. **Champions League:** Paris Saint-Germain, back-to-back after the 2026 Budapest final. **Club World Cup:** Chelsea, first winners of the 32-team format (2025). **Domestic leagues 2025/26:** Arsenal (England), Barcelona (Spain), Inter (Italy), Bayern Munich (Germany), Paris Saint-Germain (France). ## Direct free kick - id: direct-free-kick · type: glossary · evidence_tier: primary · confidence: 0.95 · last_verified: 2026-08-08 - canonical: https://futbolatlas.app/k/direct-free-kick · api: https://futbolatlas.app/api/k/direct-free-kick.json A direct free kick is a free kick from which a goal can be scored by kicking the ball directly into the opponents' goal, awarded for the contact and handball offences listed in Law 12. Claims: - A direct free kick is a free kick from which a goal can be scored by kicking the ball directly into the opponents' goal without it having to touch another player. [confidence 0.96; sources: Glossary — Football Terms (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] - Direct free kicks are awarded for the offences listed in Law 12, including careless, reckless or excessive-force contact offences and handball; a direct free kick offence inside the offender's own penalty area is a penalty kick. [confidence 0.95; sources: Law 12 — Fouls and Misconduct (Laws of the Game 2026/27); Law 14 — The Penalty Kick (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] ## Direct vs indirect free kick - id: direct-vs-indirect-free-kick · type: comparison · evidence_tier: primary · confidence: 0.94 · last_verified: 2026-08-08 - canonical: https://futbolatlas.app/k/direct-vs-indirect-free-kick · api: https://futbolatlas.app/api/k/direct-vs-indirect-free-kick.json The two free kick types differ in three practical ways under the 2026/27 Laws: whether a goal can be scored without another touch, which offences produce them, and what they become inside the penalty area. This comparison separates all three, bound to Laws 12 and 13. Claims: - From a direct free kick a goal can be scored by kicking the ball directly into the opponents' goal; from an indirect free kick a goal counts only if another player of either team touches the ball first, and the referee signals the indirect kick with a raised arm held until the ball is touched or out of play. [confidence 0.95; sources: Glossary — Football Terms (Laws of the Game 2026/27); Law 13 — Free Kicks (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] - Direct free kicks punish the Law 12 contact offences committed carelessly, recklessly or with excessive force, plus handball, holding, impeding with contact, biting, spitting and throwing objects; indirect free kicks punish non-contact and technical offences such as dangerous play, impeding without contact, dissent, offside and goalkeeper handling offences. [confidence 0.94; sources: Law 12 — Fouls and Misconduct (Laws of the Game 2026/27); Law 11 — Offside (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] - Inside the defending team's penalty area a direct free kick offence becomes a penalty kick, while an indirect free kick offence remains an indirect free kick, taken from the nearest point on the goal area line parallel to the goal line when the offence occurred inside the goal area. [confidence 0.94; sources: Law 14 — The Penalty Kick (Laws of the Game 2026/27); Law 13 — Free Kicks (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] - If an indirect free kick enters the opponents' goal without another touch, the restart is a goal kick; a direct free kick that does the same is a goal. [confidence 0.95; sources: Law 13 — Free Kicks (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] Takeaways: - A direct free kick can score untouched; an indirect one needs another touch. - The referee signals an indirect free kick with a raised arm. - In the penalty area a direct-kick offence becomes a penalty; an indirect one does not. - An indirect kick straight into the goal gives a goal kick, not a goal. # Direct vs indirect free kick One free kick type can beat the goalkeeper on its own; the other needs an accomplice. That is the famous difference — but it is the least useful of the three. ## Difference 1 - Scoring A **direct** free kick can be scored by kicking the ball straight into the opponents' goal. An **indirect** free kick only produces a goal if another player — of either team — touches the ball on the way. If an indirect kick flies in untouched, the restart is a goal kick, not a goal. The referee tells you which one it is: an indirect free kick comes with a raised arm, held up until the ball is touched by another player or goes out of play. ## Difference 2 - The offences behind them Direct free kicks punish the physical offences of Law 12: charging, jumping at, kicking, pushing, striking, tackling, tripping, holding and impeding with contact — when careless, reckless or with excessive force — plus handball, biting, spitting and throwing objects. Indirect free kicks punish the technical and non-contact offences: dangerous play, impeding without contact, dissent, offside, and the goalkeeper handling offences (holding too long, back-pass, throw-in from a team-mate). ## Difference 3 - What happens in the box The asymmetry that decides matches: a direct free kick offence by the defending team inside its own penalty area becomes a **penalty kick**. An indirect free kick offence in the same place stays an indirect free kick — and if it happened inside the goal area, it is taken from the nearest point on the goal area line parallel to the goal line. That is why a reckless tackle in the box is a penalty, while a back-pass picked up on the six-yard line is only an indirect free kick with eleven defenders on the goal line. ## Dissent - id: dissent · type: glossary · evidence_tier: primary · confidence: 0.94 · last_verified: 2026-08-08 - canonical: https://futbolatlas.app/k/dissent · api: https://futbolatlas.app/api/k/dissent.json Dissent is public protest or disagreement, verbal or physical, with a match official's decision; it is punishable with a caution. Claims: - The IFAB glossary defines dissent as public protest or disagreement, verbal and/or physical, with a match official's decision, punishable by a caution (yellow card). [confidence 0.96; sources: Glossary — Football Terms (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] - Verbal dissent offences fall under the indirect free kick offences of Law 12 when committed by a player on the field of play, with the caution as the disciplinary sanction; offensive, insulting or abusive language is a sending-off offence instead. [confidence 0.92; sources: Law 12 — Fouls and Misconduct (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] ## DOGSO (Denying an Obvious Goal-Scoring Opportunity) - id: dogso · type: glossary · evidence_tier: primary · confidence: 0.95 · last_verified: 2026-08-08 - canonical: https://futbolatlas.app/k/dogso · api: https://futbolatlas.app/api/k/dogso.json DOGSO is the Law 12 sending-off category for denying an opponent or the opposing team an obvious goal-scoring opportunity, with a caution instead of a red card when a penalty is awarded for a genuine attempt to play the ball. Claims: - Denying the opposing team a goal or an obvious goal-scoring opportunity, including by a deliberate handball offence, is a sending-off offence under Law 12. [confidence 0.96; sources: Law 12 — Fouls and Misconduct (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] - When the offence is committed inside the offender's own penalty area and the referee awards a penalty kick, the offender is cautioned rather than sent off if the offence was an attempt to play the ball or a challenge for the ball; in all other circumstances (holding, pulling, pushing, no possibility to play the ball, or handball) the offender is sent off. [confidence 0.95; sources: Law 12 — Fouls and Misconduct (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] - From the 2026/27 edition, when the referee plays advantage for a DOGSO offence and the non-offending team scores as a result, there is no disciplinary sanction for the offender, as the offence did not prevent a goal; earlier editions cautioned the offender in this situation. [confidence 0.9; sources: Law changes 2026/27 — changes and clarifications (IFAB); Law 12 — Fouls and Misconduct (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] ## UEFA EURO 1960 (champions - Soviet Union) - id: euro-1960 · type: entity · evidence_tier: primary · confidence: 0.94 · last_verified: 2026-08-09 - canonical: https://futbolatlas.app/k/euro-1960 · api: https://futbolatlas.app/api/k/euro-1960.json The Soviet Union beat Yugoslavia 2-1 after extra time at the Parc des Princes on 10 July 1960, Viktor Ponedelnik heading the winner in the 113th minute, to become the first holders of the Henri Delaunay Cup. Only 17 nations entered, the four British associations among those who did not, and the USSR reached the finals on a walkover after Spain refused to play them. Claims: - The Soviet Union beat Yugoslavia 2-1 after extra time in the first European Nations' Cup final, at the Parc des Princes in Paris on 10 July 1960 in front of 17,966 spectators, becoming the first team to lift the Henri Delaunay Cup. They were the reigning Olympic champions, from Melbourne 1956, under the same coach, Gavriil Kachalin, and were captained by Igor Netto. [confidence 0.95; sources: Ponedelnik heads USSR to EURO 1960 final glory against Yugoslavia (UEFA); EURO 1960 - All you need to know (UEFA)] - Milan Galic bundled Yugoslavia ahead just before the break, credited with turning in Jerkovic's cross-shot although Igor Netto was also in the vicinity - a goal that took Galic level with the world record of scoring in ten consecutive internationals. Slava Metreveli levelled after the restart when Blagoje Vidinic dropped Valentin Bubukin's long shot. [confidence 0.94; sources: Ponedelnik heads USSR to EURO 1960 final glory against Yugoslavia (UEFA)] - Lev Yashin, then 30, kept the Soviet Union in the match with a series of fine saves, especially from thunderous Borivoje Kostic free-kicks. Yugoslavia missed a golden chance in extra time when Jerkovic let the ball skid under his foot on the goal line, and with seven minutes left Viktor Ponedelnik headed the winner, in the 113th minute, from a cross by left winger Mikheil Meskhi. [confidence 0.94; sources: Ponedelnik heads USSR to EURO 1960 final glory against Yugoslavia (UEFA); EURO 1960 - All you need to know (UEFA)] - Ponedelnik, 23 and at SKA Rostov-on-Don, was the first player called up by the Soviet Union while playing for a second-division club, and had justified the selection with a hat-trick on his debut in a 7-1 win against Poland in May 1960. [confidence 0.94; sources: Ponedelnik heads USSR to EURO 1960 final glory against Yugoslavia (UEFA); EURO 1960 - All you need to know (UEFA)] - Only 17 nations entered the first qualifying competition: England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland were not interested, and Italy, the Netherlands and world champions West Germany also declined. The Soviet Union reached the final tournament on a walkover, after Spain refused to play them for political reasons. [confidence 0.95; sources: EURO 1960 - All you need to know (UEFA)] - The four-team finals ran from 6 to 10 July 1960 in France. Yugoslavia beat the hosts 5-4 in the opening semi-final at the Parc des Princes despite France twice leading by two goals; the Soviet Union beat Czechoslovakia 3-0 later the same night; and Czechoslovakia beat France 2-0 in the third-place play-off in Marseille on 9 July. [confidence 0.94; sources: EURO 1960 - All you need to know (UEFA)] - The competition was Henri Delaunay's idea. As general secretary of the French federation he had proposed a continental championship to FIFA in 1927, and returned to it on becoming UEFA's first General Secretary in 1954. He died in 1955; his son Pierre was made secretary of the organising committee and the trophy was named the Henri Delaunay Cup in recognition. The entry fee for the first edition was 200 Swiss Francs. [confidence 0.94; sources: EURO 1960 - All you need to know (UEFA)] - Both UEFA pages give England's Arthur Ellis as referee of this final, the guide adding that he had also refereed the first European Cup final at the same ground in 1956. This bears on a conflict recorded elsewhere in this corpus: UEFA's 1964 match report also names Ellis as referee of the 1964 final, where UEFA's 1964 guide names Arthur Holland as the English official at those finals. The 1960 attribution makes the 1964 report look like a carry-over rather than the 1964 guide being wrong, though no UEFA page says so. [confidence 0.88; sources: Ponedelnik heads USSR to EURO 1960 final glory against Yugoslavia (UEFA); EURO 1960 - All you need to know (UEFA); Marcelino heads Spain to EURO 1964 final win against USSR (UEFA); EURO 1964 - All you need to know (UEFA)] ## UEFA EURO 1964 (champions - Spain) - id: euro-1964 · type: entity · evidence_tier: primary · confidence: 0.93 · last_verified: 2026-08-09 - canonical: https://futbolatlas.app/k/euro-1964 · api: https://futbolatlas.app/api/k/euro-1964.json Spain beat holders the Soviet Union 2-1 at the Santiago Bernabeu on 21 June 1964 for the first major trophy in their history, Pereda opening after six minutes - still the earliest goal in a EURO final - and Marcelino heading the late winner. UEFA's own pages disagree on both that winner's minute and on who refereed the match. Claims: - Spain beat reigning champions the Soviet Union 2-1 in the EURO 1964 final at Madrid's Santiago Bernabeu on 21 June 1964, the first major trophy in Spain's history, in front of a crowd that included General Franco. [confidence 0.95; sources: Marcelino heads Spain to EURO 1964 final win against USSR (UEFA); EURO 1964 - All you need to know (UEFA)] - Jesus Maria Pereda gave Spain a sixth-minute lead, which UEFA calls the earliest goal in a EURO final to date: Luis Suarez delivered from the right, Eduard Mudrik missed it and Pereda thumped it in from close range. Galimzyan Khusainov levelled swiftly for the Soviet Union. [confidence 0.94; sources: EURO 1964 - All you need to know (UEFA); Marcelino heads Spain to EURO 1964 final win against USSR (UEFA)] - The winner came when Suarez sent another pass out to the right, Pereda crossed and Marcelino Martinez met it with a stooping header that went low inside the near post, beyond Lev Yashin, still superb at 34. All four of Spain's goals at the tournament came from crosses from the right. [confidence 0.94; sources: Marcelino heads Spain to EURO 1964 final win against USSR (UEFA); EURO 1964 - All you need to know (UEFA)] - UEFA's tournament guide dates that winner two ways: its main account gives the 84th minute, while its facts section, noting that Marcelino scored another winner for Real Zaragoza four days later, says that second goal came "also in the 83rd minute". [confidence 0.9; sources: EURO 1964 - All you need to know (UEFA)] - UEFA also names two different English referees around this match. The match report gives the final's referee as Arthur Ellis of England; the tournament guide lists the four referees used at the finals as Arthur Blavier of Belgium, Concetto Lo Bello of Italy, Daniel Mellet of Switzerland and Arthur Holland of England, with Ellis absent from the list. [confidence 0.9; sources: Marcelino heads Spain to EURO 1964 final win against USSR (UEFA); EURO 1964 - All you need to know (UEFA)] - A third inconsistency, though an ambiguous one, sits inside the match report: its narrative attributes the Soviet Union's lack of creative support for Valery Voronin to the absence of an extra defensive midfielder, Alexey Korneyev, while the line-up printed on the same page starts Korneyev. [confidence 0.85; sources: Marcelino heads Spain to EURO 1964 final win against USSR (UEFA)] - Four teams contested the finals in Spain from 17 to 21 June 1964. Spain needed extra time to beat Hungary 2-1 in the Bernabeu semi-final, the Soviet Union beat Denmark 3-0 at the Camp Nou, and Hungary beat Denmark 3-1 after extra time in the third-place play-off in Barcelona on 20 June. Twenty-nine nations entered the qualifying draw - Greece withdrawing for political reasons after being paired with Albania - and the early editions were straight two-legged knockouts. [confidence 0.94; sources: EURO 1964 - All you need to know (UEFA)] - Coach Jose Villalonga had won the 1956 and 1957 European Cups with Real Madrid. Pereda recalled his team talk before the final: he mapped out a pitch in the sand, used stones for Spain and pine cones for the Soviet Union, and convinced the players that stones were stronger. Luis Suarez became the first player to win the European Cup and the EURO in the same summer, Inter having beaten Real Madrid 3-1 in Vienna; Denmark's Ole Madsen scored 11 in qualifying, a record until Davor Suker's 12 for EURO '96, without scoring at the finals. [confidence 0.93; sources: EURO 1964 - All you need to know (UEFA)] ## UEFA EURO 1968 (champions - Italy) - id: euro-1968 · type: entity · evidence_tier: primary · confidence: 0.94 · last_verified: 2026-08-09 - canonical: https://futbolatlas.app/k/euro-1968 · api: https://futbolatlas.app/api/k/euro-1968.json Italy won the first tournament to carry the name UEFA European Championship, and won it twice over by the standards of any later edition: they reached the final on the toss of a coin after a goalless semi-final, drew the final 1-1 with Yugoslavia, and won the replay 2-0 two days later. Both remain unique in the competition's history. Claims: - Italy won the 1968 European Championship on home soil, drawing the final 1-1 with Yugoslavia after extra time at Rome's Stadio Olimpico on 8 June and winning the replay 2-0 at the same ground two days later. UEFA records it as the only European Championship or World Cup decider to have gone to a replay. [confidence 0.95; sources: Hosts Italy earn EURO 1968 final replay against Yugoslavia (UEFA, Italy 1-1 Yugoslavia aet); Riva steers Italy to EURO 1968 final replay win against Yugoslavia (UEFA, Italy 2-0); EURO 1968 - All you need to know (UEFA)] - In the first match Dragan Dzajic put Yugoslavia ahead after 39 minutes, pushing Dobrivoje Trivic's pass across Ernesto Castano and Dino Zoff, and Angelo Domenghini equalised with ten minutes left, crashing a free-kick to Ilija Pantelic's left after having hit a post with an earlier one. Zoff said afterwards that Italy had not deserved the draw. [confidence 0.94; sources: Hosts Italy earn EURO 1968 final replay against Yugoslavia (UEFA, Italy 1-1 Yugoslavia aet); EURO 1968 - All you need to know (UEFA)] - Italy had reached the final by winning a coin toss after a goalless semi-final against the Soviet Union at Naples' Stadio San Paolo, which UEFA calls the only competitive European international ever decided that way. Captain Giacinto Facchetti's account: he went down to the dressing rooms with the Soviet captain and two administrators, the referee produced an old coin, and he called tails correctly - then ran back up to a stadium still holding about 70,000 people, who learned the result from his celebration. [confidence 0.95; sources: Coin toss takes Italy to EURO 1968 final after USSR stalemate (UEFA); EURO 1968 - All you need to know (UEFA)] - Zoff recalled that Italy played that semi-final effectively with ten men: Gianni Rivera went off injured inside the opening minutes at a time when there were no substitutes at all. Giancarlo Bercellino then hurt a knee in extra time, forcing Domenghini to move to left-back, and Domenghini hit the foot of a post near the end. [confidence 0.94; sources: Coin toss takes Italy to EURO 1968 final after USSR stalemate (UEFA)] - For the replay Ferruccio Valcareggi made five changes, bringing in Sandro Mazzola and Luigi Riva, the latter back from a broken leg. Riva scored with his left foot - marginally but definitely onside - after Domenghini's scuffed shot turned into a through ball, and Pietro Anastasi flipped up Giancarlo De Sisti's angled pass and volleyed in from the edge of the box after the half-hour. UEFA's two line-ups bear the five changes out: six Italians started both matches. [confidence 0.94; sources: Riva steers Italy to EURO 1968 final replay win against Yugoslavia (UEFA, Italy 2-0); Hosts Italy earn EURO 1968 final replay against Yugoslavia (UEFA, Italy 1-1 Yugoslavia aet)] - UEFA's two match pages name different Yugoslavia captains for the two halves of the same final: Mirsad Fazlagic in the drawn match and Dragan Dzajic in the replay. Both men played in both matches and neither page remarks on the change. [confidence 0.88; sources: Hosts Italy earn EURO 1968 final replay against Yugoslavia (UEFA, Italy 1-1 Yugoslavia aet); Riva steers Italy to EURO 1968 final replay win against Yugoslavia (UEFA, Italy 2-0)] - 1968 was the first edition under the name UEFA European Championship, replacing the European Nations' Cup, and the first whose qualifying used a group stage: eight groups fed two-legged quarter-finals, and the four winners - England, Italy, the Soviet Union and Yugoslavia - made up the four-team finals in Italy. 31 nations entered, Malta and Iceland opting out, and West Germany made their debut. [confidence 0.95; sources: EURO 1968 - All you need to know (UEFA)] - Dzajic was top scorer with two goals, including the 86th-minute winner against world champions England in the semi-final in Florence, the tournament's first goal, lobbed over Gordon Banks. He won 85 caps for Yugoslavia between 1964 and 1979, more than any other player. Luigi Riva and Janos Farkas had shared the qualifying scoring lead on six. [confidence 0.94; sources: EURO 1968 - All you need to know (UEFA)] ## UEFA EURO 1972 (champions - West Germany) - id: euro-1972 · type: entity · evidence_tier: primary · confidence: 0.94 · last_verified: 2026-08-09 - canonical: https://futbolatlas.app/k/euro-1972 · api: https://futbolatlas.app/api/k/euro-1972.json West Germany beat the Soviet Union 3-0 at the Heysel Stadium in Brussels for their first European title, Gerd Muller scoring twice and Herbert Wimmer once. It stood as the biggest winning margin in a EURO final for forty years, and Muller became the only player ever to top the scoring lists of both the qualifying and the final phase of one European Championship. Claims: - West Germany beat the Soviet Union 3-0 in the EURO 1972 final at the Heysel Stadium in Brussels for their first European Championship, Gerd Muller scoring twice and Herbert Wimmer once. The four-team final phase in Belgium ran from 14 to 18 June 1972. It was the largest winning margin in a EURO final until 2012. [confidence 0.95; sources: Muller strikes twice as West Germany beat USSR in 1972 EURO final (UEFA); EURO 1972 - All you need to know (UEFA)] - All three of West Germany's most influential players were involved in the opener: Franz Beckenbauer brought the ball out from the back, Gunter Netzer volleyed almost nonchalantly against the bar, Evgeni Rudakov saved the rebound brilliantly and Muller controlled and pushed it in. Wimmer scored the second after a Jupp Heynckes pass, Rudakov palming the low shot up into his own net. Muller's second, Germany's third, came when Hans-Georg Schwarzenbeck made a rare appearance in the opposition area and attempted a one-two, and the ball broke to him. [confidence 0.94; sources: Muller strikes twice as West Germany beat USSR in 1972 EURO final (UEFA)] - UEFA's report describes the performance as the first stirrings of Total Football, played in front of a crowd that was three quarters German. Uli Hoeness hit the woodwork while it was still goalless and Murtaz Khurtsilava hit the bar and forced a full-length save from Sepp Maier. Helmut Schon coached West Germany and Aleksandr Ponomarev the USSR; Beckenbauer and Khurtsilava were the captains and Ferdinand Marschall of Austria refereed. [confidence 0.94; sources: Muller strikes twice as West Germany beat USSR in 1972 EURO final (UEFA)] - Muller top-scored both at the final tournament, with four goals, and in qualifying, with seven - six in the group phase and one in the quarter-finals - making him the only player to have topped the scorer rankings in both phases of a single EURO. He scored 11 goals across the whole campaign, and his career return of 68 goals in 62 internationals came in a markedly defensive era. [confidence 0.95; sources: Muller strikes twice as West Germany beat USSR in 1972 EURO final (UEFA); EURO 1972 - All you need to know (UEFA)] - West Germany swept the 1972 European Player of the Year poll, with Beckenbauer first, Muller second and Netzer third. Muller scored 85 goals for club and country in 1972, a record that stood until Lionel Messi's 91 in 2012, and Schon later said the 1972 team was the best he ever fielded. [confidence 0.94; sources: EURO 1972 - All you need to know (UEFA)] - Had any match at EURO 1972 finished level after extra time it would have been settled on penalties. Four years earlier, at EURO 1968, ties were decided by the toss of a coin, and the final by a replay. [confidence 0.94; sources: EURO 1972 - All you need to know (UEFA)] - Four teams contested the finals: hosts Belgium and West Germany were both making their finals debut, while the Soviet Union had appeared in 1960, 1964 and 1968 and Hungary in 1964. Qualifying involved 32 teams in eight groups of four followed by two-legged quarter-finals, with Iceland the only UEFA member not entering. [confidence 0.94; sources: EURO 1972 - All you need to know (UEFA)] ## UEFA EURO 1976 (champions - Czechoslovakia) - id: euro-1976 · type: entity · evidence_tier: primary · confidence: 0.95 · last_verified: 2026-08-09 - canonical: https://futbolatlas.app/k/euro-1976 · api: https://futbolatlas.app/api/k/euro-1976.json Czechoslovakia beat West Germany 5-3 on penalties after a 2-2 draw at the Stadion Crvena zvezda in Belgrade on 20 June 1976 - the first major international tournament final ever decided by a shoot-out. They had led 2-0 before Bernd Holzenbein equalised in the dying seconds, and the first seven penalties were all scored before Antonin Panenka's chip. Claims: - Czechoslovakia beat West Germany 5-3 on penalties after a 2-2 draw over 120 minutes in the EURO 1976 final at the Stadion Crvena zvezda in Belgrade on 20 June 1976, for what remains their only European title. It was the first time a major international tournament final went to penalties. [confidence 0.96; sources: Panenka makes his name as Czechoslovakia beat West Germany in EURO 1976 final shoot-out (UEFA); EURO 1976 - All you need to know (UEFA)] - Jan Svehlik put Czechoslovakia ahead after eight minutes, Berti Vogts having given the ball away close to his own penalty area: Koloman Gogh drew a save from Sepp Maier, Zdenek Nehoda crossed from the right and Svehlik arrived from deep to drive it in. Karol Dobias made it 2-0 when Marian Masny's free-kick, given for a Hans-Georg Schwarzenbeck foul on Gogh, was only half cleared and Dobias's angled shot sneaked past Maier. [confidence 0.95; sources: Panenka makes his name as Czechoslovakia beat West Germany in EURO 1976 final shoot-out (UEFA)] - Dieter Muller pulled one back within three minutes with an acrobatic volley from Rainer Bonhof's cross, and Bernd Holzenbein headed the equaliser from a Bonhof corner in the dying seconds, after the 34-year-old Ivo Viktor had held the lead with a string of saves including from Heinz Flohe and a Bonhof free-kick. [confidence 0.95; sources: Panenka makes his name as Czechoslovakia beat West Germany in EURO 1976 final shoot-out (UEFA)] - In the shoot-out the first seven kicks were all scored. Uli Hoeness then fired West Germany's fourth over the bar, leaving Antonin Panenka to win it, which he did by waiting for Maier to dive and chipping the ball down the middle. [confidence 0.96; sources: Panenka makes his name as Czechoslovakia beat West Germany in EURO 1976 final shoot-out (UEFA); EURO 1976 - All you need to know (UEFA)] - All four matches of the four-team finals, held in Yugoslavia from 16 to 20 June 1976, went to extra time - UEFA calls it the most competitive EURO in history - and only the final was settled on penalties. Czechoslovakia beat the Netherlands 3-1 and West Germany beat hosts Yugoslavia 4-2, both after extra time. [confidence 0.95; sources: EURO 1976 - All you need to know (UEFA)] - Dieter Muller was top scorer with four goals, having scored a hat-trick in the semi-final against Yugoslavia on his international debut and struck again in the final three days later; he won only 12 caps in all, scoring nine. Captain Anton Ondrus scored in the semi-final against the Netherlands and, in the same match, the EURO's first own goal. [confidence 0.94; sources: EURO 1976 - All you need to know (UEFA)] - Coach Vaclav Jezek, with assistant Jozef Venglos, reportedly prepared his players for shoot-outs by asking spectators to boo and whistle while they practised penalties in training. West Germany, coached by Helmut Schon and captained by Franz Beckenbauer, arrived as reigning world and European champions. Sergio Gonella of Italy refereed. [confidence 0.93; sources: Panenka makes his name as Czechoslovakia beat West Germany in EURO 1976 final shoot-out (UEFA); EURO 1976 - All you need to know (UEFA)] ## UEFA EURO 1980 (champions - West Germany) - id: euro-1980 · type: entity · evidence_tier: primary · confidence: 0.94 · last_verified: 2026-08-09 - canonical: https://futbolatlas.app/k/euro-1980 · api: https://futbolatlas.app/api/k/euro-1980.json West Germany beat Belgium 2-1 at Rome's Stadio Olimpico on 22 June 1980 for their second European title, Horst Hrubesch scoring both - his first goals in international football - with the winner in the closing seconds. It was the first eight-team EURO and staged the last third-place play-off in the competition's history. Claims: - West Germany beat Belgium 2-1 in the EURO 1980 final at Rome's Stadio Olimpico on 22 June 1980 for their second European Championship, Horst Hrubesch scoring both goals - the first he had ever scored in international football. [confidence 0.96; sources: Hrubesch is West Germany's hero in EURO 1980 final against Belgium (UEFA); EURO 1980 - All you need to know (UEFA)] - Bernd Schuster, the 20-year-old playmaker, made the opener on ten minutes: he ran diagonally from right to left, traded passes with Klaus Allofs and chipped the ball for Hrubesch to finish on the run. Rene Vandereycken equalised from the penalty spot on 75 minutes, after Uli Stielike's trip on Francois Van der Elst was judged to have happened inside the area. [confidence 0.95; sources: Hrubesch is West Germany's hero in EURO 1980 final against Belgium (UEFA)] - Hrubesch headed the winner with seconds remaining, but UEFA's account and Hrubesch's own do not match. UEFA's match report and its tournament guide both describe a Karl-Heinz Rummenigge cross that Jean-Marie Pfaff came out to meet and was beaten to at the near post; Hrubesch, quoted on the same report page, calls it a prepared Rummenigge corner from the left taken on a pre-arranged signal, and says Pfaff made the mistake of staying on his line. [confidence 0.9; sources: Hrubesch is West Germany's hero in EURO 1980 final against Belgium (UEFA); EURO 1980 - All you need to know (UEFA)] - Hrubesch was in the squad only because Klaus Fischer of Schalke had broken his leg, and was regarded by some as a one-trick pony. Of the opening goal he said it came "for once with the foot and not the head", and he recalled being so tired after the game, on a very hot day, that lifting the trophy was hard. [confidence 0.94; sources: EURO 1980 - All you need to know (UEFA); Hrubesch is West Germany's hero in EURO 1980 final against Belgium (UEFA)] - EURO 1980 was the first eight-team final tournament, UEFA having doubled the field from four after 1976. The eight were split into two groups, the group winners advancing directly to the final and the runners-up contesting a third-place play-off; for the first time the hosts, Italy, qualified automatically. It ran from 11 to 22 June 1980 across four stadiums. [confidence 0.96; sources: EURO 1980 - All you need to know (UEFA)] - It also staged the last third-place play-off in EURO history: Czechoslovakia beat Italy 9-8 on penalties in Naples after a 1-1 draw, Fulvio Collovati missing after 17 successful kicks. [confidence 0.95; sources: EURO 1980 - All you need to know (UEFA)] - Klaus Allofs was top scorer with three goals, the third West German in succession to lead a EURO after Gerd Muller in 1972 and Dieter Muller in 1976. Karl-Heinz Rummenigge won the 1980 Ballon d'Or with Schuster runner-up, and had scored the tournament's opening goal, a header just before the hour against Czechoslovakia. West Germany's run of three consecutive EURO finals, from 1972, remains unmatched. [confidence 0.94; sources: EURO 1980 - All you need to know (UEFA)] - Greece reached their first major final tournament in 1980, having finished above Hungary and previous winners the Soviet Union in qualifying, and did not appear at another EURO until the one they won, in 2004. [confidence 0.94; sources: EURO 1980 - All you need to know (UEFA)] ## UEFA EURO 1984 (champions - France) - id: euro-1984 · type: entity · evidence_tier: primary · confidence: 0.94 · last_verified: 2026-08-09 - canonical: https://futbolatlas.app/k/euro-1984 · api: https://futbolatlas.app/api/k/euro-1984.json France beat Spain 2-0 at the Parc des Princes on 27 June 1984 for their first official title in any team sport. Michel Platini's ninth goal of the finals - still the competition record, and more than any other nation scored in the whole tournament - went in when Luis Arconada let a modest free-kick creep out of his hands and over the line. Claims: - France beat Spain 2-0 in the EURO 1984 final at Paris's Parc des Princes on 27 June 1984, and remain the only host nation to win the European Championship since the finals were expanded in 1980. [confidence 0.96; sources: Platini fires hosts France to EURO 1984 final glory against Spain (UEFA); EURO 1984 - All you need to know (UEFA)] - The opening goal came early in the second half, after Salva was penalised for fouling Bernard Lacombe just outside the penalty area. Michel Platini's free-kick was not one of his best, sweeping low around the wall almost into Luis Arconada's hands; the Spain goalkeeper dropped to collect it, pulled it in to his body, and let it creep out and over the line as he tried to claw it back. [confidence 0.95; sources: Platini fires hosts France to EURO 1984 final glory against Spain (UEFA)] - It was Platini's ninth goal of the finals, a competition record that still stands - no other player has scored more than six - and nine of France's 14 goals at the tournament. UEFA's match report notes that no other team scored as many at the finals as Platini managed by himself. [confidence 0.95; sources: Platini fires hosts France to EURO 1984 final glory against Spain (UEFA); EURO 1984 - All you need to know (UEFA)] - Yvon Le Roux was sent off five minutes from time and France still scored again: Jean Tigana, named player of the tournament despite Platini's goals, sent Bruno Bellone through to chip Arconada. It was the only one of France's 14 goals scored by a striker. [confidence 0.94; sources: Platini fires hosts France to EURO 1984 final glory against Spain (UEFA)] - Platini's nine came from the winner against Denmark in the opening game - also the first goal of the tournament, 78 minutes in - perfect hat-tricks in back-to-back wins over Belgium and Yugoslavia, a goal in the semi-final against Portugal and one in the final. He was the only foreign-based player in the France squad, then at Juventus. [confidence 0.94; sources: EURO 1984 - All you need to know (UEFA)] - France played 12 internationals in the 1984 calendar year and won all 12. Michel Hidalgo coached France and Miguel Munoz coached Spain; Platini and Arconada were the captains, and Vojtech Christov of Czechoslovakia refereed the final. [confidence 0.94; sources: Platini fires hosts France to EURO 1984 final glory against Spain (UEFA); EURO 1984 - All you need to know (UEFA)] - UEFA's 1984 tournament guide contradicts itself on the format's history: its venues section calls 1984 "the first eight-team final tournament", while the same page dates the expansion of the finals to 1980 and describes 1984 as the second edition to feature a group stage. UEFA's 1980 guide settles it, stating three separate times that 1980 was the first EURO with eight teams, so the 1984 page's venues line is simply wrong. What 1984 was first for is having no third-place play-off at all. [confidence 0.95; sources: EURO 1984 - All you need to know (UEFA); EURO 1980 - All you need to know (UEFA)] ## UEFA EURO 1988 (champions - Netherlands) - id: euro-1988 · type: entity · evidence_tier: primary · confidence: 0.95 · last_verified: 2026-08-09 - canonical: https://futbolatlas.app/k/euro-1988 · api: https://futbolatlas.app/api/k/euro-1988.json The Netherlands beat the Soviet Union 2-0 at Munich's Olympiastadion on 25 June 1988 for their first major title. Marco van Basten headed the assist for Ruud Gullit's opener before scoring the volley from the right-hand goal line that the tournament is remembered for - a goal UEFA's own pages date two minutes apart. Claims: - The Netherlands beat the Soviet Union 2-0 in the EURO 1988 final at Munich's Olympiastadion on 25 June 1988, their first major international title. [confidence 0.96; sources: Van Basten volley crowns Netherlands' EURO 1988 final win against USSR (UEFA); EURO 1988 - All you need to know (UEFA)] - Ruud Gullit opened the scoring in the first half. Erwin Koeman took a corner on the right and, when it was headed out, crossed again to the far post; with the Soviet defence stepping up to play offside, Marco van Basten craned his neck to head the ball square to the unmarked Gullit, whose header beat Rinat Dasaev. Gullit, then 25, became the first Netherlands captain to lift a major international trophy. [confidence 0.95; sources: Van Basten volley crowns Netherlands' EURO 1988 final win against USSR (UEFA); EURO 1988 - All you need to know (UEFA)] - The second goal: a loose touch by Oleksandr Zavarov let Adri van Tiggelen intercept and feed Arnold Muhren, who was playing his last international, wide on the left. Muhren's instant high cross went deep across the Soviet area and Van Basten, eight metres from goal and only five or six from the right-hand goal line, hit a top-spin volley over Dasaev and just inside the far post. [confidence 0.95; sources: Van Basten volley crowns Netherlands' EURO 1988 final win against USSR (UEFA)] - UEFA's own pages give two different minutes for that goal: the match report puts it on 54 minutes, while the tournament guide says it killed the game off after 52. [confidence 0.92; sources: Van Basten volley crowns Netherlands' EURO 1988 final win against USSR (UEFA); EURO 1988 - All you need to know (UEFA)] - Van Basten scored five times at the finals despite starting the opening game on the bench, a 1-0 defeat by the same Soviet Union. He hit a hat-trick against England - on the day Peter Shilton won his 100th cap - and scored the semi-final winner against West Germany, the Netherlands' first win over their neighbours since 1956. [confidence 0.95; sources: EURO 1988 - All you need to know (UEFA)] - Hans van Breukelen conceded a penalty by bringing down Sergei Gotsmanov and then blocked Igor Belanov's low shot; a month earlier his penalty save had won the European Champion Clubs' Cup for PSV Eindhoven. Eight of the Soviet side came from Dynamo Kyiv. Valeriy Lobanovskyi coached the USSR and Rinus Michels the Netherlands, with Michel Vautrot of France refereeing. [confidence 0.94; sources: Van Basten volley crowns Netherlands' EURO 1988 final win against USSR (UEFA)] - The Soviet Union remain the only team to have lost three UEFA European Championship finals. Van Breukelen, Ronald Koeman, Berry van Aerle and Gerald Vanenburg won the EURO within weeks of lifting the European Cup with PSV. [confidence 0.94; sources: EURO 1988 - All you need to know (UEFA)] ## UEFA EURO 1992 (champions - Denmark) - id: euro-1992 · type: entity · evidence_tier: primary · confidence: 0.95 · last_verified: 2026-08-09 - canonical: https://futbolatlas.app/k/euro-1992 · api: https://futbolatlas.app/api/k/euro-1992.json Denmark beat the newly reunified Germany 2-0 at the Ullevi Stadium in Gothenburg on 26 June 1992, through John Jensen and Kim Vilfort. They were at the finals only because Yugoslavia had been suspended from international football that May and the place passed to the qualifying group's runners-up - one of three ways politics redrew this tournament. Claims: - Denmark beat the newly reunified Germany 2-0 in the EURO 1992 final at the Ullevi Stadium in Gothenburg on 26 June 1992, John Jensen and Kim Vilfort scoring in either half. [confidence 0.96; sources: Gatecrashing Denmark down Germany in EURO 1992 final (UEFA); EURO 1992 - All you need to know (UEFA)] - Denmark were at the finals as replacements. Group 4 winners Yugoslavia were suspended from international football in May 1992 and their place went to the section runners-up. Denmark then scraped through the group stage and knocked out holders the Netherlands on penalties in the semi-final. [confidence 0.96; sources: EURO 1992 - All you need to know (UEFA)] - Jensen's opener came against the run of play: Vilfort won a tussle with Andreas Brehme and passed to Flemming Povlsen, who cut the ball back for Jensen to smash it high into the net from the edge of the area despite Stefan Effenberg's attempt to block. It was only Jensen's second goal in 48 internationals. Vilfort settled it in the second half, bringing the ball under control, turning inside and shooting low in off Bodo Illgner's left post. [confidence 0.95; sources: Gatecrashing Denmark down Germany in EURO 1992 final (UEFA)] - Peter Schmeichel kept Germany out throughout, saving from Stefan Reuter, Guido Buchwald, Jurgen Klinsmann and Effenberg and tipping a Karl-Heinz Riedle header over, with Kent Nielsen clearing another effort off the line. Captain Lars Olsen received the trophy from UEFA President Lennart Johansson, and the referee was Bruno Galler of Switzerland. [confidence 0.94; sources: Gatecrashing Denmark down Germany in EURO 1992 final (UEFA)] - Vilfort had twice left the Danish camp during the tournament, and missed a group match, to visit his seven-year-old daughter, who was suffering from leukaemia. [confidence 0.94; sources: Gatecrashing Denmark down Germany in EURO 1992 final (UEFA)] - Politics redrew the field three times over. German reunification took place during qualifying, so East Germany withdrew and West Germany competed as Germany; the Soviet Union broke up after its team had qualified as Group 3 winners, and the same squad played in Sweden as the CIS, representing 12 post-Soviet republics; and Yugoslavia's suspension brought Denmark in. Darko Pancev, top scorer in qualifying with ten goals, never played at the finals. [confidence 0.95; sources: EURO 1992 - All you need to know (UEFA)] - Staged from 10 to 26 June in Sweden, it was the ninth edition and the last with an eight-team final tournament, with 34 nations in qualifying and no third-place play-off. Dennis Bergkamp, Tomas Brolin, Henrik Larsen and Karl-Heinz Riedle shared the scoring lead on three goals each. [confidence 0.95; sources: EURO 1992 - All you need to know (UEFA)] ## UEFA EURO 1996 (champions - Germany) - id: euro-1996 · type: entity · evidence_tier: primary · confidence: 0.94 · last_verified: 2026-08-09 - canonical: https://futbolatlas.app/k/euro-1996 · api: https://futbolatlas.app/api/k/euro-1996.json EURO '96 in England ended at Wembley with Germany beating the Czech Republic 2-1 in extra time. Substitute Oliver Bierhoff headed an equaliser after Patrik Berger's penalty, then scored senior international football's first golden goal - a goal the referee first checked for offside, and whose minute UEFA's own pages still give differently. Claims: - Germany beat the Czech Republic 2-1 after extra time in the EURO '96 final at Wembley, in front of over 76,000 spectators, in what was Germany's fifth continental final. [confidence 0.95; sources: Bierhoff the hero of Germany's EURO '96 final win against Czech Republic (UEFA); Football comes home for Germany - EURO '96 review (UEFA)] - Patrik Berger put the Czechs ahead from the penalty spot before the hour, after Matthias Sammer brought down Karel Poborsky in the box. Berti Vogts sent on Oliver Bierhoff with 21 minutes remaining, in the 69th minute for Mehmet Scholl, and Bierhoff headed in Christian Ziege's deep free-kick from the right, goalkeeper Petr Kouba having stayed on his line. [confidence 0.95; sources: Bierhoff the hero of Germany's EURO '96 final win against Czech Republic (UEFA); EURO Classics - Czech Republic 1-2 Germany, 1996 (UEFA, 8 Jun 2020)] - Bierhoff then scored what UEFA's match report calls senior international football's first golden goal: on the edge of the box with his back to goal he turned and struck a left-foot shot that hit Michal Hornak on the way through, and Kouba let it slip through his hands and in off the far post. [confidence 0.95; sources: Bierhoff the hero of Germany's EURO '96 final win against Czech Republic (UEFA); EURO Classics - Czech Republic 1-2 Germany, 1996 (UEFA, 8 Jun 2020)] - UEFA's pages do not agree on when it was scored. The match report gives the 95th minute and the EURO Classics retrospective says it took just five minutes of extra time, while the tournament review places it four minutes into extra time. Two of the three point to the 95th minute. [confidence 0.92; sources: Bierhoff the hero of Germany's EURO '96 final win against Czech Republic (UEFA); EURO Classics - Czech Republic 1-2 Germany, 1996 (UEFA, 8 Jun 2020); Football comes home for Germany - EURO '96 review (UEFA)] - Germany went into the final so depleted that Jurgen Klinsmann played with a calf problem and UEFA granted them a squad dispensation - described by the match report as permission to add two new players and by the EURO Classics piece as one extra player. Vogts later said he had nine fit players before the final and that his third goalkeeper, Oliver Reck, sat on the bench with an outfield shirt. [confidence 0.91; sources: Bierhoff the hero of Germany's EURO '96 final win against Czech Republic (UEFA); EURO Classics - Czech Republic 1-2 Germany, 1996 (UEFA, 8 Jun 2020)] - UEFA named Karel Poborsky, of the beaten Czech side, Man of the Match; the referee was Pierluigi Pairetto of Italy. Sammer recalled that Germany's celebrations paused while the referee consulted his assistant about a possible offside before the golden goal was allowed to stand. [confidence 0.94; sources: Bierhoff the hero of Germany's EURO '96 final win against Czech Republic (UEFA); EURO Classics - Czech Republic 1-2 Germany, 1996 (UEFA, 8 Jun 2020)] - EURO '96 was the first tournament at which the golden-goal rule applied, with 16 nations playing in England. The Czech Republic reached the final having lost their opening group game 2-0 to the same Germany, and having beaten France on penalties after 120 goalless minutes in the semi-final; Germany eliminated hosts England on penalties in the other. [confidence 0.94; sources: Football comes home for Germany - EURO '96 review (UEFA); EURO Classics - Czech Republic 1-2 Germany, 1996 (UEFA, 8 Jun 2020)] ## UEFA EURO 2000 (champions - France) - id: euro-2000 · type: entity · evidence_tier: primary · confidence: 0.95 · last_verified: 2026-08-09 - canonical: https://futbolatlas.app/k/euro-2000 · api: https://futbolatlas.app/api/k/euro-2000.json EURO 2000, co-hosted by Belgium and the Netherlands, ended at Rotterdam's Feijenoord Stadium on 2 July 2000 with France beating Italy 2-1 on a golden goal. Italy led through Marco Delvecchio until Sylvain Wiltord equalised in added time, and David Trezeguet won it 13 minutes into extra time - France the first team to win the European Championship as reigning world champions. Claims: - France beat Italy 2-1 on a golden goal in the EURO 2000 final at Rotterdam's Feijenoord Stadium on 2 July 2000, becoming the first team to win the European Championship as reigning world champions. [confidence 0.96; sources: Trezeguet's golden goal sinks Italy as France make history and win EURO 2000 final (UEFA); EURO 2000 - All you need to know (UEFA)] - Marco Delvecchio volleyed Italy ahead on 55 minutes, Francesco Totti's back-heel having released Gianluca Pessotto down the right for a cross that eluded Marcel Desailly. Sylvain Wiltord, on for Christophe Dugarry in the 58th minute, broke free on the left in added time at the end of normal time to send a low drive past Francesco Toldo; then, 13 minutes into extra time, he pulled the ball back for David Trezeguet - a 76th-minute substitute for Youri Djorkaeff - to strike the golden goal first time into the roof of the net. [confidence 0.95; sources: Trezeguet's golden goal sinks Italy as France make history and win EURO 2000 final (UEFA); EURO 2000 - All you need to know (UEFA)] - UEFA named Francesco Totti, of the beaten side, Man of the Match. The referee was Anders Frisk of Sweden; France were coached by Roger Lemerre and captained by Didier Deschamps, who lifted the Henri Delaunay Cup, and Italy were coached by Dino Zoff and captained by Paolo Maldini. [confidence 0.95; sources: Trezeguet's golden goal sinks Italy as France make history and win EURO 2000 final (UEFA)] - Belgium and the Netherlands co-hosted the tournament from 10 June to 2 July 2000, providing four venues each, with 16 teams at the finals and 49 UEFA members in qualifying. Zinedine Zidane was Player of the Tournament, and Patrick Kluivert and Savo Milosevic shared the scoring lead on five goals each. [confidence 0.95; sources: EURO 2000 - All you need to know (UEFA)] - Roger Lemerre had been Aime Jacquet's assistant when France won the 1998 World Cup and became the first France coach to win a major tournament on foreign soil, the country's previous titles having come at home. He completed a unique continental double in 2004 by winning the Africa Cup of Nations with Tunisia. [confidence 0.94; sources: EURO 2000 - All you need to know (UEFA)] ## UEFA EURO 2004 (champions - Greece) - id: euro-2004 · type: entity · evidence_tier: primary · confidence: 0.95 · last_verified: 2026-08-09 - canonical: https://futbolatlas.app/k/euro-2004 · api: https://futbolatlas.app/api/k/euro-2004.json EURO 2004 ended in Lisbon on 4 July 2004 with Greece beating hosts Portugal 1-0, Angelos Charisteas heading in Angelos Basinas's corner early in the second half. Greece had started as 80-1 outsiders and Portugal became the first host nation to lose a European Championship final. Claims: - Greece beat hosts Portugal 1-0 in the UEFA EURO 2004 final in Lisbon on 4 July 2004, Angelos Charisteas scoring the only goal, and Portugal became the first host nation to lose a European Championship final. [confidence 0.96; sources: Greece crowned kings of Europe after EURO 2004 final win against hosts Portugal (UEFA, 4 Jul 2004)] - Greece had begun the tournament as 80-1 outsiders, and UEFA's own match report calls the result arguably the biggest shock at a major football tournament. [confidence 0.95; sources: Greece crowned kings of Europe after EURO 2004 final win against hosts Portugal (UEFA, 4 Jul 2004)] - The goal came early in the second half: a surging right-wing run by Giourkas Seitaridis won a corner, Angelos Basinas swung it over and Charisteas climbed above Costinha to head in from close range. Costinha was withdrawn immediately afterwards for Rui Costa, on 60 minutes. [confidence 0.94; sources: Greece crowned kings of Europe after EURO 2004 final win against hosts Portugal (UEFA, 4 Jul 2004)] - Otto Rehhagel's Greece made one change from the semi-final, Stelios Giannakopoulos replacing the suspended Georgios Karagounis, while Luiz Felipe Scolari kept the side that had beaten the Netherlands, with Pauleta preferred to the in-form Nuno Gomes. Theodoros Zagorakis captained Greece and Antonios Nikopolidis kept goal. [confidence 0.94; sources: Greece crowned kings of Europe after EURO 2004 final win against hosts Portugal (UEFA, 4 Jul 2004)] ## UEFA EURO 2008 (champions - Spain) - id: euro-2008 · type: entity · evidence_tier: primary · confidence: 0.95 · last_verified: 2026-08-08 - canonical: https://futbolatlas.app/k/euro-2008 · api: https://futbolatlas.app/api/k/euro-2008.json EURO 2008 ended with Spain beating Germany 1-0 in the Vienna final - Fernando Torres outmuscling Lahm and clipping over Lehmann in the 33rd minute from Xavi's pass - ending a 44-year wait for a major title and opening the Spain era that ran through the 2010 World Cup and EURO 2012. Claims: - Spain beat Germany 1-0 in the EURO 2008 final at Vienna's Ernst-Happel-Stadion, their second European Championship and their first major title in 44 years, with seven shots on target to Germany's one. [confidence 0.96; sources: Torres ends Spain's long wait for glory - EURO 2008 final (UEFA.com)] - Fernando Torres scored the only goal in the 33rd minute, running onto Xavi's pass, outmuscling Philipp Lahm and clipping the ball over Jens Lehmann - who at 38 became the oldest player to appear in a European Championship final. [confidence 0.95; sources: Torres ends Spain's long wait for glory - EURO 2008 final (UEFA.com)] ## UEFA EURO 2012 (champions - Spain) - id: euro-2012 · type: entity · evidence_tier: primary · confidence: 0.95 · last_verified: 2026-08-08 - canonical: https://futbolatlas.app/k/euro-2012 · api: https://futbolatlas.app/api/k/euro-2012.json EURO 2012 ended with Spain beating Italy 4-0 in Kyiv on 1 July 2012 - the most emphatic win in a EURO final - through Silva, Alba, Torres and Mata, against an Italy reduced to ten after Motta's injury. It completed Spain's unprecedented EURO-World Cup-EURO treble. Claims: - Spain beat Italy 4-0 in the EURO 2012 final at the Olympic Stadium in Kyiv on 1 July 2012 - the most emphatic win in a European Championship final - with goals from David Silva (14th, header), Jordi Alba (his first international goal, before half-time), and substitutes Fernando Torres and Juan Mata late on. [confidence 0.96; sources: Spain overpower exhausted Italy to win EURO 2012 final (UEFA.com)] - Italy played the last 28 minutes with ten men after Thiago Motta was carried off with all substitutions used; Torres's late goal and assist won him the Golden Boot, and the title completed Spain's unprecedented run of EURO 2008, the 2010 World Cup and EURO 2012. [confidence 0.95; sources: Spain overpower exhausted Italy to win EURO 2012 final (UEFA.com)] ## UEFA EURO 2016 (champions - Portugal) - id: euro-2016 · type: entity · evidence_tier: primary · confidence: 0.95 · last_verified: 2026-08-08 - canonical: https://futbolatlas.app/k/euro-2016 · api: https://futbolatlas.app/api/k/euro-2016.json EURO 2016 ended with Portugal beating hosts France 1-0 after extra time at the Stade de France on 10 July 2016 - substitute Eder striking from 20 metres in the 109th minute - for Portugal's first major trophy, in a final Cristiano Ronaldo left injured after 25 minutes to coach from the touchline. Claims: - Portugal beat hosts France 1-0 after extra time in the EURO 2016 final at the Stade de France in Saint-Denis on 10 July 2016, winning their first major tournament despite drawing all three group games and winning only once in 90 minutes all tournament. [confidence 0.96; sources: Portugal spoil France's party with extra-time win - EURO 2016 final (UEFA.com)] - Substitute Eder scored the only goal with a 20-metre strike in the 109th minute; Cristiano Ronaldo went off injured on 25 minutes and, per UEFA's report, told Eder before extra time that he would score the winner. [confidence 0.95; sources: Portugal spoil France's party with extra-time win - EURO 2016 final (UEFA.com)] ## UEFA EURO 2020 (champions - Italy) - id: euro-2020 · type: entity · evidence_tier: primary · confidence: 0.95 · last_verified: 2026-08-08 - canonical: https://futbolatlas.app/k/euro-2020 · api: https://futbolatlas.app/api/k/euro-2020.json EURO 2020, played in 2021, ended with Italy beating England 3-2 on penalties after a 1-1 draw at Wembley - Luke Shaw scoring inside two minutes, Leonardo Bonucci equalising, and Gianluigi Donnarumma saving from Saka and Sancho in the shoot-out. It was Italy's second EURO, their first since 1968, and Donnarumma was named Player of the Tournament. Claims: - Italy beat England 3-2 on penalties after a 1-1 draw following extra time in the EURO 2020 final at Wembley: Luke Shaw scored inside two minutes in England's first EURO final, and Leonardo Bonucci equalised midway through the second half. [confidence 0.96; sources: Italy 1-1 England, aet (3-2 pens) - Donnarumma the hero (UEFA.com, EURO 2020)] - In the shoot-out Gianluigi Donnarumma saved from Bukayo Saka and Jadon Sancho and Marcus Rashford hit the post; Donnarumma was named Player of the Tournament, and the title was Italy's first EURO since 1968. [confidence 0.95; sources: Italy 1-1 England, aet (3-2 pens) - Donnarumma the hero (UEFA.com, EURO 2020)] ## UEFA EURO 2024 (champions - Spain) - id: euro-2024 · type: entity · evidence_tier: primary · confidence: 0.95 · last_verified: 2026-08-08 - canonical: https://futbolatlas.app/k/euro-2024 · api: https://futbolatlas.app/api/k/euro-2024.json UEFA EURO 2024, hosted by Germany, ended with Spain beating England 2-1 in the Berlin final - Nico Williams opening, Cole Palmer equalising and Mikel Oyarzabal winning it four minutes from time - for a record fourth European Championship title. Rodri was Player of the Tournament and Lamine Yamal Young Player. Claims: - Spain beat England 2-1 in the UEFA EURO 2024 final in Berlin to win a record fourth European Championship title. [confidence 0.97; sources: Spain 2-1 England - late Oyarzabal winner earns record fourth EURO crown (UEFA.com)] - Nico Williams put Spain ahead early in the second half from Lamine Yamal's pass; substitute Cole Palmer equalised; Mikel Oyarzabal scored the winner four minutes from time, turning in Marc Cucurella's cross. [confidence 0.95; sources: Spain 2-1 England - late Oyarzabal winner earns record fourth EURO crown (UEFA.com)] - Rodri was named Player of the Tournament, Lamine Yamal Young Player of the Tournament, and Nico Williams Player of the Match in the final. [confidence 0.95; sources: Spain 2-1 England - late Oyarzabal winner earns record fourth EURO crown (UEFA.com)] ## European Championship titles by country (through 2024) - id: euro-titles-by-country · type: entity · evidence_tier: primary · confidence: 0.95 · last_verified: 2026-08-09 - canonical: https://futbolatlas.app/k/euro-titles-by-country · api: https://futbolatlas.app/api/k/euro-titles-by-country.json Ten nations have won the 17 European Championships played from 1960 to 2024, Spain leading on four after Berlin 2024, ahead of Germany on three. UEFA publishes two different titles-by-country tables that do not agree: the roll of honour keeps the historical nations (Soviet Union, Czechoslovakia) and is frozen at 2020, while the all-time rankings reallocate their titles to successor states. Claims: - Under the historical names UEFA uses in its roll of honour, the winners of the 17 European Championships to date are Spain four (1964, 2008, 2012, 2024), Germany three (1972, 1980 and 1996, the first two as West Germany), France two (1984, 2000), Italy two (1968, 2020), and one each for the Soviet Union (1960), Czechoslovakia (1976), the Netherlands (1988), Denmark (1992), Greece (2004) and Portugal (2016) - ten different champions. [confidence 0.95; sources: UEFA European Championship roll of honour (UEFA, last updated 11 Jul 2021); Spain 2-1 England - late Oyarzabal winner earns record fourth EURO crown (UEFA.com)] - UEFA's roll of honour page was last updated in July 2021 and therefore stops at the 2020 edition, where it lists Germany and Spain level on three titles. Spain's 2-1 win over England in Berlin in 2024, recorded in UEFA's own final report, is what makes them outright leaders on four. [confidence 0.95; sources: UEFA European Championship roll of honour (UEFA, last updated 11 Jul 2021); Spain 2-1 England - late Oyarzabal winner earns record fourth EURO crown (UEFA.com)] - UEFA's all-time rankings page, updated the day after the 2024 final, carries a second titles column that does not match the roll of honour, because it reallocates the historical nations: all Soviet Union matches and the 1960 title are awarded to Russia, all West Germany matches to Germany, all Yugoslavia and Serbia & Montenegro matches to Serbia, and all Czechoslovakia matches are allocated to both Czechia and Slovakia - so the single 1976 title appears once under each, and that column sums to 18 titles across 17 editions. [confidence 0.95; sources: Who tops the all-time EURO rankings? (UEFA, last updated 14 Jul 2024)] - In that all-time table, calculated with UEFA's coefficient procedure of two points for a win and one for a draw, Germany lead on 74 points from 14 participations, ahead of Spain on 71 from 12 and Italy on 63 from 11; Spain's 2024 title moved them past Italy into second. England are the highest-ranked nation never to have won the trophy, seventh on 52 points from 11 participations. [confidence 0.95; sources: Who tops the all-time EURO rankings? (UEFA, last updated 14 Jul 2024)] - A separate breakdown on the same UEFA page keeps the historical entities apart, and shows why the merged rows look odd: Czechoslovakia have three participations and one title, Czechia eight participations and none of their own, Slovakia three and none. [confidence 0.94; sources: Who tops the all-time EURO rankings? (UEFA, last updated 14 Jul 2024)] ## UEFA Europa League 2025/26 final (Freiburg 0-3 Aston Villa) - id: europa-league-2026-final · type: entity · evidence_tier: primary · confidence: 0.94 · last_verified: 2026-08-09 - canonical: https://futbolatlas.app/k/europa-league-2026-final · api: https://futbolatlas.app/api/k/europa-league-2026-final.json Aston Villa beat Freiburg 3-0 at Besiktas Park in Istanbul on 20 May 2026 for their first continental title since the 1981/82 European Cup, 44 years on from their previous UEFA final. Unai Emery's fifth Europa League title made him the most successful coach in the competition's history. Claims: - Aston Villa beat Freiburg 3-0 in the 2025/26 UEFA Europa League final at Besiktas Park in Istanbul on Wednesday 20 May 2026, kicking off at 21:00 CET. [confidence 0.95; sources: 2025/26 Europa League - Meet the winners (UEFA, 20 May 2026, by John Atkin); 2026 UEFA Europa League final - where is it, who is involved, how to watch (UEFA, 20 May 2026)] - It was Aston Villa's first continental title since they won the 1981/82 European Cup, and their first UEFA final in 44 years. Freiburg, coached by Julian Schuster, were contesting their first continental decider. [confidence 0.95; sources: 2025/26 Europa League - Meet the winners (UEFA, 20 May 2026, by John Atkin); 2026 UEFA Europa League final - where is it, who is involved, how to watch (UEFA, 20 May 2026)] - The win gave Unai Emery a fifth Europa League title - three with Sevilla in 2013/14, 2014/15 and 2015/16, one with Villarreal in 2020/21 and this one - making him the most successful coach in the competition's history. He had also been a losing finalist, with Arsenal in 2018/19. [confidence 0.95; sources: 2025/26 Europa League - Meet the winners (UEFA, 20 May 2026, by John Atkin); 2026 UEFA Europa League final - where is it, who is involved, how to watch (UEFA, 20 May 2026)] - Villa's route: second in the league phase with seven wins from eight, then 3-0 on aggregate against Lille in the round of 16, 7-1 against Bologna in the quarter-finals, and 4-1 against Nottingham Forest in the semi-finals, a 1-0 first-leg defeat overturned by a 4-0 win in Birmingham. [confidence 0.94; sources: 2025/26 Europa League - Meet the winners (UEFA, 20 May 2026, by John Atkin)] - Villa kept nine clean sheets in the competition, playing the 4-2-3-1 Emery has used since arriving at Villa Park in November 2022, with Emiliano Martinez and Ezri Konsa prominent in defence and Morgan Rogers, Youri Tielemans and John McGinn creating. McGinn and Ollie Watkins each scored five goals in the competition, and McGinn assisted Emiliano Buendia for Villa's second goal in the final. [confidence 0.93; sources: 2025/26 Europa League - Meet the winners (UEFA, 20 May 2026, by John Atkin)] - Neither UEFA page read for this object gives the full scoring sequence of the final: the winners feature names only Buendia's second goal and its assist, so the other two scorers and all the minutes are not asserted here. [confidence 0.92; sources: 2025/26 Europa League - Meet the winners (UEFA, 20 May 2026, by John Atkin)] - The match was the 55th edition of the competition and the 17th since it was renamed the UEFA Europa League. Besiktas Park, on the north side of the Bosphorus, holds around 40,000 and had previously staged the 2019 UEFA Super Cup. The 2027 final is scheduled for the Frankfurt Arena. [confidence 0.94; sources: 2026 UEFA Europa League final - where is it, who is involved, how to watch (UEFA, 20 May 2026)] ## UEFA Cup / Europa League titles by club (through 2026) - id: europa-league-titles-by-club · type: entity · evidence_tier: primary · confidence: 0.95 · last_verified: 2026-08-09 - canonical: https://futbolatlas.app/k/europa-league-titles-by-club · api: https://futbolatlas.app/api/k/europa-league-titles-by-club.json Thirty-one clubs from 11 nations have won the UEFA Cup or Europa League across its 55 seasons. Sevilla lead on seven, more than double the three shared by Inter, Liverpool, Juventus, Atletico Madrid and Tottenham. Aston Villa are the newest name, as 2026 winners. Claims: - The UEFA Cup and UEFA Europa League have been won by 31 clubs from 11 different nations over 55 seasons, with Sevilla the most successful on seven titles. [confidence 0.96; sources: Which teams have won the Europa League? (UEFA, updated 1 Jun 2026)] - The club table is: Sevilla 7; Inter, Liverpool, Juventus, Atletico Madrid and Tottenham 3 each; Borussia Monchengladbach, Feyenoord, IFK Goteborg, Real Madrid, Parma, Porto, Chelsea and Eintracht Frankfurt 2 each; and one apiece for Anderlecht, Ajax, Aston Villa, Manchester United, PSV Eindhoven, Ipswich Town, Leverkusen, Napoli, Bayern Munich, Schalke, Galatasaray, Valencia, CSKA Moskva, Zenit, Shakhtar Donetsk, Villarreal and Atalanta. [confidence 0.95; sources: Which teams have won the Europa League? (UEFA, updated 1 Jun 2026)] - By nation: Spain 14 from five clubs, England 11 from six, Italy 10 from five, Germany 7 from five, the Netherlands 4 from three, Portugal 2 from one club, Russia 2 from two, Sweden 2 from one, and one each for Belgium, Ukraine and Turkiye. [confidence 0.95; sources: Which teams have won the Europa League? (UEFA, updated 1 Jun 2026)] - Both of UEFA's tables reconcile against each other and against the competition's history: the club totals and the nation totals each sum to 55 titles for 55 seasons, and the club list contains exactly the 31 names it claims. [confidence 0.94; sources: Which teams have won the Europa League? (UEFA, updated 1 Jun 2026)] - Aston Villa are the newest name on the list, having won the 2026 final, and Sevilla's seven remain more than double the total of any other club. [confidence 0.95; sources: Which teams have won the Europa League? (UEFA, updated 1 Jun 2026)] ## Handball - id: handball · type: glossary · evidence_tier: primary · confidence: 0.94 · last_verified: 2026-08-08 - canonical: https://futbolatlas.app/k/handball · api: https://futbolatlas.app/api/k/handball.json Handball is the Law 12 offence of touching the ball with the hand or arm: deliberately, with a hand/arm position that makes the body unnaturally bigger, or when scoring directly or immediately after a touch, even if accidental. Goalkeepers are exempt inside their own penalty area. Claims: - It is a handball offence to deliberately touch the ball with the hand or arm (for example moving the hand or arm towards the ball) or to touch it with a hand or arm that has made the body unnaturally bigger. [confidence 0.96; sources: Law 12 — Fouls and Misconduct (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] - Accidental handball is an offence only for a scorer: it is an offence to score in the opponents' goal directly from one's own hand or arm, or immediately after the ball has touched one's own hand or arm, even if accidental. Accidental handball by a team-mate in the build-up is not, by itself, an offence in the current Laws. [confidence 0.93; sources: Law 12 — Fouls and Misconduct (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] - Goalkeepers are exempt from the handball offence inside their own penalty area. [confidence 0.96; sources: Law 12 — Fouls and Misconduct (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] ## Common handball misconceptions - id: handball-misconceptions · type: faq · evidence_tier: primary · confidence: 0.94 · last_verified: 2026-08-08 - canonical: https://futbolatlas.app/k/handball-misconceptions · api: https://futbolatlas.app/api/k/handball-misconceptions.json Answers to the handball arguments fans actually have, each checked against the 2026/27 text of Law 12: ball-to-hand is not automatically a foul, the box changes nothing by itself, accidental handball only matters for scorers, shoulders are legal, and goalkeepers are only partly exempt. Claims: - Ball-to-hand contact is an offence only if the touch was deliberate, or the hand or arm had made the body unnaturally bigger, or the toucher scores directly or immediately afterwards; other contact is not an offence. [confidence 0.94; sources: Law 12 — Fouls and Misconduct (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] - Being inside the penalty area does not change the handball criteria; it only changes the restart (penalty kick instead of direct free kick) when an offence by the defending team occurs there. [confidence 0.94; sources: Law 12 — Fouls and Misconduct (Laws of the Game 2026/27); Law 14 — The Penalty Kick (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] - Accidental handball is an offence only when the player who touched the ball scores directly or immediately afterwards. [confidence 0.93; sources: Law 12 — Fouls and Misconduct (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] - The upper boundary of the arm is in line with the bottom of the armpit; contact above it (the shoulder) is not handball. [confidence 0.95; sources: Law 12 — Fouls and Misconduct (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] - Goalkeepers commit handball like any other player outside their own penalty area, and handling a deliberate back-pass or throw-in from a team-mate inside the area is an indirect free kick offence. [confidence 0.94; sources: Law 12 — Fouls and Misconduct (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] # Common handball misconceptions **"It touched his hand, so it's a foul."** No. The touch must be deliberate, or the arm must have made the body unnaturally bigger, or the toucher must score from it. Anything else is play on. **"It was in the box, so it's a penalty."** The box changes the restart, not the criteria. A touch that is not an offence outside the area is not an offence inside it either. **"It was accidental, so it can't be an offence."** Usually true — except for the scorer. A goal scored directly from the scorer's hand or arm, or immediately after it touched them, is disallowed even when accidental. **"Shoulder counts as handball."** No. The arm ends in line with the bottom of the armpit; above that is shoulder, and shoulder is legal. **"The goalkeeper can't commit handball."** Only inside their own penalty area in open play. Outside the area the goalkeeper is an outfield player for handball purposes, and handling a deliberate back-pass inside the area is an indirect free kick offence. ## How a penalty shoot-out actually works - id: how-a-penalty-shootout-works · type: guide · evidence_tier: primary · confidence: 0.93 · last_verified: 2026-08-08 - canonical: https://futbolatlas.app/k/how-a-penalty-shootout-works · api: https://futbolatlas.app/api/k/how-a-penalty-shootout-works.json Kicks from the penalty mark under the 2026/27 Laws, in procedure order: who is eligible, the two coin tosses, reduce-to-equate, the alternating kicks and early finish, sudden death, and how Law 14 applies during the shoot-out. Claims: - Only players on the field of play, or temporarily off it with the referee's permission (injury, equipment adjustment), at the end of the match are eligible; a team with more eligible players than its opponent must reduce to the same number before and during the shoot-out. [confidence 0.94; sources: Law 10 — Determining the Outcome of a Match (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] - The referee tosses a coin to choose the goal (unless conditions or safety dictate) and tosses again for kick order, with the toss winner deciding whether to kick first or second. [confidence 0.92; sources: Law 10 — Determining the Outcome of a Match (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] - Teams alternate kicks for five each, but the shoot-out ends early once one team has scored more goals than the other could reach with its remaining kicks; if level after five, it continues one kick each in sudden death until one team leads after an equal number. [confidence 0.94; sources: Law 10 — Determining the Outcome of a Match (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] - No eligible player takes a second kick until every eligible team-mate has taken a first, and all eligible players except the kicker and the two goalkeepers must remain in the centre circle. [confidence 0.94; sources: Law 10 — Determining the Outcome of a Match (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] - Each kick follows Law 14 mechanics: stationary ball on the mark, forward kick, and the goalkeeper keeping part of one foot touching, in line with, or behind the goal line when the ball is kicked. [confidence 0.93; sources: Law 14 — The Penalty Kick (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] Takeaways: - Only players on the field at the final whistle may kick, and teams reduce to equate. - The shoot-out ends early once the arithmetic is settled. - Sudden death continues one kick each until one side leads after equal kicks. - Each kick follows Law 14, including the goalkeeper one-foot-on-line rule. # How a penalty shoot-out actually works Kicks from the penalty mark are not "penalties until someone misses". They are a procedure with an eligibility gate, two coin tosses, and an arithmetic early exit. ## Who may kick Only players who were on the field at the final whistle — or temporarily off it with the referee's permission, such as for an injury — are eligible. Substituted players are not. If one team finishes with more eligible players (an opponent was sent off, say), it must **reduce to equate**: drop players until both teams have the same number, and tell the referee who was removed. ## Before the first kick The referee tosses a coin twice. The first toss picks the goal (unless safety or pitch conditions decide it). The second picks order: the winning captain chooses whether to kick first or second. Everyone except the current kicker and the two goalkeepers waits in the centre circle. ## The five-kick phase Teams alternate. Five kicks each is the frame, but the shoot-out ends the moment the arithmetic is settled: once a team leads by more goals than the other could still score with its remaining kicks, it is over. 3-0 after three kicks each ends it. ## Sudden death Level after five? One kick each, same order discipline, until one team leads after an equal number of kicks. Nobody kicks twice until every eligible team-mate — goalkeepers included — has kicked once. ## The kick itself Each kick is a Law 14 penalty: ball stationary on the mark, kicked forward, and the goalkeeper must have part of one foot touching, in line with, or behind the goal line when the ball is struck. ## How handball actually works - id: how-handball-actually-works · type: guide · evidence_tier: primary · confidence: 0.94 · last_verified: 2026-08-08 - canonical: https://futbolatlas.app/k/how-handball-actually-works · api: https://futbolatlas.app/api/k/how-handball-actually-works.json A walk through the 2026/27 handball text of Law 12: where the arm legally begins, the two live criteria (deliberate touch, unnaturally bigger), the scorer-only accidental clauses, and the three different goalkeeper situations. Claims: - For handball purposes the upper boundary of the arm is in line with the bottom of the armpit; contact with the shoulder above that line is not a handball offence. [confidence 0.95; sources: Law 12 — Fouls and Misconduct (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] - It is an offence to deliberately touch the ball with the hand or arm, for example moving the hand or arm towards the ball. [confidence 0.96; sources: Law 12 — Fouls and Misconduct (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] - It is an offence to touch the ball with a hand or arm that has made the body unnaturally bigger, meaning the position of the hand or arm is not a consequence of, or justifiable by, the player's body movement for that specific situation. [confidence 0.95; sources: Law 12 — Fouls and Misconduct (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] - A player who scores in the opponents' goal directly from their own hand or arm, or immediately after the ball has touched their own hand or arm, commits an offence even if the touch was accidental; the accidental clauses apply only to the scorer, not to a team-mate in the build-up. [confidence 0.93; sources: Law 12 — Fouls and Misconduct (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] - The goalkeeper is exempt from handball offences inside their own penalty area, but has the same restrictions as any other player outside it. Handling a deliberate back-pass or a throw-in from a team-mate inside the area is punished with an indirect free kick and normally no disciplinary sanction. [confidence 0.94; sources: Law 12 — Fouls and Misconduct (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] Takeaways: - The arm starts below the armpit - ball to shoulder is never handball. - An offence needs a deliberate touch or an unnaturally bigger body position. - Accidental handball only matters when the toucher immediately scores. - Goalkeepers are exempt only inside their own penalty area. # How handball actually works Not every ball-to-hand contact is an offence. Law 12 defines a short list of situations that are; everything else is play on. Work through them in order. ## Step 0 - Is it even the arm? For handball purposes the arm ends where the armpit begins: the upper boundary of the arm is in line with the bottom of the armpit. Ball to shoulder is not handball, however loud the appeal. ## Step 1 - Was the touch deliberate? Deliberately touching the ball with the hand or arm — for example moving the hand or arm towards the ball — is always an offence, anywhere on the pitch, for any outfield player. ## Step 2 - Did the arm make the body unnaturally bigger? Even an unintended touch is an offence when the hand or arm has made the body unnaturally bigger. The test is written into the Law: is the hand or arm position a consequence of, or justifiable by, the player's body movement for that specific situation? A hand planted for balance in a slide may be justifiable; an arm extended away from the body at shoulder height usually is not. ## Step 3 - Did the toucher score? The strictest rule is reserved for scorers. A goal scored directly from the scorer's own hand or arm, or immediately after the ball touched it, is disallowed even if the contact was purely accidental. This applies only to the player who scores: an accidental touch by a team-mate earlier in the move is not, by itself, an offence. ## The goalkeeper's three situations 1. **Inside their own penalty area, in normal play** — exempt from handball offences entirely. 2. **Outside the penalty area** — the same restrictions as every other player. 3. **Inside the area, after a deliberate kicked back-pass or a throw-in from a team-mate** — handling is an offence punished with an indirect free kick, normally with no card. ## What it is not If the touch was not deliberate, the arm was in a justifiable position, and the toucher did not immediately score, there is no offence — whatever the crowd, the commentator or the defender's raised arm suggest. ## How offside actually works - id: how-offside-actually-works · type: guide · evidence_tier: primary · confidence: 0.95 · last_verified: 2026-08-08 - canonical: https://futbolatlas.app/k/how-offside-actually-works · api: https://futbolatlas.app/api/k/how-offside-actually-works.json A step-by-step walk through Law 11 as published in the 2026/27 Laws of the Game: what an offside position is, why position alone is never an offence, the three forms of active involvement, the exempt restarts, and how the offence is sanctioned. Claims: - Offside position is judged at the moment the ball is played or touched by a team-mate, not when the receiving player touches it. [confidence 0.96; sources: Law 11 — Offside (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] - A player is in an offside position when any part of the head, body or feet is in the opponents' half (excluding the halfway line) and nearer to the opponents' goal line than both the ball and the second-last opponent; hands and arms of all players, including goalkeepers, are excluded. [confidence 0.97; sources: Law 11 — Offside (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] - The offence requires active involvement: interfering with play, interfering with an opponent, or gaining an advantage from a rebound or deflection off a post, crossbar, match official or opponent, or from a deliberate save. [confidence 0.96; sources: Law 11 — Offside (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] - There is no offside offence from a goal kick, throw-in or corner kick, and the sanction for an offence is an indirect free kick where the offence occurred. [confidence 0.97; sources: Law 11 — Offside (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] - In VAR competitions, offside position is a factual decision that may be resolved by a VAR-only review, without the referee viewing the footage at the screen. [confidence 0.92; sources: Video Assistant Referee (VAR) protocol (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] - A deliberate play by an opponent (control of the ball with the possibility of passing, gaining possession or clearing) resets offside for a positioned receiver, but a deliberate save - stopping or attempting to stop a ball going into or very close to the goal - does not. [confidence 0.94; sources: Law 11 — Offside (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] Takeaways: - Offside is judged when the ball is played by a team-mate, not when it is received. - Position alone is never an offence - active involvement is required. - Level with the second-last opponent is onside, and arms never count. - A deliberate defensive play resets offside; a deliberate save does not. - There is no offside directly from throw-ins, corners or goal kicks. # How offside actually works Offside is applied as a sequence of questions, in order. Position first, involvement second, sanction last. Miss the order and you get the folk version of the rule wrong. ## Step 1 - Freeze the moment Everything is judged at the moment the ball is played or touched by a team-mate — not when the pass arrives. A player who is level when the ball is struck and two metres beyond the defence when receiving it is onside. ## Step 2 - Is the player in an offside position? A player is in an offside position when: - any part of the head, body or feet is in the opponents' half (the halfway line itself does not count), and - that part is nearer to the opponents' goal line than both the ball and the second-last opponent (the last opponent is usually, but not necessarily, the goalkeeper). Hands and arms are excluded for every player, including the goalkeepers. A player level with the second-last opponent, or with the last two opponents, is not in an offside position. ## Step 3 - Did the player become actively involved? Being in an offside position is not an offence. The offence happens only if the positioned player becomes involved in active play by: 1. **Interfering with play** — playing or touching a ball passed or touched by a team-mate. 2. **Interfering with an opponent** — for example blocking the line of vision, challenging for the ball, or making an obvious action that clearly impacts an opponent's ability to play the ball. 3. **Gaining an advantage** — playing a ball that rebounds or deflects off the goalpost, crossbar, a match official or an opponent, or that was deliberately saved by any opponent. ## Step 3b - Did a defender deliberately play the ball? The clause that decides most modern controversies: a positioned attacker who receives the ball from an opponent who **deliberately played** it — including by deliberate handball — has not gained an advantage, and is not offside. Deliberate play means the defender had control of the situation: the possibility of passing, gaining possession, or clearing the ball. The Law's own indicators include a ball travelling from distance in clear view, moving slowly, arriving from an expected direction, and time to coordinate a non-instinctive movement. The exception inside the exception: a **deliberate save** — stopping or attempting to stop a ball going into or very close to the goal, by any opponent, not just the goalkeeper — does *not* reset offside. ## Step 4 - Check the restart exemptions There is no offside offence when the ball is received directly from a goal kick, a throw-in or a corner kick. "Directly" matters: a flick-on by a team-mate re-opens Law 11. ## Step 5 - Sanction The referee awards an indirect free kick where the offence occurred — which can be in the offending player's own half. ## Where VAR fits In competitions using VAR, offside position is a factual matter: the VAR can check it and the decision can be corrected without the referee going to the screen, unlike subjective judgements such as interference with an opponent. ## How the 48-team World Cup works - id: how-the-48-team-world-cup-works · type: guide · evidence_tier: primary · confidence: 0.95 · last_verified: 2026-08-08 - canonical: https://futbolatlas.app/k/how-the-48-team-world-cup-works · api: https://futbolatlas.app/api/k/how-the-48-team-world-cup-works.json The format introduced at the 2026 World Cup, from FIFA's own explanation: 12 groups of four, a new round of 32 fed by the top two of each group plus the eight best third-placed teams, 104 matches, and eight games for the champion. Claims: - The 48-team World Cup uses 12 groups of four; the top two teams in each group, plus the eight best third-placed teams, advance to a round of 32. [confidence 0.96; sources: How the FIFA World Cup 26 will work with 48 teams (FIFA, 1 Mar 2023)] - The format produces 104 matches, 40 more than the 32-team editions, and the champion plays eight games, one more than at Qatar 2022, because of the additional round of 32. [confidence 0.96; sources: How the FIFA World Cup 26 will work with 48 teams (FIFA, 1 Mar 2023)] - FIFA chose 12 groups of four over 16 groups of three after a review that weighed team and fan experience, player welfare and sporting integrity. [confidence 0.94; sources: How the FIFA World Cup 26 will work with 48 teams (FIFA, 1 Mar 2023)] - At the 2026 edition the format was used with 48 teams across 16 host cities in Canada, Mexico and the USA, from 11 June to 19 July 2026. [confidence 0.96; sources: How the FIFA World Cup 26 will work with 48 teams (FIFA, 1 Mar 2023); FIFA World Cup 2026 by the numbers (FIFA media release)] Takeaways: - Twelve groups of four feed a new round of 32. - The top two per group advance plus the eight best third-placed teams. - The champion now plays eight matches and the tournament has 104. - FIFA rejected 16 groups of three over sporting integrity and welfare concerns. # How the 48-team World Cup works The 2026 edition retired the 32-team format used from 1998 to 2022. Here is the machinery that replaced it, as FIFA designed it. ## The group stage: 12 x 4 Forty-eight teams are drawn into **12 groups of four** (A through L). Each team plays three group games. FIFA considered 16 groups of three and rejected it after weighing team and fan experience, player welfare and sporting integrity — with four-team groups, every side keeps a final group game with something at stake. ## Who advances: 32 from 48 The **top two of each group** go through (24 teams), joined by the **eight best third-placed teams** (8 more), producing a knockout bracket of 32. This is the format's biggest structural novelty: a whole new knockout round. ## The knockout: five rounds Round of 32, round of 16, quarter-finals, semi-finals, final — plus the bronze final for the beaten semi-finalists. The champion therefore plays **eight matches** (three group, five knockout), one more than under the old format. ## The totals 104 matches over 39 days — 40 matches more than Qatar 2022. In 2026 the format debuted across 16 host cities in Canada, Mexico and the United States, from 11 June to 19 July. ## Did it work? The 2026 running of the format produced 308 goals and a first-time champion's path that included surviving a group-stage shock: winners Spain opened with a goalless draw against Cabo Verde before winning their remaining seven matches. ## Indirect free kick - id: indirect-free-kick · type: glossary · evidence_tier: primary · confidence: 0.94 · last_verified: 2026-08-08 - canonical: https://futbolatlas.app/k/indirect-free-kick · api: https://futbolatlas.app/api/k/indirect-free-kick.json An indirect free kick is a free kick from which a goal can only be scored if another player of either team touches the ball after it is kicked; the referee signals it with a raised arm. Claims: - An indirect free kick is a free kick from which a goal can only be scored if another player, of either team, touches the ball after it has been kicked. [confidence 0.96; sources: Glossary — Football Terms (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] - If an indirect free kick enters the opponents' goal without touching another player, the restart is a goal kick; the referee indicates an indirect free kick by raising an arm above the head until the kick is taken and the ball touches another player or goes out of play. [confidence 0.95; sources: Law 13 — Free Kicks (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] - Typical indirect free kick offences include offside, playing in a dangerous manner, impeding without contact, and goalkeeper handling offences such as the back-pass rule. [confidence 0.93; sources: Law 11 — Offside (Laws of the Game 2026/27); Law 12 — Fouls and Misconduct (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] ## FIFA Intercontinental Cup 2025 (champions - Paris Saint-Germain) - id: intercontinental-cup-2025 · type: entity · evidence_tier: primary · confidence: 0.95 · last_verified: 2026-08-08 - canonical: https://futbolatlas.app/k/intercontinental-cup-2025 · api: https://futbolatlas.app/api/k/intercontinental-cup-2025.json The 2025 Intercontinental Cup final at the Ahmad bin Ali Stadium in Qatar on 17 December 2025 ended Paris Saint-Germain 1-1 Flamengo, PSG winning the shoot-out 2-1 with Matvei Safonov saving four consecutive kicks - closing PSG's 2025 of a domestic double, a first Champions League and this world title. Claims: - Paris Saint-Germain beat Flamengo 2-1 on penalties after a 1-1 draw in the FIFA Intercontinental Cup 2025 final at the Ahmad bin Ali Stadium in Qatar on 17 December 2025; Khvicha Kvaratskhelia scored (38th) and Jorginho equalised from the spot (62nd). [confidence 0.95; sources: PSG topple Flamengo to win FIFA Intercontinental Cup (FIFA.com, 17 Dec 2025)] - Goalkeeper Matvei Safonov saved four consecutive kicks in the shoot-out and was named Player of the Match, sealing a 2025 in which Luis Enrique's side won the domestic double, a first Champions League and this title. [confidence 0.95; sources: PSG topple Flamengo to win FIFA Intercontinental Cup (FIFA.com, 17 Dec 2025)] ## LaLiga 2025/26 (champions - FC Barcelona) - id: laliga-2025-26 · type: entity · evidence_tier: primary · confidence: 0.94 · last_verified: 2026-08-08 - canonical: https://futbolatlas.app/k/laliga-2025-26 · api: https://futbolatlas.app/api/k/laliga-2025-26.json The 2025/26 Spanish LaLiga season ended with FC Barcelona champions for the 29th time, retaining the title under Hansi Flick and sealing it on 10 May 2026 with a 2-0 home Clasico win over Real Madrid, three matches to spare. Claims: - FC Barcelona won LaLiga 2025/26, the 29th league title in the club's history and their second in a row, with Hansi Flick winning the league in each of his first two seasons in charge. [confidence 0.95; sources: Barca LaLiga Champions 2025-2026 (FC Barcelona official site)] - The title was sealed on 10 May 2026 with a 2-0 home win over Real Madrid, with goals from Marcus Rashford and Ferran Torres, three matches before the end of the season. [confidence 0.94; sources: Barca LaLiga Champions 2025-2026 (FC Barcelona official site)] ## Law 1 - The Field of Play - id: law-01-field-of-play · type: entity · evidence_tier: primary · confidence: 0.96 · last_verified: 2026-08-08 - canonical: https://futbolatlas.app/k/law-01-field-of-play · api: https://futbolatlas.app/api/k/law-01-field-of-play.json Law 1 of the IFAB Laws of the Game (2026/27 edition) sets the field dimensions and markings, goal and penalty area measurements, and the conditions for using goal-line technology (GLT). Claims: - The touchline must be between 90 m (100 yds) and 120 m (130 yds) and the goal line between 45 m (50 yds) and 90 m (100 yds); for international matches the touchline must be 100-110 m (110-120 yds) and the goal line 64-75 m (70-80 yds). [confidence 0.97; sources: Law 1 — The Field of Play (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] - The distance between the inside of the goalposts is 7.32 m (8 yds) and the distance from the lower edge of the crossbar to the ground is 2.44 m (8 ft); goalposts and crossbar must be white and must not exceed 12 cm (5 ins) in width and depth. [confidence 0.97; sources: Law 1 — The Field of Play (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] - The penalty area extends 16.5 m (18 yds) from the inside of each goalpost, and the penalty mark is 11 m (12 yds) from the midpoint between the goalposts. All field markings must be of the same width, not more than 12 cm (5 ins). [confidence 0.97; sources: Law 1 — The Field of Play (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] - Goal-line technology applies solely to the goal line, is used only to determine whether a goal has been scored, and must communicate its indication within one second, only to the match officials. [confidence 0.95; sources: Law 1 — The Field of Play (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] - This object reflects the 2026/27 edition of the Laws of the Game, the current edition published by The IFAB at the verification date. [confidence 0.98; sources: IFAB Laws of the Game — editions index (current edition 2026/27); Law 1 — The Field of Play (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] ## Law 2 - The Ball - id: law-02-the-ball · type: entity · evidence_tier: primary · confidence: 0.95 · last_verified: 2026-08-08 - canonical: https://futbolatlas.app/k/law-02-the-ball · api: https://futbolatlas.app/api/k/law-02-the-ball.json Law 2 of the IFAB Laws of the Game (2026/27 edition) fixes the ball's qualities and measurements (circumference, weight, pressure), the quality marks required in official competitions, and the procedure when the ball becomes defective during play or a restart. Claims: - The ball must be spherical, with a circumference of between 68 cm (27 ins) and 70 cm (28 ins), a weight between 410 g (14 oz) and 450 g (16 oz) at the start of the match, and a pressure equal to 0.6-1.1 atmosphere (600-1,100 g/cm2) at sea level. [confidence 0.97; sources: Law 2 — The Ball (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] - Balls used in matches of official competitions organised under FIFA or the confederations must carry a FIFA Quality Programme mark certifying the technical requirements. [confidence 0.93; sources: Law 2 — The Ball (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] - If the ball becomes defective during play, the referee stops the match and restarts with a dropped ball; if it becomes defective at a restart (kick-off, goal kick, corner kick, free kick, penalty kick or throw-in), the restart is retaken. [confidence 0.95; sources: Law 2 — The Ball (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] - If the ball bursts or becomes defective during a penalty kick or a kick from the penalty mark before it has touched a player, the goalposts or the crossbar, the kick is retaken. [confidence 0.93; sources: Law 2 — The Ball (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] - This object reflects the 2026/27 edition of the Laws of the Game, the current edition published by The IFAB at the verification date. [confidence 0.98; sources: IFAB Laws of the Game — editions index (current edition 2026/27); Law 2 — The Ball (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] ## Law 3 - The Players - id: law-03-players · type: entity · evidence_tier: primary · confidence: 0.94 · last_verified: 2026-08-08 - canonical: https://futbolatlas.app/k/law-03-players · api: https://futbolatlas.app/api/k/law-03-players.json Law 3 of the IFAB Laws of the Game (2026/27 edition) fixes team sizes, the minimum number of players for a match to start or continue, and the substitution rules for official competitions, including the five-substitute allowance and return substitutes in grassroots football. Claims: - A match is played by two teams, each with a maximum of eleven players, one of whom must be the goalkeeper. A match may not start or continue if either team has fewer than seven players. [confidence 0.97; sources: Law 3 — The Players (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] - In official competitions organised under FIFA, the confederations or the national football associations, top-level competitions may permit the use of up to five substitutes, with each team having a maximum of three substitution opportunities during the match plus an additional opportunity at half-time. [confidence 0.94; sources: Law 3 — The Players (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] - Where competition rules allow extra time, unused substitutes and substitution opportunities carry over, and an additional substitution opportunity may be permitted in extra time. [confidence 0.93; sources: Law 3 — The Players (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] - A player being substituted must leave the field by the nearest point on the boundary line unless the referee indicates otherwise, and the substitute enters at the halfway line, during a stoppage in play, after the player being replaced has left. [confidence 0.94; sources: Law 3 — The Players (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] - Return substitutions are only permitted in youth, veterans, disability and grassroots football, subject to the agreement of the national football association, confederation or FIFA. [confidence 0.95; sources: Law 3 — The Players (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] - New in 2026/27: a player being substituted must be off the field of play within ten seconds of the substitution board being shown; otherwise the replacement may not enter until the first stoppage after one minute has elapsed. [confidence 0.92; sources: Law changes 2026/27 — changes and clarifications (IFAB); Law 3 — The Players (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] - New in 2026/27: senior 'A' international friendly matches allow a maximum of eight substitutes, or up to eleven if both teams agree, within three substitution opportunities per team. [confidence 0.92; sources: Law changes 2026/27 — changes and clarifications (IFAB)] - This object reflects the 2026/27 edition of the Laws of the Game, the current edition published by The IFAB at the verification date. [confidence 0.98; sources: IFAB Laws of the Game — editions index (current edition 2026/27); Law 3 — The Players (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] ## Law 4 - The Players' Equipment - id: law-04-players-equipment · type: entity · evidence_tier: primary · confidence: 0.94 · last_verified: 2026-08-08 - canonical: https://futbolatlas.app/k/law-04-players-equipment · api: https://futbolatlas.app/api/k/law-04-players-equipment.json Law 4 of the IFAB Laws of the Game (2026/27 edition) lists the compulsory equipment (sleeved shirt, shorts, socks, shinguards, footwear), bans all jewellery, regulates undershirt and undershorts colours and electronic tracking systems, and sets the sanctions for infringements. Claims: - The compulsory equipment of a player comprises a sleeved shirt, shorts, socks, shinguards and footwear. [confidence 0.96; sources: Law 4 — The Players' Equipment (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] - All items of jewellery (necklaces, rings, bracelets, earrings, leather or rubber bands, etc.) are forbidden and must be removed; using tape to cover jewellery is not permitted. A player who refuses to comply or wears an item again must be cautioned. [confidence 0.95; sources: Law 4 — The Players' Equipment (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] - Undershirts must be a single colour matching the main colour of the shirt sleeve or a pattern replicating it; undershorts must match the main colour of the shorts or the lowest part of the shorts, and players of the same team must wear the same colour. [confidence 0.93; sources: Law 4 — The Players' Equipment (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] - A player whose footwear or shinguard is lost accidentally must replace it as soon as possible and no later than when the ball next goes out of play; if before doing so the player plays the ball or scores, the goal is awarded. [confidence 0.94; sources: Law 4 — The Players' Equipment (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] - Where electronic performance and tracking systems (EPTS) are worn in official competitions, the competition organiser must ensure the equipment is not dangerous and meets the applicable FIFA Quality Programme standard. [confidence 0.92; sources: Law 4 — The Players' Equipment (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] - A player with unauthorised equipment is instructed to leave the field to correct it; re-entering without the required permission is sanctioned with a caution. [confidence 0.93; sources: Law 4 — The Players' Equipment (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] - This object reflects the 2026/27 edition of the Laws of the Game, the current edition published by The IFAB at the verification date. [confidence 0.98; sources: IFAB Laws of the Game — editions index (current edition 2026/27); Law 4 — The Players' Equipment (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] ## Law 5 - The Referee - id: law-05-referee · type: entity · evidence_tier: primary · confidence: 0.95 · last_verified: 2026-08-08 - canonical: https://futbolatlas.app/k/law-05-referee · api: https://futbolatlas.app/api/k/law-05-referee.json Law 5 of the IFAB Laws of the Game (2026/27 edition) establishes the referee's full authority, the finality of decisions on facts of play, the narrow conditions for changing a decision, and the referee's powers and duties including advantage, discipline and video review. Claims: - Each match is controlled by a referee who has full authority to enforce the Laws of the Game in connection with the match. Decisions of the referee regarding facts connected with play, including whether or not a goal is scored and the result of the match, are final. [confidence 0.97; sources: Law 5 — The Referee (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] - The referee may not change a restart decision on realising it is incorrect, or on the advice of another match official, if play has restarted or the referee has signalled the end of the first or second half (including extra time) and left the field of play, or has terminated the match. [confidence 0.93; sources: Law 5 — The Referee (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] - The referee allows play to continue (advantage) when an offence occurs and the non-offending team benefits from the advantage, and penalises the offence if the anticipated advantage does not ensue within a few seconds. [confidence 0.95; sources: Law 5 — The Referee (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] - The referee acts as timekeeper, keeps a record of the match, supervises restarts, and takes disciplinary action against players guilty of cautionable and sending-off offences. [confidence 0.95; sources: Law 5 — The Referee (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] - The referee may be assisted by a video assistant referee only in the event of a clear and obvious error or a serious missed incident within the reviewable categories of the VAR protocol, and always takes the final decision. [confidence 0.95; sources: Law 5 — The Referee (Laws of the Game 2026/27); Video Assistant Referee (VAR) protocol (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] - New in 2026/27: an injured player who receives on-field treatment must leave the field and may not return until one minute after play has restarted, with limited exceptions; and competitions may permit referee body cameras where the organiser supplies the cameras and controls the footage. [confidence 0.9; sources: Law changes 2026/27 — changes and clarifications (IFAB)] - This object reflects the 2026/27 edition of the Laws of the Game, the current edition published by The IFAB at the verification date. [confidence 0.98; sources: IFAB Laws of the Game — editions index (current edition 2026/27); Law 5 — The Referee (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] ## Law 6 - The Other Match Officials - id: law-06-other-match-officials · type: entity · evidence_tier: primary · confidence: 0.95 · last_verified: 2026-08-08 - canonical: https://futbolatlas.app/k/law-06-other-match-officials · api: https://futbolatlas.app/api/k/law-06-other-match-officials.json Law 6 of the IFAB Laws of the Game (2026/27 edition) lists the match officials who may assist the referee — assistant referees, fourth official, additional assistant referees, reserve assistant referee, VAR and AVAR — their signalling duties, and the principle that the final decision always belongs to the referee. Claims: - A match may have two assistant referees, a fourth official, two additional assistant referees, a reserve assistant referee, a video assistant referee (VAR) and at least one assistant VAR (AVAR); they assist the referee in controlling the match in accordance with the Laws, but the final decision is always taken by the referee. [confidence 0.95; sources: Law 6 — The Other Match Officials (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] - Assistant referees indicate when the whole of the ball leaves the field of play and which team is entitled to the corner kick, goal kick or throw-in; when a player in an offside position may be penalised; when a substitution is requested; and, at penalty kicks, whether the goalkeeper moves off the goal line before the ball is kicked. [confidence 0.95; sources: Law 6 — The Other Match Officials (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] - The fourth official supervises substitution procedures, checks equipment and player re-entry, supervises replacement balls, indicates the minimum additional time the referee intends to play, and informs the referee of irresponsible behaviour by technical area occupants. [confidence 0.94; sources: Law 6 — The Other Match Officials (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] - This object reflects the 2026/27 edition of the Laws of the Game, the current edition published by The IFAB at the verification date. [confidence 0.98; sources: IFAB Laws of the Game — editions index (current edition 2026/27); Law 6 — The Other Match Officials (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] ## Law 7 - The Duration of the Match - id: law-07-duration-of-the-match · type: entity · evidence_tier: primary · confidence: 0.95 · last_verified: 2026-08-08 - canonical: https://futbolatlas.app/k/law-07-duration-of-the-match · api: https://futbolatlas.app/api/k/law-07-duration-of-the-match.json Law 7 of the IFAB Laws of the Game (2026/27 edition) fixes the two halves of 45 minutes, the half-time interval, the categories of time the referee must allow for, and the extension of a half for a penalty kick. Claims: - A match lasts two equal halves of 45 minutes, which may only be reduced if agreed between the referee and the two teams before the start of the match and if in accordance with competition rules. [confidence 0.97; sources: Law 7 — The Duration of the Match (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] - Players are entitled to a half-time interval not exceeding 15 minutes; a short drinks break of not more than one minute is permitted at the interval of half-time in extra time. [confidence 0.95; sources: Law 7 — The Duration of the Match (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] - The referee makes allowance in each half for all playing time lost through substitutions, assessment and removal of injured players, time-wasting, disciplinary sanctions, medical stoppages such as drinks breaks (maximum one minute) and cooling breaks (ninety seconds to three minutes), goal celebrations, VAR checks and reviews, and any other cause that significantly delays restarting play. [confidence 0.95; sources: Law 7 — The Duration of the Match (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] - The fourth official indicates the minimum additional time decided by the referee at the end of the final minute of each half; the referee may increase this allowance but not reduce it. [confidence 0.95; sources: Law 7 — The Duration of the Match (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] - If a penalty kick has to be taken or retaken, the half is extended until the penalty kick is completed. [confidence 0.97; sources: Law 7 — The Duration of the Match (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] - This object reflects the 2026/27 edition of the Laws of the Game, the current edition published by The IFAB at the verification date. [confidence 0.98; sources: IFAB Laws of the Game — editions index (current edition 2026/27); Law 7 — The Duration of the Match (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] ## Law 8 - The Start and Restart of Play - id: law-08-start-and-restart · type: entity · evidence_tier: primary · confidence: 0.94 · last_verified: 2026-08-08 - canonical: https://futbolatlas.app/k/law-08-start-and-restart · api: https://futbolatlas.app/api/k/law-08-start-and-restart.json Law 8 of the IFAB Laws of the Game (2026/27 edition) covers the kick-off (coin toss, positions, ball in play, scoring directly) and the dropped ball (who receives it, where, and its restrictions). Claims: - Before the kick-off the referee tosses a coin; the team that wins the toss decides which goal to attack in the first half or to take the kick-off. [confidence 0.95; sources: Law 8 — The Start and Restart of Play (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] - At a kick-off all players except the kicker must be in their own half, opponents must be at least 9.15 m (10 yds) from the ball, the ball must be stationary on the centre mark, and the ball is in play when it is kicked and clearly moves. [confidence 0.96; sources: Law 8 — The Start and Restart of Play (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] - A goal may be scored directly against the opponents from the kick-off; if the ball directly enters the kicker's own goal, a corner kick is awarded to the opponents. [confidence 0.96; sources: Law 8 — The Start and Restart of Play (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] - A dropped ball is dropped for the defending goalkeeper in their penalty area if play was stopped there; otherwise it is dropped for one player of the team that has or would have retained or gained possession (including from the restart, if the ball would have gone out of play), clarified in the 2026/27 edition. All other players of both teams must remain at least 4 m (4.5 yds) away until the ball is in play; the ball is in play when it touches the ground. [confidence 0.92; sources: Law 8 — The Start and Restart of Play (Laws of the Game 2026/27); Law changes 2026/27 — changes and clarifications (IFAB)] - A goal may not be scored from a dropped ball until it has touched at least two players; if the ball enters a goal without two touches, the restart is a goal kick or corner kick. [confidence 0.92; sources: Law 8 — The Start and Restart of Play (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] - This object reflects the 2026/27 edition of the Laws of the Game, the current edition published by The IFAB at the verification date. [confidence 0.98; sources: IFAB Laws of the Game — editions index (current edition 2026/27); Law 8 — The Start and Restart of Play (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] ## Law 9 - The Ball In and Out of Play - id: law-09-ball-in-and-out-of-play · type: entity · evidence_tier: primary · confidence: 0.95 · last_verified: 2026-08-08 - canonical: https://futbolatlas.app/k/law-09-ball-in-and-out-of-play · api: https://futbolatlas.app/api/k/law-09-ball-in-and-out-of-play.json Law 9 of the IFAB Laws of the Game (2026/27 edition) defines when the ball is out of play, including the specific cases where touching a match official puts it out (promising attack, direct goal, change of possession), and confirms the ball stays in play off posts, crossbar and corner flagposts. Claims: - The ball is out of play when it has wholly passed over the goal line or touchline, on the ground or in the air, or when play has been stopped by the referee. [confidence 0.97; sources: Law 9 — The Ball In and Out of Play (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] - The ball is also out of play when it touches a match official, remains on the field of play, and: a team starts a promising attack, or the ball goes directly into the goal, or the team in possession changes. In all these cases play is restarted with a dropped ball. [confidence 0.95; sources: Law 9 — The Ball In and Out of Play (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] - The ball is in play at all other times, including when it rebounds off a goalpost, crossbar or corner flagpost and remains on the field, and when it touches a match official without any of the dropped-ball conditions applying. [confidence 0.95; sources: Law 9 — The Ball In and Out of Play (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] - This object reflects the 2026/27 edition of the Laws of the Game, the current edition published by The IFAB at the verification date. [confidence 0.98; sources: IFAB Laws of the Game — editions index (current edition 2026/27); Law 9 — The Ball In and Out of Play (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] ## Law 10 - Determining the Outcome of a Match - id: law-10-outcome-of-a-match · type: entity · evidence_tier: primary · confidence: 0.94 · last_verified: 2026-08-08 - canonical: https://futbolatlas.app/k/law-10-outcome-of-a-match · api: https://futbolatlas.app/api/k/law-10-outcome-of-a-match.json Law 10 of the IFAB Laws of the Game (2026/27 edition) defines when a goal is scored, how the winner is determined, and the procedure for kicks from the penalty mark (penalty shoot-out), including eligibility, alternation, reduce-to-equate and goalkeeper conduct. Claims: - A goal is scored when the whole of the ball passes over the goal line, between the goalposts and under the crossbar, provided that no offence has been committed by the team scoring the goal. If a goalkeeper throws the ball directly into the opponents' goal, a goal kick is awarded. [confidence 0.97; sources: Law 10 — Determining the Outcome of a Match (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] - The team scoring the greater number of goals is the winner; if both teams score no goals or an equal number, the match is drawn. Competition rules may provide away goals, two equal periods of extra time not exceeding 15 minutes each, or kicks from the penalty mark to determine the winner. [confidence 0.95; sources: Law 10 — Determining the Outcome of a Match (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] - Only players who are on the field of play, or temporarily off the field (injury, adjusting equipment, etc.) at the end of the match, are eligible to take part in kicks from the penalty mark. [confidence 0.95; sources: Law 10 — Determining the Outcome of a Match (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] - Teams alternate kicks; each team takes five unless one has already scored more than the other could with its remaining kicks, and if scores are level after five each, kicks continue in sudden death until one team has scored a goal more from the same number of kicks. No eligible player may take a second kick until all eligible team-mates have taken one. [confidence 0.94; sources: Law 10 — Determining the Outcome of a Match (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] - If one team has more eligible players than its opponents at the start of or during kicks from the penalty mark, it must reduce its numbers to equate with its opponents. All eligible players except the kicker and the two goalkeepers must remain within the centre circle. [confidence 0.94; sources: Law 10 — Determining the Outcome of a Match (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] - Clarified in 2026/27 for kicks from the penalty mark: an accidental double touch by the kicker leads to a retake if the kick scored and is recorded as missed otherwise, and if the goalkeeper and kicker offend simultaneously the kick is recorded as missed. [confidence 0.9; sources: Law changes 2026/27 — changes and clarifications (IFAB); Law 10 — Determining the Outcome of a Match (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] - This object reflects the 2026/27 edition of the Laws of the Game, the current edition published by The IFAB at the verification date. [confidence 0.98; sources: IFAB Laws of the Game — editions index (current edition 2026/27); Law 10 — Determining the Outcome of a Match (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] ## Law 11 - Offside - id: law-11-offside · type: entity · evidence_tier: primary · confidence: 0.96 · last_verified: 2026-08-08 - canonical: https://futbolatlas.app/k/law-11-offside · api: https://futbolatlas.app/api/k/law-11-offside.json Law 11 of the IFAB Laws of the Game (2026/27 edition) defines the offside position, the three ways an offside offence is committed (interfering with play, interfering with an opponent, gaining an advantage), the restarts that can never produce an offside offence, and the indirect free kick sanction. Claims: - A player is in an offside position when any part of the head, body or feet is in the opponents' half (excluding the halfway line) and nearer to the opponents' goal line than both the ball and the second-last opponent. The hands and arms of all players, including goalkeepers, are not considered when judging offside position. [confidence 0.97; sources: Law 11 — Offside (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] - Being in an offside position is not an offence in itself; a player is not in an offside position when level with the second-last opponent or level with the last two opponents. [confidence 0.97; sources: Law 11 — Offside (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] - An offside offence occurs only when a player in an offside position, at the moment the ball is played or touched by a team-mate, becomes involved in active play by interfering with play, interfering with an opponent, or gaining an advantage from a rebound or deflection off the goalpost, crossbar, a match official or an opponent, or from a ball deliberately saved by any opponent. [confidence 0.96; sources: Law 11 — Offside (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] - There is no offside offence when a player receives the ball directly from a goal kick, a throw-in or a corner kick. [confidence 0.98; sources: Law 11 — Offside (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] - The sanction for an offside offence is an indirect free kick where the offence occurred, including if it is in the player's own half of the field of play. [confidence 0.96; sources: Law 11 — Offside (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] - A player in an offside position who receives the ball from an opponent who deliberately played it, including by deliberate handball, is not considered to have gained an advantage - unless the opponent's touch was a deliberate save. Deliberate play requires the opponent to have control, with the possibility of passing, gaining possession or clearing the ball. [confidence 0.94; sources: Law 11 — Offside (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] - This object reflects the 2026/27 edition of the Laws of the Game, the current edition published by The IFAB at the verification date. [confidence 0.98; sources: IFAB Laws of the Game — editions index (current edition 2026/27); Law 11 — Offside (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] ## Law 12 - Fouls and Misconduct - id: law-12-fouls-and-misconduct · type: entity · evidence_tier: primary · confidence: 0.95 · last_verified: 2026-08-08 - canonical: https://futbolatlas.app/k/law-12-fouls-and-misconduct · api: https://futbolatlas.app/api/k/law-12-fouls-and-misconduct.json Law 12 of the IFAB Laws of the Game (2026/27 edition) governs direct and indirect free kick offences, the handball offence, and misconduct: cautions (yellow card) and sending-off offences (red card), including denying an obvious goal-scoring opportunity (DOGSO). Claims: - A direct free kick is awarded when a player charges, jumps at, kicks, pushes, strikes, tackles, trips, holds or impedes an opponent with contact in a manner considered careless, reckless or using excessive force, or bites or spits at someone, or throws an object at the ball, an opponent or a match official. [confidence 0.95; sources: Law 12 — Fouls and Misconduct (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] - Careless means a lack of attention or consideration when making a challenge and requires no disciplinary sanction; reckless means acting with disregard to the danger to, or consequences for, an opponent and must be cautioned; using excessive force exceeds the necessary use of force and must be sanctioned with a sending-off. [confidence 0.96; sources: Law 12 — Fouls and Misconduct (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] - It is a handball offence if a player deliberately touches the ball with their hand or arm (for example moving the hand or arm towards the ball), or touches the ball with a hand or arm that has made their body unnaturally bigger, or scores in the opponents' goal directly from their hand or arm, or immediately after the ball has touched their hand or arm, even if accidental. [confidence 0.96; sources: Law 12 — Fouls and Misconduct (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] - Goalkeepers are exempt from the handball offence inside their own penalty area. [confidence 0.96; sources: Law 12 — Fouls and Misconduct (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] - Indirect free kick offences include playing in a dangerous manner, impeding an opponent without contact, dissent, preventing the goalkeeper from releasing the ball, and initiating a deliberate trick to pass the ball to the goalkeeper to circumvent the back-pass rule. [confidence 0.94; sources: Law 12 — Fouls and Misconduct (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] - Sending-off (red card) offences include serious foul play, violent conduct, biting or spitting, denying an obvious goal-scoring opportunity, offensive, insulting or abusive language or gestures, and receiving a second caution in the same match. [confidence 0.96; sources: Law 12 — Fouls and Misconduct (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] - When a player denies an obvious goal-scoring opportunity with an offence inside their own penalty area and the referee awards a penalty kick, the offender is cautioned (not sent off) if the offence was an attempt to play the ball or a challenge for the ball; in all other circumstances the offender must be sent off. [confidence 0.95; sources: Law 12 — Fouls and Misconduct (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] - New in 2026/27: when advantage is played for a DOGSO offence and the non-offending team scores as a result, there is no disciplinary sanction for the offender; and the DOGSO considerations now include the location and number of defenders and attackers. [confidence 0.9; sources: Law changes 2026/27 — changes and clarifications (IFAB); Law 12 — Fouls and Misconduct (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] - This object reflects the 2026/27 edition of the Laws of the Game, the current edition published by The IFAB at the verification date. [confidence 0.98; sources: IFAB Laws of the Game — editions index (current edition 2026/27); Law 12 — Fouls and Misconduct (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] ## Law 13 - Free Kicks - id: law-13-free-kicks · type: entity · evidence_tier: primary · confidence: 0.95 · last_verified: 2026-08-08 - canonical: https://futbolatlas.app/k/law-13-free-kicks · api: https://futbolatlas.app/api/k/law-13-free-kicks.json Law 13 of the IFAB Laws of the Game (2026/27 edition) distinguishes direct and indirect free kicks, sets the procedure (position, stationary ball, opponent distance, the attacking one-metre wall rule) and what happens when each type of kick goes directly into either goal. Claims: - The referee signals an indirect free kick by raising an arm above the head and maintains the signal until the kick has been taken and the ball touches another player or goes out of play. [confidence 0.95; sources: Law 13 — Free Kicks (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] - A goal may be scored directly from a direct free kick against the opposing team. If an indirect free kick enters the opponents' goal without touching another player, a goal kick is awarded; if a free kick of either type enters the kicker's own goal directly, a corner kick is awarded to the opponents. [confidence 0.96; sources: Law 13 — Free Kicks (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] - The ball must be stationary and opponents must be at least 9.15 m (10 yds) from the ball until it is in play, unless they are on their own goal line between the goalposts. [confidence 0.95; sources: Law 13 — Free Kicks (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] - Where three or more defending players form a wall, all attacking players must remain at least 1 m (1 yd) from the wall until the ball is in play; the sanction for infringement is an indirect free kick. [confidence 0.95; sources: Law 13 — Free Kicks (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] - An indirect free kick awarded to the attacking team for an offence inside the opponents' goal area is taken from the nearest point on the goal area line parallel to the goal line; the defending team may take a free kick in its own goal area from anywhere in that area. [confidence 0.94; sources: Law 13 — Free Kicks (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] - The kicker must not touch the ball again before it has touched another player; doing so is sanctioned with an indirect free kick. [confidence 0.94; sources: Law 13 — Free Kicks (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] - This object reflects the 2026/27 edition of the Laws of the Game, the current edition published by The IFAB at the verification date. [confidence 0.98; sources: IFAB Laws of the Game — editions index (current edition 2026/27); Law 13 — Free Kicks (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] ## Law 14 - The Penalty Kick - id: law-14-penalty-kick · type: entity · evidence_tier: primary · confidence: 0.95 · last_verified: 2026-08-08 - canonical: https://futbolatlas.app/k/law-14-penalty-kick · api: https://futbolatlas.app/api/k/law-14-penalty-kick.json Law 14 of the IFAB Laws of the Game (2026/27 edition) covers when a penalty kick is awarded, positioning of the ball, kicker, goalkeeper and other players, the kicking procedure, and how offences by the kicker, goalkeeper or encroaching players are sanctioned. Claims: - A penalty kick is awarded when a player commits a direct free kick offence inside their own penalty area, or off the field of play as part of play, as outlined in Laws 12 and 13. [confidence 0.95; sources: Law 14 — The Penalty Kick (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] - The ball must be stationary with part of the ball touching or overhanging the centre of the penalty mark, and players other than the kicker and the goalkeeper must be at least 9.15 m (10 yds) from the penalty mark, behind the penalty mark, inside the field of play and outside the penalty area. [confidence 0.96; sources: Law 14 — The Penalty Kick (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] - When the ball is kicked, the defending goalkeeper must have at least part of one foot touching, in line with, or behind, the goal line, and must not behave in a way that unfairly distracts the kicker, such as delaying the kick or touching the goalposts, crossbar or net. [confidence 0.96; sources: Law 14 — The Penalty Kick (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] - The kicker must kick the ball forward; backheeling is permitted provided the ball moves forward. The kicker must not play the ball again until it has touched another player. [confidence 0.96; sources: Law 14 — The Penalty Kick (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] - If the goalkeeper offends and the ball enters the goal, the goal is awarded; the kick is retaken only if the goalkeeper's offence clearly impacted on the kicker. For a first goalkeeper offence the referee warns the goalkeeper; for repeat offences the goalkeeper is cautioned. [confidence 0.93; sources: Law 14 — The Penalty Kick (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] - Clarified in 2026/27: if the kicker accidentally kicks the ball with both feet simultaneously, or the ball touches the non-kicking foot or leg immediately after the kick, and the penalty is scored, the kick is retaken. [confidence 0.91; sources: Law changes 2026/27 — changes and clarifications (IFAB); Law 14 — The Penalty Kick (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] - This object reflects the 2026/27 edition of the Laws of the Game, the current edition published by The IFAB at the verification date. [confidence 0.98; sources: IFAB Laws of the Game — editions index (current edition 2026/27); Law 14 — The Penalty Kick (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] ## Law 15 - The Throw-In - id: law-15-throw-in · type: entity · evidence_tier: primary · confidence: 0.95 · last_verified: 2026-08-08 - canonical: https://futbolatlas.app/k/law-15-throw-in · api: https://futbolatlas.app/api/k/law-15-throw-in.json Law 15 of the IFAB Laws of the Game (2026/27 edition) covers when a throw-in is awarded, the delivery procedure (feet, both hands, from behind and over the head), opponent distance, and why a goal can never be scored directly from a throw-in. Claims: - A throw-in is awarded to the opponents of the player who last touched the ball when the whole of the ball passes over the touchline, on the ground or in the air. [confidence 0.96; sources: Law 15 — The Throw-In (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] - At the moment of delivering the ball, the thrower must stand facing the field of play, have part of each foot on the touchline or on the ground outside the touchline, and throw the ball with both hands from behind and over the head from the point where it left the field of play. [confidence 0.96; sources: Law 15 — The Throw-In (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] - Opponents must stand at least 2 m (2 yds) from the point on the touchline where the throw-in is to be taken. [confidence 0.95; sources: Law 15 — The Throw-In (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] - A goal cannot be scored directly from a throw-in: if the ball enters the opponents' goal, a goal kick is awarded; if it enters the thrower's goal, a corner kick is awarded. There is no offside offence when the ball is received directly from a throw-in. [confidence 0.97; sources: Law 15 — The Throw-In (Laws of the Game 2026/27); Law 11 — Offside (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] - If the throw-in is taken with incorrect procedure, the throw-in is retaken by a player of the opposing team. [confidence 0.93; sources: Law 15 — The Throw-In (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] - New in 2026/27: if a player unfairly delays taking a throw-in, the referee whistles and signals a five-second countdown; if the throw-in is not taken within five seconds, it is awarded to the opposing team. [confidence 0.92; sources: Law changes 2026/27 — changes and clarifications (IFAB); Law 15 — The Throw-In (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] - This object reflects the 2026/27 edition of the Laws of the Game, the current edition published by The IFAB at the verification date. [confidence 0.98; sources: IFAB Laws of the Game — editions index (current edition 2026/27); Law 15 — The Throw-In (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] ## Law 16 - The Goal Kick - id: law-16-goal-kick · type: entity · evidence_tier: primary · confidence: 0.94 · last_verified: 2026-08-08 - canonical: https://futbolatlas.app/k/law-16-goal-kick · api: https://futbolatlas.app/api/k/law-16-goal-kick.json Law 16 of the IFAB Laws of the Game (2026/27 edition) covers when a goal kick is awarded, the procedure (kicked from anywhere in the goal area, opponents outside the penalty area, in play when kicked and clearly moving), scoring, and the five-second countdown sanction for delaying. Claims: - A goal kick is awarded when the whole of the ball passes over the goal line, on the ground or in the air, having last touched a player of the attacking team, and a goal is not scored. [confidence 0.97; sources: Law 16 — The Goal Kick (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] - The ball must be stationary and is kicked from any point within the goal area by a player of the defending team; it is in play when it is kicked and clearly moves, and opponents must be outside the penalty area until the ball is in play. [confidence 0.96; sources: Law 16 — The Goal Kick (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] - A goal may be scored directly from a goal kick, but only against the opposing team; if the ball directly enters the kicker's own goal, a corner kick is awarded to the opponents. [confidence 0.95; sources: Law 16 — The Goal Kick (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] - If a player unfairly delays taking the goal kick, the referee whistles and signals a five-second countdown; if the kick is not taken within five seconds, a corner kick is awarded to the opposing team. [confidence 0.92; sources: Law 16 — The Goal Kick (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] - If, after the ball is in play, the kicker touches it again before it has touched another player, an indirect free kick is awarded; a handball offence by the kicker is sanctioned with a direct free kick, unless the kicker was the goalkeeper, in which case an indirect free kick is awarded. [confidence 0.92; sources: Law 16 — The Goal Kick (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] - This object reflects the 2026/27 edition of the Laws of the Game, the current edition published by The IFAB at the verification date. [confidence 0.98; sources: IFAB Laws of the Game — editions index (current edition 2026/27); Law 16 — The Goal Kick (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] ## Law 17 - The Corner Kick - id: law-17-corner-kick · type: entity · evidence_tier: primary · confidence: 0.94 · last_verified: 2026-08-08 - canonical: https://futbolatlas.app/k/law-17-corner-kick · api: https://futbolatlas.app/api/k/law-17-corner-kick.json Law 17 of the IFAB Laws of the Game (2026/27 edition) covers when a corner kick is awarded — including the goalkeeper eight-second possession sanction — the procedure in the corner area, opponent distance, and scoring rules. Claims: - A corner kick is awarded when the whole of the ball passes over the goal line, on the ground or in the air, having last touched a player of the defending team, and a goal is not scored. [confidence 0.97; sources: Law 17 — The Corner Kick (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] - A corner kick is also the sanctioned restart when the goalkeeper controls the ball with the hands for longer than eight seconds, or when a goal kick is not taken within the referee's five-second countdown after unfair delay. [confidence 0.92; sources: Law 17 — The Corner Kick (Laws of the Game 2026/27); Law 16 — The Goal Kick (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] - The ball must be placed in the corner area nearest to the point where the ball passed over the goal line, must be stationary, and is kicked by a player of the attacking team; it is in play when kicked and clearly moving and does not need to leave the corner area. The corner flagpost must not be moved. [confidence 0.96; sources: Law 17 — The Corner Kick (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] - Opponents must remain at least 9.15 m (10 yds) from the corner arc until the ball is in play. [confidence 0.96; sources: Law 17 — The Corner Kick (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] - A goal may be scored directly from a corner kick, but only against the opposing team; if the ball directly enters the kicker's own goal, a corner kick is awarded to the opponents. There is no offside offence when the ball is received directly from a corner kick. [confidence 0.96; sources: Law 17 — The Corner Kick (Laws of the Game 2026/27); Law 11 — Offside (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] - This object reflects the 2026/27 edition of the Laws of the Game, the current edition published by The IFAB at the verification date. [confidence 0.98; sources: IFAB Laws of the Game — editions index (current edition 2026/27); Law 17 — The Corner Kick (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] ## CONMEBOL Libertadores 2025 final (Flamengo 1-0 Palmeiras) - id: libertadores-2025-final · type: entity · evidence_tier: primary · confidence: 0.93 · last_verified: 2026-08-09 - canonical: https://futbolatlas.app/k/libertadores-2025-final · api: https://futbolatlas.app/api/k/libertadores-2025-final.json Flamengo beat Palmeiras 1-0 at the Estadio Monumental de la U in Lima on 29 November 2025 for a fourth Libertadores, becoming the first Brazilian club to win it four times. Danilo turned in an Arrascaeta corner on 67 minutes, in a final Flamengo won without conceding a shot on target. Claims: - Flamengo beat Palmeiras 1-0 in the 2025 CONMEBOL Libertadores final at the Estadio Monumental de la U in Lima on Saturday 29 November 2025. It was Flamengo's fourth title, after 1981, 2019 and 2022, making them the first Brazilian club to win the competition four times. [confidence 0.95; sources: Flamengo, tetracampeon de la CONMEBOL Libertadores (CONMEBOL, 30 Nov 2025)] - The only goal came in the 67th minute, Danilo finishing a corner taken by Giorgian de Arrascaeta. Flamengo had won seven corners to Palmeiras's one before it, and it was their fourth goal from a corner in the 2025 edition, the second-highest total in the competition behind Palmeiras's five. [confidence 0.94; sources: Flamengo, tetracampeon de la CONMEBOL Libertadores (CONMEBOL, 30 Nov 2025)] - Palmeiras averaged 74% possession after falling behind and had five shots; up to the 67th minute they had managed four shots and 30% of the ball. Agustin Rossi ended the competition with 25 saves and nine clean sheets in 13 matches, and made no save at all in the final because Flamengo conceded no shots on target. [confidence 0.93; sources: Flamengo, tetracampeon de la CONMEBOL Libertadores (CONMEBOL, 30 Nov 2025)] - De Arrascaeta was named the tournament's best player. His 58 wins in the Libertadores are the most by an outfield player in the competition's history, and he has been Flamengo's leading assist provider in it since joining in 2019, with 18. [confidence 0.93; sources: Flamengo, tetracampeon de la CONMEBOL Libertadores (CONMEBOL, 30 Nov 2025)] - Danilo had not scored in the Libertadores for 14 years; his previous goal was also in a final, for Santos against Penarol in 2011, and he has five in the competition in all. CONMEBOL records him as the first player to win the Libertadores twice and the UEFA Champions League twice, the latter in 2016 and 2017 - though the same report misprints the year of that second Libertadores as 2026, in a piece about the 2025 final published on 30 November 2025. [confidence 0.9; sources: Flamengo, tetracampeon de la CONMEBOL Libertadores (CONMEBOL, 30 Nov 2025)] - Filipe Luis became the ninth man to win the Libertadores as both player and coach, having won it as a player with Flamengo in 2019 and 2022, and the second Brazilian to do so after Renato Gaucho. The champions received 24 million US dollars. [confidence 0.92; sources: Flamengo, tetracampeon de la CONMEBOL Libertadores (CONMEBOL, 30 Nov 2025)] - CONMEBOL's own Libertadores history page still states that the competition is played in the first half of each year. The 2025 final was played on 29 November, so that description no longer holds. [confidence 0.92; sources: Copa Libertadores - Historia (CONMEBOL, 23 Jan 2015); Flamengo, tetracampeon de la CONMEBOL Libertadores (CONMEBOL, 30 Nov 2025)] - There is no current honours table for the Libertadores on CONMEBOL's own site. Its year-by-year list of champions and runners-up is complete from 1960 but stops at the 2012 edition, and its history page adds only that Independiente hold the record with seven titles and that Alberto Spencer is the leading scorer with 54 goals. That is why this corpus carries the 2025 final without a companion titles-by-club anchor. [confidence 0.9; sources: Campeones y goleadores de la Copa Libertadores de America (CONMEBOL, 22 Dec 2012); Copa Libertadores - Historia (CONMEBOL, 23 Jan 2015)] ## Ligue 1 2025/26 (champions - Paris Saint-Germain) - id: ligue-1-2025-26 · type: entity · evidence_tier: primary · confidence: 0.93 · last_verified: 2026-08-08 - canonical: https://futbolatlas.app/k/ligue-1-2025-26 · api: https://futbolatlas.app/api/k/ligue-1-2025-26.json The 2025/26 French Ligue 1 ended with Paris Saint-Germain champions for the 14th time and, for the first time in the club's history, a fifth consecutive title, sealed with a 2-0 away win over second-placed Lens. Claims: - Paris Saint-Germain won Ligue 1 2025/26, their 14th French top-flight title and fifth in a row, a first in the club's history; only Lyon, with seven straight titles between 2002 and 2008, has had a longer run in the league's history. [confidence 0.94; sources: Paris Saint-Germain crowned French champions for fifth time in a row (psg.fr press release)] - The title was clinched with a 2-0 away win over second-placed Lens. [confidence 0.93; sources: Paris Saint-Germain crowned French champions for fifth time in a row (psg.fr press release)] ## Offside - id: offside · type: glossary · evidence_tier: primary · confidence: 0.96 · last_verified: 2026-08-08 - canonical: https://futbolatlas.app/k/offside · api: https://futbolatlas.app/api/k/offside.json Offside is the Law 11 concept distinguishing an offside position (not an offence) from an offside offence, which requires involvement in active play at the moment a team-mate plays the ball. Claims: - Offside position means any part of a player's head, body or feet is in the opponents' half (excluding the halfway line) and nearer to the opponents' goal line than both the ball and the second-last opponent; hands and arms are excluded from the assessment. [confidence 0.97; sources: Law 11 — Offside (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] - An offside position becomes an offside offence only when the player becomes involved in active play: interfering with play, interfering with an opponent, or gaining an advantage from a rebound, deflection or deliberate save. [confidence 0.96; sources: Law 11 — Offside (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] ## Common offside misconceptions - id: offside-misconceptions · type: faq · evidence_tier: primary · confidence: 0.96 · last_verified: 2026-08-08 - canonical: https://futbolatlas.app/k/offside-misconceptions · api: https://futbolatlas.app/api/k/offside-misconceptions.json Answers to the offside questions people actually argue about, each checked against the 2026/27 text of Law 11: level is onside, position alone is never an offence, arms never count, no offside from throw-ins, and being in your own half is safe. Claims: - A player level with the second-last opponent, or with the last two opponents, is not in an offside position: level is onside. [confidence 0.97; sources: Law 11 — Offside (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] - A player cannot be in an offside position in their own half: offside position requires a relevant body part to be in the opponents' half, excluding the halfway line. [confidence 0.97; sources: Law 11 — Offside (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] - There is no offside offence when the ball is received directly from a throw-in, a goal kick or a corner kick. [confidence 0.98; sources: Law 11 — Offside (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] - Hands and arms of all players, including the goalkeepers, are not considered when judging offside position. [confidence 0.97; sources: Law 11 — Offside (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] - Standing in an offside position is not an offence; an offence requires involvement in active play, and the sanction is an indirect free kick, not a direct one. [confidence 0.97; sources: Law 11 — Offside (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] - A touch by a defender does not automatically play an attacker onside: only a deliberate play (control with the possibility of passing, gaining possession or clearing) resets offside, and a deliberate save never does. [confidence 0.94; sources: Law 11 — Offside (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] # Common offside misconceptions **"He was level, so he was offside."** No. Level with the second-last opponent (or the last two) is not an offside position. Level is onside. **"You can be offside in your own half."** No. Offside position requires a relevant body part to be in the opponents' half, and the halfway line itself is excluded. **"He was offside from the throw-in."** No. There is no offside offence directly from a throw-in — nor from a goal kick or a corner kick. **"His arm was past the defender, that's offside."** No. Hands and arms are never considered when judging offside position — for attackers, defenders and goalkeepers alike. **"He was standing offside, so it's a free kick."** Not by itself. Position alone is never an offence; the player must become involved in active play. When an offence does occur, the restart is an indirect free kick from where the offence happened. **"It touched a defender, so he's onside."** Only if the defender *deliberately played* the ball — had control, with the option to pass, possess or clear it. A deflection, an instinctive block or any deliberate save leaves the offside offence alive. ## Panenka (penalty) - id: panenka · type: glossary · evidence_tier: primary · confidence: 0.95 · last_verified: 2026-08-09 - canonical: https://futbolatlas.app/k/panenka · api: https://futbolatlas.app/api/k/panenka.json A Panenka is a penalty struck as a gentle chip down the middle, timed so the goalkeeper has already committed to a dive and cannot recover. It is named after Antonin Panenka, who won the EURO 1976 final shoot-out with one. It is legal under Law 14 - the offence people confuse it with is feinting after the run-up has been completed. Claims: - A Panenka is a penalty taken as a gentle chip down the middle of the goal, timed so that the goalkeeper has already dived and cannot recover. It takes its name from Antonin Panenka, then of Bohemians Praha, who scored one past Sepp Maier to win the EURO 1976 final shoot-out against West Germany. [confidence 0.96; sources: Panenka makes his name as Czechoslovakia beat West Germany in EURO 1976 final shoot-out (UEFA); EURO 1976 - All you need to know (UEFA)] - Panenka's own account of how it came about: he stayed behind after training with his club goalkeeper to take penalties, playing for "a bar of chocolate or a glass of beer", and reasoned that a keeper who dived to a corner could not jump back up again, so a delayed, lightly chipped kick would beat him. He tested it in friendlies and minor leagues, then used it in the top division, and said he began to gain weight because he was winning the bets. [confidence 0.94; sources: Panenka makes his name as Czechoslovakia beat West Germany in EURO 1976 final shoot-out (UEFA)] - UEFA describes the 1976 kick as the first of its kind in international football, and Panenka joked that if it were patentable he would have patented it. [confidence 0.94; sources: EURO 1976 - All you need to know (UEFA); Panenka makes his name as Czechoslovakia beat West Germany in EURO 1976 final shoot-out (UEFA)] - A Panenka is legal under Law 14. The Law permits feinting during the run-up, but feinting to kick the ball once the kicker has completed the run-up is an offence: the referee cautions the kicker and play restarts with an indirect free kick to the defending team. A Panenka involves no such feint - the kicker completes the run-up and strikes the ball, simply softly and centrally. [confidence 0.95; sources: Law 14 — The Penalty Kick (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] - Law 14 also requires the kicker to play the ball forward, with backheeling permitted provided the ball moves forward, and the ball is in play once it is kicked and clearly moves - so the chip's lack of pace does not affect its validity. [confidence 0.94; sources: Law 14 — The Penalty Kick (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] ## Premier League 2025/26 (champions - Arsenal) - id: premier-league-2025-26 · type: entity · evidence_tier: primary · confidence: 0.93 · last_verified: 2026-08-08 - canonical: https://futbolatlas.app/k/premier-league-2025-26 · api: https://futbolatlas.app/api/k/premier-league-2025-26.json The 2025/26 English Premier League ended with Arsenal champions under Mikel Arteta - the club's first English top-flight title in 22 years, as recorded by UEFA in its Champions League final report five days before Arsenal's Budapest final against Paris. Claims: - Arsenal won the 2025/26 Premier League under Mikel Arteta, their first English top-flight title for 22 years, as stated in UEFA's official report of the 2026 Champions League final ("fresh from winning their first English Premier League title for 22 years"). [confidence 0.94; sources: Paris retain Champions League - holders edge Arsenal on penalties (UEFA.com, 30 May 2026)] - Arsenal's previous league title before 2025/26 was therefore the 2003/04 season, consistent with the 22-year gap stated by UEFA. [confidence 0.92; sources: Paris retain Champions League - holders edge Arsenal on penalties (UEFA.com, 30 May 2026)] ## Serie A 2025/26 (champions - Inter) - id: serie-a-2025-26 · type: entity · evidence_tier: primary · confidence: 0.94 · last_verified: 2026-08-08 - canonical: https://futbolatlas.app/k/serie-a-2025-26 · api: https://futbolatlas.app/api/k/serie-a-2025-26.json The 2025/26 Italian Serie A ended with Inter champions for the 21st time, sealing the scudetto on 6 May 2026 with a 2-0 win over Parma at San Siro (Thuram and Mkhitaryan), three games to spare, under coach Cristian Chivu - their second title in three seasons. Claims: - Inter won Serie A 2025/26, the 21st scudetto in the club's history and their second in the last three seasons, under coach Cristian Chivu. [confidence 0.95; sources: Inter are the Champions of Italy - 21st Scudetto (Inter.it, 6 May 2026)] - The title was mathematically secured on 6 May 2026 with a 2-0 home win over Parma, with goals from Thuram and Mkhitaryan, three games before the end of the season. [confidence 0.94; sources: Inter are the Champions of Italy - 21st Scudetto (Inter.it, 6 May 2026)] ## Serious foul play - id: serious-foul-play · type: glossary · evidence_tier: primary · confidence: 0.95 · last_verified: 2026-08-08 - canonical: https://futbolatlas.app/k/serious-foul-play · api: https://futbolatlas.app/api/k/serious-foul-play.json Serious foul play is a tackle or challenge for the ball that endangers the safety of an opponent or uses excessive force or brutality; it is always a sending-off offence. Claims: - Serious foul play is a tackle or challenge that endangers the safety of an opponent or uses excessive force or brutality; it must be sanctioned with a sending-off. [confidence 0.96; sources: Law 12 — Fouls and Misconduct (Laws of the Game 2026/27); Glossary — Football Terms (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] - Any player who lunges at an opponent in challenging for the ball from the front, the side or behind, using one or both legs, with excessive force or endangering the opponent's safety, is guilty of serious foul play. [confidence 0.95; sources: Law 12 — Fouls and Misconduct (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] - The distinguishing element versus violent conduct is that serious foul play occurs in a challenge for the ball. [confidence 0.95; sources: Law 12 — Fouls and Misconduct (Laws of the Game 2026/27); Glossary — Football Terms (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] ## Serious foul play vs violent conduct - id: serious-foul-play-vs-violent-conduct · type: comparison · evidence_tier: primary · confidence: 0.94 · last_verified: 2026-08-08 - canonical: https://futbolatlas.app/k/serious-foul-play-vs-violent-conduct · api: https://futbolatlas.app/api/k/serious-foul-play-vs-violent-conduct.json Both are red cards, but they are different offences in the 2026/27 Laws: serious foul play happens in a challenge for the ball; violent conduct needs no challenge, can target anyone, and counts even without contact. The distinction decides restarts and applies to VAR review scope. Claims: - Serious foul play is a tackle or challenge for the ball that endangers the safety of an opponent or uses excessive force or brutality, including lunging at an opponent from the front, side or behind with one or both legs; it is always sanctioned with a sending-off. [confidence 0.95; sources: Law 12 — Fouls and Misconduct (Laws of the Game 2026/27); Glossary — Football Terms (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] - Violent conduct is using or attempting to use excessive force or brutality when not challenging for the ball, against an opponent, team-mate, team official, match official, spectator or any other person, regardless of whether contact is made, including deliberate non-negligible strikes to the head or face. [confidence 0.95; sources: Law 12 — Fouls and Misconduct (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] - The three discriminators are: serious foul play requires a challenge for the ball while violent conduct excludes it; serious foul play targets an opponent while violent conduct can target anyone; and violent conduct is committed even by an attempted strike without contact. [confidence 0.94; sources: Law 12 — Fouls and Misconduct (Laws of the Game 2026/27); Glossary — Football Terms (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] - Both offences are within the VAR's reviewable direct red card category. [confidence 0.94; sources: Video Assistant Referee (VAR) protocol (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] Takeaways: - Serious foul play happens in a challenge for the ball; violent conduct outside one. - Violent conduct can target anyone and attempted force counts without contact. - Both are direct red cards, and both sit inside the VAR-reviewable category. # Serious foul play vs violent conduct Both end in a red card, so commentary uses them interchangeably. The Laws do not: they are separate offences with a clean boundary. ## The boundary **Serious foul play** lives inside the contest for the ball. It is a tackle or challenge that endangers an opponent's safety or uses excessive force or brutality — the archetype is the lunge, from the front, the side or behind, with one or both legs. **Violent conduct** lives outside the contest for the ball. It is the use — or attempted use — of excessive force or brutality when not challenging for the ball. Three properties widen it beyond serious foul play: 1. **No challenge required.** An elbow off the ball, a kick after the whistle, a shove in a melee. 2. **Any victim.** Opponents, team-mates, team officials, match officials, spectators — anyone. 3. **No contact required.** Attempting the strike is enough. A swing that misses is still violent conduct. The Law also singles out deliberate strikes to the head or face with hand or arm: violent conduct unless the force was negligible. ## Why the label matters The restart follows the offence. Serious foul play is a foul in a challenge — direct free kick or penalty. Violent conduct can happen when the ball is elsewhere or play is stopped, so the restart depends on the circumstances rather than the strike itself. For video review, the label does not matter but the card does: both offences fall inside the VAR's "direct red card" category. ## Simulation - id: simulation · type: glossary · evidence_tier: primary · confidence: 0.95 · last_verified: 2026-08-08 - canonical: https://futbolatlas.app/k/simulation · api: https://futbolatlas.app/api/k/simulation.json Simulation is the act of creating a wrong or false impression that something has occurred when it has not, committed to gain an unfair advantage; it is cautioned as unsporting behaviour. Claims: - The IFAB glossary defines simulation as an action which creates a wrong or false impression that something has occurred when it has not, committed by a player to gain an unfair advantage. [confidence 0.96; sources: Glossary — Football Terms (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] - Attempting to deceive the referee, for example by feigning injury or pretending to have been fouled (simulation), is unsporting behaviour sanctioned with a caution under Law 12. [confidence 0.94; sources: Law 12 — Fouls and Misconduct (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] ## Substitution rules FAQ - id: substitution-rules-faq · type: faq · evidence_tier: primary · confidence: 0.94 · last_verified: 2026-08-08 - canonical: https://futbolatlas.app/k/substitution-rules-faq · api: https://futbolatlas.app/api/k/substitution-rules-faq.json The substitution questions actually asked, answered from the 2026/27 texts of Laws 3 and 10: how many changes are allowed, the three-window limit, extra time, return substitutes, and who may take part in a penalty shoot-out. Claims: - Top-level official competitions may allow up to five substitutes per team, used across a maximum of three substitution opportunities per team during the match, plus substitutions made at half-time, which do not count as an opportunity. [confidence 0.94; sources: Law 3 — The Players (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] - Where extra time is played, unused substitutes and substitution opportunities carry over, and competition rules may allow one additional substitution opportunity in extra time. [confidence 0.93; sources: Law 3 — The Players (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] - Return substitutions (a replaced player coming back on) are only permitted in youth, veterans, disability and grassroots football, subject to approval by the national association, confederation or FIFA. [confidence 0.95; sources: Law 3 — The Players (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] - Only players who are on the field of play, or temporarily off it (injury, equipment adjustment, etc.), at the end of the match are eligible for kicks from the penalty mark; a player substituted off earlier is not eligible. [confidence 0.94; sources: Law 10 — Determining the Outcome of a Match (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] - A match may not start or continue if either team has fewer than seven players. [confidence 0.97; sources: Law 3 — The Players (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] # Substitution rules FAQ **"How many substitutions are allowed?"** In top-level official competitions, up to five per team — but spent across at most three in-match substitution opportunities. **"Do half-time changes use up a window?"** No. Substitutions made at half-time do not count against the three opportunities. **"What about extra time?"** Unused substitutes and windows carry over, and competition rules may grant one extra window in extra time. **"Can a substituted player come back on?"** Only where return substitutions are permitted — youth, veterans, disability and grassroots football, with the association's approval. In professional football, no. **"Can a substituted player take penalties in the shoot-out?"** No. Only players on the field (or temporarily off it with permission) at the final whistle are eligible for kicks from the penalty mark. **"What if a team is down to six players?"** The match cannot start or continue: seven is the minimum. ## The Best FIFA Football Awards 2025 - id: the-best-fifa-awards-2025 · type: entity · evidence_tier: primary · confidence: 0.95 · last_verified: 2026-08-08 - canonical: https://futbolatlas.app/k/the-best-fifa-awards-2025 · api: https://futbolatlas.app/api/k/the-best-fifa-awards-2025.json FIFA's The Best awards for 2025, presented in Doha on 16 December 2025 on the eve of the Intercontinental Cup final: Ousmane Dembele and Aitana Bonmati (her third straight) took the player awards, Luis Enrique and Sarina Wiegman the coaching honours, Donnarumma and Hampton the goalkeeper prizes, and Santiago Montiel the Puskas Award. Claims: - At The Best FIFA Football Awards 2025, presented in Doha on 16 December 2025, Ousmane Dembele (Paris Saint-Germain) was named best men's player and Aitana Bonmati (Barcelona) best women's player for the third year running. [confidence 0.96; sources: Bonmati and Dembele take top honours at The Best FIFA Football Awards 2025 (FIFA, 16 Dec 2025)] - Luis Enrique and Sarina Wiegman won the coaching awards, Gianluigi Donnarumma and Hannah Hampton the goalkeeper awards, Santiago Montiel (Independiente) the Puskas Award for an overhead kick, Lizbeth Ovalle (Tigres) the Marta Award, and the fan award went to the supporters of Zakho SC of Iraq. [confidence 0.95; sources: Bonmati and Dembele take top honours at The Best FIFA Football Awards 2025 (FIFA, 16 Dec 2025)] - The ceremony took place on the eve of the FIFA Intercontinental Cup Qatar 2025 final between Paris Saint-Germain and CR Flamengo. [confidence 0.94; sources: Bonmati and Dembele take top honours at The Best FIFA Football Awards 2025 (FIFA, 16 Dec 2025)] ## Where UEFA's own pages disagree about historic EURO finals - id: uefa-historical-sources-faq · type: faq · evidence_tier: primary · confidence: 0.93 · last_verified: 2026-08-09 - canonical: https://futbolatlas.app/k/uefa-historical-sources-faq · api: https://futbolatlas.app/api/k/uefa-historical-sources-faq.json UEFA is the primary record for European Championship history, and its pages sometimes disagree with each other and occasionally with themselves - about goal minutes, about the format's own history, about who captained a side, and in one case with the scorer's own account of his goal. Seven cases across six finals, re-checked on 9 August 2026, with one control case where the pages agree. Claims: - UEFA's historical pages for European Championship finals sometimes disagree with one another, and occasionally with themselves. The disagreements are narrow: goal minutes, the competition's own format history, and line-up details. In none of the cases examined do they differ on a result, a scorer or a winner. [confidence 0.93; sources: Bierhoff the hero of Germany's EURO '96 final win against Czech Republic (UEFA); Football comes home for Germany - EURO '96 review (UEFA); Van Basten volley crowns Netherlands' EURO 1988 final win against USSR (UEFA); EURO 1988 - All you need to know (UEFA); EURO 1984 - All you need to know (UEFA); Hrubesch is West Germany's hero in EURO 1980 final against Belgium (UEFA); Hosts Italy earn EURO 1968 final replay against Yugoslavia (UEFA, Italy 1-1 Yugoslavia aet); Riva steers Italy to EURO 1968 final replay win against Yugoslavia (UEFA, Italy 2-0)] - Two UEFA pages can give different minutes for the same goal. For the 1996 final, the match report calls Oliver Bierhoff's golden goal a "95th-minute winner" while the tournament review says he broke Czech hearts "four minutes into extra time". For the 1988 final, the match report says the Netherlands doubled their lead "on 54 minutes" while the tournament guide says Marco van Basten's volley killed the game off "after 52 minutes". [confidence 0.94; sources: Bierhoff the hero of Germany's EURO '96 final win against Czech Republic (UEFA); Football comes home for Germany - EURO '96 review (UEFA); Van Basten volley crowns Netherlands' EURO 1988 final win against USSR (UEFA); EURO 1988 - All you need to know (UEFA)] - A single UEFA page can contradict itself. The 1984 tournament guide calls 1984 "the first eight-team final tournament" in its venues section, while its format section calls 1984 the second edition to feature a group stage and its facts section dates the expansion of the finals to 1980. UEFA's 1980 guide settles it, stating three separate times that 1980 was the first eight-team EURO - so the 1984 venues line is the error. [confidence 0.94; sources: EURO 1984 - All you need to know (UEFA); EURO 1980 - All you need to know (UEFA)] - A UEFA narrative can conflict with a quotation UEFA prints beside it. The 1980 match report says Jean-Marie Pfaff came out to meet Karl-Heinz Rummenigge's cross and was beaten to it by Horst Hrubesch, and the 1980 tournament guide says the same. Hrubesch, quoted further down that same report page, calls the goal a prepared Rummenigge corner from the left and says Pfaff made the mistake of staying on his line. [confidence 0.93; sources: Hrubesch is West Germany's hero in EURO 1980 final against Belgium (UEFA); EURO 1980 - All you need to know (UEFA)] - Line-up details can differ between two UEFA reports on the same tie. Its report on the drawn 1968 final names Mirsad Fazlagic as Yugoslavia's captain; its report on the replay two days later names Dragan Dzajic. Both men played in both matches and neither page remarks on the change, which may be a genuine change of armband rather than an error. [confidence 0.9; sources: Hosts Italy earn EURO 1968 final replay against Yugoslavia (UEFA, Italy 1-1 Yugoslavia aet); Riva steers Italy to EURO 1968 final replay win against Yugoslavia (UEFA, Italy 2-0)] - The pattern is not universal, and a control case matters. UEFA's 1972 match report and tournament guide, re-checked the same day, agree on everything both cover - a 3-0 win, two goals for Gerd Muller and one for Herbert Wimmer - and neither assigns a minute to any goal, so there is nothing for them to disagree about. [confidence 0.94; sources: Muller strikes twice as West Germany beat USSR in 1972 EURO final (UEFA); EURO 1972 - All you need to know (UEFA)] - The 1964 final produces two further cases, both re-checked on 9 August 2026. UEFA's tournament guide gives Marcelino's winner as the 84th minute in its main account, then in its facts section says his Real Zaragoza winner four days later came "also in the 83rd minute". And UEFA names two different English referees around the same match: the report gives Arthur Ellis of England as the final's referee, while the guide's list of the four officials used at the finals names Arthur Holland as the English one, with Ellis absent. Both UEFA pages for the 1960 final give Ellis as its referee, one adding that he had also taken the 1956 European Cup final at the same ground - which makes the 1964 report look like a carry-over from 1960 rather than the 1964 guide being wrong. No UEFA page says so, and this corpus does not treat it as settled. [confidence 0.9; sources: EURO 1964 - All you need to know (UEFA); Marcelino heads Spain to EURO 1964 final win against USSR (UEFA); Ponedelnik heads USSR to EURO 1960 final glory against Yugoslavia (UEFA); EURO 1960 - All you need to know (UEFA)] - Not every oddity qualifies. The 1964 match report blames the Soviet Union's shape on the absence of Alexey Korneyev while its own line-up starts him, but the sentence can also be read as describing the absence of a second defensive midfielder alongside Korneyev. Ambiguous cases are recorded on the edition object and kept out of this list, which admits only conflicts with a single reading. [confidence 0.88; sources: Marcelino heads Spain to EURO 1964 final win against USSR (UEFA)] - The handling rule this corpus applies: where two UEFA pages differ on match detail, the match report is the more specific document and is preferred, with the alternative recorded; where a page conflicts with itself, another edition's page may settle it, as the 1980 guide settles the 1984 one; where a quoted participant contradicts the narrative, neither is treated as authoritative and both are stated; and where UEFA gives no minute at all, none is asserted. [confidence 0.9; sources: Bierhoff the hero of Germany's EURO '96 final win against Czech Republic (UEFA); Hrubesch is West Germany's hero in EURO 1980 final against Belgium (UEFA); Muller strikes twice as West Germany beat USSR in 1972 EURO final (UEFA)] # Where UEFA's own pages disagree about historic EURO finals UEFA is the primary record for European Championship history. That does not mean its pages agree with each other. Working through the historic finals for this corpus turned up seven conflicts across six of them, all re-checked directly on 9 August 2026 and all present on that date. None of them touches a result, a scorer or a winner. They are about minutes, about the competition's own format history, and about who wore an armband. ## The minute of a famous goal **EURO 1988.** UEFA's match report: the Netherlands "doubled their advantage in truly spectacular fashion on 54 minutes". UEFA's tournament guide: Van Basten's volley "killed the game off after 52 minutes". **EURO 1996.** UEFA's match report: Bierhoff squeezed in a "95th-minute winner". UEFA's tournament review: he "broke Czech hearts four minutes into extra time". So "what minute was Van Basten's volley?" has no single official answer. The honest response is 52 or 54, depending on which UEFA page you opened. ## A page against itself UEFA's EURO 1984 guide calls 1984 "the first eight-team final tournament" in one section, calls it the second edition with a group stage in another, and dates the expansion of the finals to 1980 in a third. This one is resolvable: the EURO 1980 guide says three separate times that 1980 was the first eight-team EURO. The 1984 venues line is simply wrong. ## The narrative against the man who scored UEFA's 1980 match report has Pfaff coming out to a Rummenigge **cross** and being beaten to it at the near post. Hrubesch, quoted on the same page, calls it a prepared Rummenigge **corner** and says Pfaff **stayed on his line**. Both versions sit on one page, neither acknowledging the other. ## Two reports, one tie, two captains UEFA's report on the drawn 1968 final names Fazlagic as Yugoslavia's captain. Its report on the replay, 48 hours later, names Dzajic. Both played both matches. This one may not be an error at all — captaincy can change — but no UEFA page explains it. ## Two officials, one match UEFA's 1964 match report gives the final's referee as **Arthur Ellis** of England. UEFA's 1964 tournament guide lists the four referees used at those finals — Blavier (Belgium), Lo Bello (Italy), Mellet (Switzerland), **Arthur Holland** (England) — and Ellis is not among them. Two different Englishmen, one tournament, no note either way. There is a likely explanation, though UEFA never offers it: both UEFA pages for the **1960** final give Ellis as its referee, and one notes he had also taken the 1956 European Cup final at that same ground. The 1964 report reads like a carry-over. Likely is not settled, so both attributions stay on the record here. The same guide also dates Marcelino's winner to the 84th minute in one section and, in another, calls his Zaragoza winner four days later "also in the 83rd minute". ## What does not count The 1964 report blames the Soviet shape on the absence of Alexey Korneyev while its own line-up starts him. That looks like a sixth case, but the sentence can also be read as "the absence of an extra defensive midfielder alongside Korneyev". It stays on the edition object and out of this list. A list like this is only worth anything if every entry has one reading. ## The control case EURO 1972's match report and tournament guide agree on everything both cover, and neither gives a minute for any goal. Worth saying out loud: a list that only collects failures will always look like a pattern. Where UEFA gives no minute, this corpus asserts none. ## How this corpus handles it - Two pages differ on match detail → prefer the match report, record the other. - A page contradicts itself → look for another edition's page to settle it. - A participant's quote contradicts the narrative → state both, prefer neither. - UEFA gives no minute → assert no minute. ## VAR (Video Assistant Referee) - id: var · type: glossary · evidence_tier: primary · confidence: 0.94 · last_verified: 2026-08-08 - canonical: https://futbolatlas.app/k/var · api: https://futbolatlas.app/api/k/var.json The VAR is a match official who may assist the referee only in the event of a clear and obvious error or serious missed incident, in a closed list of match-changing categories; the referee always takes the final decision. Claims: - The VAR may assist the referee only for a clear and obvious error or a serious missed incident in these match-changing categories: goal/no goal, penalty/no penalty, direct red card, and mistaken identity when the referee cautions or sends off the wrong player of the offending team. [confidence 0.95; sources: Video Assistant Referee (VAR) protocol (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] - From the 2026/27 edition the red card category also covers a clearly incorrect second caution: earlier editions excluded second yellow cards from VAR review entirely. [confidence 0.9; sources: Law changes 2026/27 — changes and clarifications (IFAB)] - As a competition option in the 2026/27 protocol, a clearly incorrectly awarded corner kick may also be corrected, provided the change is made immediately without delaying the restart. [confidence 0.9; sources: Video Assistant Referee (VAR) protocol (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] - The referee must always make an initial decision (the VAR cannot give a "no decision"), only the referee can initiate a review, and the referee's original decision stands unless the review clearly shows it was wrong. Subjective judgements use an on-field review; factual ones may be resolved on the VAR's description alone. [confidence 0.94; sources: Video Assistant Referee (VAR) protocol (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] ## Common VAR misconceptions - id: var-misconceptions · type: faq · evidence_tier: primary · confidence: 0.94 · last_verified: 2026-08-08 - canonical: https://futbolatlas.app/k/var-misconceptions · api: https://futbolatlas.app/api/k/var-misconceptions.json Answers to what fans get wrong about VAR, checked against the 2026/27 IFAB protocol: VAR cannot review everything, cannot decide, cannot be demanded by teams, does not re-referee soft calls, and never handles second yellow cards. Claims: - The VAR may only intervene for a clear and obvious error or a serious missed incident within the reviewable categories (goal/no goal, penalty/no penalty, direct red card, mistaken identity, plus the competition-option corner correction); other decisions, however wrong, are outside its scope. [confidence 0.94; sources: Video Assistant Referee (VAR) protocol (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] - Only the referee can initiate a review; there is no mechanism for teams or players to request one. [confidence 0.94; sources: Video Assistant Referee (VAR) protocol (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] - The VAR recommends; the referee always takes the final decision, after an on-field review for subjective judgements or on the VAR's description of the footage for factual ones. [confidence 0.94; sources: Video Assistant Referee (VAR) protocol (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] - Until the 2025/26 edition second cautions were excluded from VAR review; from 2026/27 a clearly incorrect second caution resulting in a red card is reviewable. [confidence 0.9; sources: Law changes 2026/27 — changes and clarifications (IFAB); Video Assistant Referee (VAR) protocol (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] - The referee must always make an initial decision on the field — the VAR process does not permit withholding a decision to wait for the review. [confidence 0.94; sources: Video Assistant Referee (VAR) protocol (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] # Common VAR misconceptions **"VAR should have checked that foul."** VAR only exists for four match-changing categories — goals, penalty decisions, direct red cards and mistaken identity (plus, where the competition enables it, an immediate correction of a clearly wrong corner). A midfield foul that leads to nothing is not reviewable, however wrong. **"The players asked for a review, so it happened."** There is no team review request in the protocol. Only the referee can initiate a review; the VAR can only recommend one. The TV-screen gesture from players changes nothing (and risks a caution for it). **"VAR overruled the referee."** The VAR cannot overrule anyone. For subjective calls the referee reviews the footage at the screen; for factual ones the VAR describes what the footage shows. Either way the final decision belongs to the referee. **"VAR can never touch a second yellow."** That was true until the 2025/26 edition. From 2026/27, a clearly incorrect second caution that produces a red card is reviewable — one of the quietest but most consequential changes of this edition. **"The referee waited for VAR instead of deciding."** Not allowed. The protocol requires an initial on-field decision in every situation; "no decision" is prohibited. The review can then confirm or correct it. ## VAR vs goal-line technology - id: var-vs-goal-line-technology · type: comparison · evidence_tier: primary · confidence: 0.94 · last_verified: 2026-08-08 - canonical: https://futbolatlas.app/k/var-vs-goal-line-technology · api: https://futbolatlas.app/api/k/var-vs-goal-line-technology.json VAR and goal-line technology are often conflated. GLT is an automatic system with a single factual scope (did the whole ball cross the goal line) signalled to the match officials within one second; VAR is a human match official who reviews a closed list of match-changing decisions for clear and obvious errors, with the referee taking the final decision. Claims: - Goal-line technology applies solely to the goal line and is used only to determine whether a goal has been scored; its indication must reach the match officials within one second and goes only to them. [confidence 0.95; sources: Law 1 — The Field of Play (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] - The VAR is limited to clear and obvious errors and serious missed incidents in the categories goal/no goal, penalty/no penalty, direct red card and mistaken identity, plus (as a 2026/27 competition option) immediately correcting a clearly incorrectly awarded corner kick. [confidence 0.94; sources: Video Assistant Referee (VAR) protocol (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] - In a VAR process the referee must always make an initial decision and always takes the final decision; GLT by contrast delivers an automatic factual signal with no review process. [confidence 0.93; sources: Video Assistant Referee (VAR) protocol (Laws of the Game 2026/27); Law 1 — The Field of Play (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] Takeaways: - GLT answers one factual question automatically within a second. - VAR is a human review limited to match-changing categories and clear errors. - The referee always takes the final VAR decision; GLT has no review at all. - GLT lives in Law 1, VAR in its own protocol - competitions may use either or both. # VAR vs goal-line technology Both entered the Laws in the 2010s, both involve cameras, and broadcasters mention them in the same breath. Legally they are different instruments. ## Scope **Goal-line technology (GLT)** answers exactly one factual question: did the whole of the ball pass over the goal line, in the goal? It applies solely to the goal line. It cannot flag offside, handball or anything else about how the ball got there. **VAR** covers a closed list of match-changing categories: goal/no goal (including offences in the build-up), penalty/no penalty, direct red cards (including, from 2026/27, a clearly incorrect second caution), and mistaken identity. The 2026/27 protocol adds a competition option: a clearly incorrectly awarded corner kick may be corrected if done immediately, without delaying the restart. ## Trigger and process GLT is automatic. The system signals the match officials within one second, and only the match officials receive it. There is no review, no protocol, no announcement. VAR is a human match official reviewing footage. The threshold is a clear and obvious error or a serious missed incident. The referee must always make an initial decision, only the referee can initiate a review, and subjective calls require the referee to view the footage on the field. ## Authority A GLT signal is a factual input the referee acts on directly. In a VAR review, the referee always takes the final decision; the VAR only recommends. ## Legal basis GLT lives in Law 1 (The Field of Play) with its technical requirements; VAR lives in its own protocol annexed to the Laws. A competition can use GLT without VAR, VAR without GLT, both, or neither. ## Violent conduct - id: violent-conduct · type: glossary · evidence_tier: primary · confidence: 0.95 · last_verified: 2026-08-08 - canonical: https://futbolatlas.app/k/violent-conduct · api: https://futbolatlas.app/api/k/violent-conduct.json Violent conduct is using or attempting to use excessive force or brutality when not challenging for the ball — against anyone, with or without contact — including deliberate non-negligible strikes to the head or face; it is always a sending-off offence. Claims: - Violent conduct is when a player uses or attempts to use excessive force or brutality against an opponent when not challenging for the ball, or against a team-mate, team official, match official, spectator or any other person, regardless of whether contact is made. [confidence 0.96; sources: Law 12 — Fouls and Misconduct (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] - A player who, when not challenging for the ball, deliberately strikes an opponent or any other person on the head or face with the hand or arm is guilty of violent conduct, unless the force used was negligible. [confidence 0.95; sources: Law 12 — Fouls and Misconduct (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] - Unlike serious foul play, violent conduct does not require a challenge for the ball, can target anyone (not only opponents), and attempted force counts even without contact. [confidence 0.95; sources: Law 12 — Fouls and Misconduct (Laws of the Game 2026/27); Glossary — Football Terms (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] ## What changed in the 2026/27 Laws of the Game - id: what-changed-in-2026-27 · type: guide · evidence_tier: primary · confidence: 0.91 · last_verified: 2026-08-08 - canonical: https://futbolatlas.app/k/what-changed-in-2026-27 · api: https://futbolatlas.app/api/k/what-changed-in-2026-27.json The 2026/27 edition changes that alter match outcomes, from the official IFAB law-changes list: the ten-second substitution exit, five-second restart countdowns, the DOGSO-advantage sanction removal, penalty double-touch handling, VAR review of clearly incorrect second cautions, and the competition options added this cycle. Claims: - Law 3: a substituted player must be off the field within ten seconds of the substitution board being shown, or the replacement cannot enter until the first stoppage after one minute; senior 'A' international friendlies may use eight substitutes, or up to eleven by agreement. [confidence 0.92; sources: Law changes 2026/27 — changes and clarifications (IFAB)] - Laws 15 and 16: a player unfairly delaying a throw-in or goal kick triggers a whistled five-second countdown; a throw-in not taken in time passes to the opponents, and a delayed goal kick becomes a corner kick. [confidence 0.93; sources: Law changes 2026/27 — changes and clarifications (IFAB)] - Law 12: when advantage is played for a DOGSO offence and the non-offending team scores as a result, the offender receives no disciplinary sanction; the DOGSO considerations now include the location and number of defenders and attackers. [confidence 0.91; sources: Law changes 2026/27 — changes and clarifications (IFAB)] - Laws 10 and 14: if the kicker accidentally kicks the ball with both feet simultaneously, or the ball touches their non-kicking foot or leg immediately after the kick, a scored penalty is retaken; in kicks from the penalty mark an unscored kick is recorded as missed. [confidence 0.91; sources: Law changes 2026/27 — changes and clarifications (IFAB)] - VAR protocol: a clearly incorrect second caution resulting in a red card becomes reviewable, mistaken-identity review covers yellow and red cards, and competitions may opt in to immediate correction of a clearly incorrectly awarded corner kick. [confidence 0.9; sources: Law changes 2026/27 — changes and clarifications (IFAB)] - Competition options added in 2026/27 include referee body cameras (with the organiser supplying the cameras and controlling footage) and sending-off offences for provocatively covering the mouth when communicating with an opponent or leaving the field in protest. [confidence 0.9; sources: Law changes 2026/27 — changes and clarifications (IFAB)] - Advance notice: the 'Only the captain' guidelines become a mandatory protocol for all competitions from 1 July 2027. [confidence 0.91; sources: Law changes 2026/27 — changes and clarifications (IFAB)] Takeaways: - Substituted players now have ten seconds to leave the field. - Delayed throw-ins and goal kicks trigger a five-second countdown with possession sanctions. - A DOGSO advantage that ends in a goal no longer brings any card. - VAR can now correct a clearly incorrect second caution. - The 'Only the captain' protocol becomes mandatory from 1 July 2027. # What changed in the 2026/27 Laws of the Game The IFAB publishes a revised edition every year, effective 1 July. These are the 2026/27 changes that alter what you see on the pitch, from the official change list. ## Substitutions get a clock (Law 3) A substituted player now has **ten seconds** to leave the field from the moment the substitution board is shown. Dawdle, and the replacement waits off the field until the first stoppage after a full minute — a real sanction for a real time-wasting tactic. Separately, senior 'A' international friendlies now allow eight substitutes, up to eleven if both teams agree. ## Restart countdowns spread (Laws 15-17) The goalkeeper eight-second rule from 2025/26 gets siblings: unfairly delaying a **throw-in** or a **goal kick** now triggers a whistled five-second countdown. A throw-in not taken in time is handed to the opponents; a delayed goal kick becomes a corner. Delay near your own goal is now priced in restarts, not just added time. ## DOGSO advantage without the card (Law 12) When the referee plays advantage on a denial-of-obvious-goal-scoring- opportunity offence and the attacking team scores anyway, the offender is no longer sanctioned: the offence did not, in the end, deny anything. The DOGSO considerations also now weigh the location and number of defenders *and attackers*. ## Penalty double touches, settled (Laws 10 and 14) The accidental double touch — both feet at once, or ball onto the standing leg — now has a clean outcome: if the penalty scored, it is retaken; in a shoot-out, if it did not score, it is recorded as missed. ## VAR reaches the second yellow (VAR protocol) The quietest big change: a **clearly incorrect second caution** that produces a red card is now reviewable. Mistaken identity review covers yellow and red cards, and competitions may enable immediate correction of a clearly wrong corner award. ## New competition options (Laws 5 and 12) Referee body cameras arrive as a competition option, with the organiser supplying cameras and controlling footage. Two provocation-related sending-off options also appear: covering the mouth while addressing an opponent provocatively, and leaving the field in protest at a decision. ## Coming next season From 1 July 2027, the 'Only the captain' approach — only the captain may approach the referee in flashpoint situations — stops being guidance and becomes mandatory in all competitions. ## UEFA Women's EURO 1984 (champions - Sweden) - id: womens-euro-1984 · type: entity · evidence_tier: primary · confidence: 0.93 · last_verified: 2026-08-09 - canonical: https://futbolatlas.app/k/womens-euro-1984 · api: https://futbolatlas.app/api/k/womens-euro-1984.json The first Women's EURO was settled over two legs: Sweden won 1-0 at the Ullevi through Pia Sundhage, England levelled the tie through Linda Curl at Kenilworth Road, and Sweden took the shoot-out 4-3. Sundhage scored the tie's first goal and converted its last kick. It remains Sweden's only title. Claims: - The inaugural Women's EURO final was played over two legs and finished 1-1 on aggregate, Sweden winning 4-3 on penalties. Pia Sundhage scored on 57 minutes in the first leg at the Ullevi in Gothenburg, and Linda Curl levelled the tie on 31 minutes in the second leg at Kenilworth Road in Luton, which went to extra time. [confidence 0.94; sources: Who has won Women's EURO? Champions, teams, players, scorers and venues for every final (UEFA, 27 Jul 2025)] - In the shoot-out Elisabeth "Lappen" Leidinge kept one kick out and Sundhage converted the winner - the same player who had scored the tie's opening goal two legs earlier. [confidence 0.93; sources: Who has won Women's EURO? Champions, teams, players, scorers and venues for every final (UEFA, 27 Jul 2025)] - The line-ups UEFA prints for the two legs are almost unchanged: England named the same eleven in both, and Sweden made a single alteration, Johansson coming in for Hansson. [confidence 0.91; sources: Who has won Women's EURO? Champions, teams, players, scorers and venues for every final (UEFA, 27 Jul 2025)] - 1984 is the only edition in UEFA's list of Women's EURO finals to have been decided over two legs; every subsequent final has been a single match. It also remains Sweden's only title in the competition. [confidence 0.92; sources: Who has won Women's EURO? Champions, teams, players, scorers and venues for every final (UEFA, 27 Jul 2025)] ## UEFA Women's EURO 1995 (champions - Germany) - id: womens-euro-1995 · type: entity · evidence_tier: primary · confidence: 0.93 · last_verified: 2026-08-09 - canonical: https://futbolatlas.app/k/womens-euro-1995 · api: https://futbolatlas.app/api/k/womens-euro-1995.json Germany beat Sweden 3-2 in Kaiserslautern for a third title, the winning goal scored by a 17-year-old substitute who had been on the pitch for barely three minutes. It was the edition at which women's internationals went from 80 minutes to 90, and the one that ended Norway's run of reaching every final. Claims: - Germany beat Sweden 3-2 in the Women's EURO 1995 final at the Fritz-Walter-Stadion in Kaiserslautern on 26 March 1995, in front of 8,500 spectators, for a third title. Malin Andersson put Sweden ahead on 6 minutes, Maren Meinert equalised on 32, Birgit Prinz put Germany in front and Bettina Wiegmann made it 3-1 on 83, with Anneli Andelen pulling one back on 88. [confidence 0.94; sources: Who has won Women's EURO? Champions, teams, players, scorers and venues for every final (UEFA, 27 Jul 2025); 1995 - Germany establish upper hand (UEFA, 26 Mar 1995, by Paul Saffer)] - Prinz was 17 and a substitute. UEFA's line-up shows her replacing Brocker-Grigoli in the 61st minute, so she scored the goal that won a European final within about three minutes of coming on. [confidence 0.92; sources: Who has won Women's EURO? Champions, teams, players, scorers and venues for every final (UEFA, 27 Jul 2025); 1995 - Germany establish upper hand (UEFA, 26 Mar 1995, by Paul Saffer)] - UEFA's two pages date that goal differently: its list of every final gives it on 64 minutes, while its 1995 tournament review says Prinz scored "on 65 minutes". Neither page acknowledges the other. [confidence 0.9; sources: Who has won Women's EURO? Champions, teams, players, scorers and venues for every final (UEFA, 27 Jul 2025); 1995 - Germany establish upper hand (UEFA, 26 Mar 1995, by Paul Saffer)] - 1995 was the edition at which matches were increased to 90 minutes, from 40 minutes each way. A record 29 nations entered, and the combination produced heavy qualifying scorelines: Germany scored 55 goals without reply in their six games, and Slovenia lost 10-0 twice to England and 17-0 to Spain, a tournament record defeat. Spain went out without losing a match. [confidence 0.93; sources: 1995 - Germany establish upper hand (UEFA, 26 Mar 1995, by Paul Saffer)] - The calendar was rearranged around the 1995 FIFA Women's World Cup, held in Sweden that summer: the semi-finals reverted to two legs played in winter, and the final was staged as a one-off match in March. [confidence 0.93; sources: 1995 - Germany establish upper hand (UEFA, 26 Mar 1995, by Paul Saffer)] - Norway's run ended here. They had reached at least the final in every previous edition, and led the semi-final second leg in Jonkoping through Linda Medalen on 28 minutes, having won the first leg 4-3 with a last-minute Anita Waage goal. Sweden's half-time substitute Lena Videkull then scored a hat-trick - one either side of the hour and one 14 minutes from the end - after Ulrika Kalte had equalised. [confidence 0.92; sources: 1995 - Germany establish upper hand (UEFA, 26 Mar 1995, by Paul Saffer)] ## UEFA Women's EURO 1997 (champions - Germany) - id: womens-euro-1997 · type: entity · evidence_tier: primary · confidence: 0.94 · last_verified: 2026-08-09 - canonical: https://futbolatlas.app/k/womens-euro-1997 · api: https://futbolatlas.app/api/k/womens-euro-1997.json Germany beat Italy 2-0 at the Ullevaal Stadion in Oslo to retain the title - having first had to survive a play-off to reach the finals at all. They finished behind Norway in qualifying, losing 3-1 at home, and only got there by beating Iceland 7-0 on aggregate. It was the first edition with an eight-team final tournament. Claims: - Germany beat Italy 2-0 in the Women's EURO 1997 final at the Ullevaal Stadion in Oslo, Sandra Minnert scoring on 22 minutes and Birgit Prinz - then 19, and scoring in her second consecutive final - on 49. It was Germany's fourth final and they had won all of them. [confidence 0.95; sources: Who has won Women's EURO? Champions, teams, players, scorers and venues for every final (UEFA, 27 Jul 2025); 1997 - German reign goes on (UEFA, 12 Jul 1997, by Paul Saffer)] - The holders reached the finals only through a play-off. In qualifying Group 1 Germany finished below Norway, who opened with a competition-record 17-0 win against Slovakia and beat Germany 3-1 in Germany. Germany then went through the second-placed play-off round, beating Iceland 7-0 on aggregate. [confidence 0.94; sources: 1997 - German reign goes on (UEFA, 12 Jul 1997, by Paul Saffer)] - 1997 brought the competition's most radical change of format to that point: an eight-team final tournament, with the 33 entrants split into two divisions - the top 16 in four groups of four playing for qualification, and the other 17 competing for promotion. Only group winners were assured of progress, and the runners-up and third-placed teams played off for the four remaining places. [confidence 0.94; sources: 1997 - German reign goes on (UEFA, 12 Jul 1997, by Paul Saffer)] - Sweden and Norway co-hosted the finals, one group in each country. Spain reached the semi-finals on goal difference after France, three points ahead of them before the last day, lost 3-0 to Sweden while Spain edged Russia 1-0. In the other group both Scandinavian sides went out: Italy beat world champions Norway 2-0 and Germany beat Denmark 2-0 on the same day. [confidence 0.93; sources: 1997 - German reign goes on (UEFA, 12 Jul 1997, by Paul Saffer)] - In the semi-finals Germany won 1-0 at Sweden in Karlstad through Bettina Wiegmann's goal six minutes from time, and Italy beat Spain 2-0 in Lillestrom, leading by half-time through Silvia Florini and Carolina Morace, with Spain's reply coming in the 88th minute. [confidence 0.93; sources: 1997 - German reign goes on (UEFA, 12 Jul 1997, by Paul Saffer)] - Norway, who had reached five straight semi-finals in the competition, were eliminated in the group stage of this one despite opening it with a 5-0 win over Denmark. [confidence 0.92; sources: 1997 - German reign goes on (UEFA, 12 Jul 1997, by Paul Saffer)] ## UEFA Women's EURO 2001 (champions - Germany) - id: womens-euro-2001 · type: entity · evidence_tier: primary · confidence: 0.93 · last_verified: 2026-08-09 - canonical: https://futbolatlas.app/k/womens-euro-2001 · api: https://futbolatlas.app/api/k/womens-euro-2001.json Germany beat Sweden 1-0 at the Donaustadion in Ulm on a golden goal, substitute Claudia Muller scoring on 97 minutes before 18,000 people after Sweden had unexpectedly taken the hosts to extra time. The rule that ended the match there no longer exists in the Laws. Claims: - Germany beat Sweden 1-0 after extra time in the Women's EURO 2001 final at the Donaustadion in Ulm, substitute Claudia Muller scoring a golden goal on 97 minutes in front of a crowd of 18,000, after Sweden had unexpectedly taken the hosts to extra time. [confidence 0.94; sources: Who has won Women's EURO? Champions, teams, players, scorers and venues for every final (UEFA, 27 Jul 2025)] - UEFA's line-up shows Muller replacing Smisek in the 55th minute, so the substitute who ended the match had been on the pitch for 42 minutes when she scored. [confidence 0.91; sources: Who has won Women's EURO? Champions, teams, players, scorers and venues for every final (UEFA, 27 Jul 2025)] - The mechanism that decided this final no longer exists. Law 10 of the current Laws of the Game states that the only permitted procedures for determining the winning team are the away goals rule, two equal periods of extra time not exceeding 15 minutes each, and penalties taken from the penalty mark. Neither "golden goal" nor "silver goal" appears in it. [confidence 0.94; sources: Law 10 — Determining the Outcome of a Match (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] - Under those current Laws a goal in the 97th minute of a knockout match would end nothing: both periods of extra time are played in full, and only if the teams are still level do kicks from the penalty mark follow. [confidence 0.9; sources: Law 10 — Determining the Outcome of a Match (Laws of the Game 2026/27)] - The title was the third of the six consecutive Women's EUROs Germany won between 1995 and 2013. [confidence 0.92; sources: Who has won Women's EURO? Champions, teams, players, scorers and venues for every final (UEFA, 27 Jul 2025)] ## UEFA Women's EURO 2005 (champions - Germany) - id: womens-euro-2005 · type: entity · evidence_tier: primary · confidence: 0.93 · last_verified: 2026-08-09 - canonical: https://futbolatlas.app/k/womens-euro-2005 · api: https://futbolatlas.app/api/k/womens-euro-2005.json Germany beat Norway 3-1 at Ewood Park for a fourth successive title, then a record. The edition's defining number is not the final's crowd of just over 21,100 but the 29,092 who watched England play Finland in the opening match - at the time a record for a women's match anywhere in Europe. Claims: - Germany beat Norway 3-1 in the Women's EURO 2005 final at Ewood Park in Blackburn, in front of more than 21,100 spectators, for a fourth successive European title - at the time a record for the competition. Inka Grings scored on 21, Renate Lingor on 24 and Birgit Prinz on 63, with Dagny Mellgren replying on 41. [confidence 0.95; sources: 2005 - Official approval for EURO success (UEFA, 19 Jun 2005, by Kevin Ashby); Who has won Women's EURO? Champions, teams, players, scorers and venues for every final (UEFA, 27 Jul 2025)] - The tournament's biggest crowd was not the final. England's 3-2 win over Finland in the opening match at the City of Manchester Stadium on Sunday 5 June drew 29,092, which UEFA recorded at the time as a record for a women's match in Europe. In all, 117,384 spectators attended the 15 matches, played in Manchester, Blackpool, Warrington, Preston and Blackburn. [confidence 0.94; sources: 2005 - Official approval for EURO success (UEFA, 19 Jun 2005, by Kevin Ashby)] - Finland reached the semi-finals with 19,000 registered players, the smallest playing base at the tournament alongside Italy. They qualified by beating Denmark 2-1 in Blackpool on the final matchday, while Sweden's 1-0 win over the hosts eliminated England, both of whom had needed only a draw. [confidence 0.93; sources: 2005 - Official approval for EURO success (UEFA, 19 Jun 2005, by Kevin Ashby)] - The all-Scandinavian semi-final was the match of the tournament: Norway beat Sweden 3-2 after extra time, Hanna Ljungberg scoring two equalisers before Solveig Gulbrandsen's 109th-minute winner, which ended Marika Domanski-Lyfors's nine-year spell as Sweden coach. Germany reached the final by beating Finland 4-1. [confidence 0.93; sources: 2005 - Official approval for EURO success (UEFA, 19 Jun 2005, by Kevin Ashby)] - Isabell Herlovsen, then 16, made her international mark at this tournament, scoring in the semi-final win over Sweden and coming on in the final. Grings finished as leading scorer with four goals, and the title was the last act of Tina Theune-Meyer's time as Germany coach. [confidence 0.92; sources: 2005 - Official approval for EURO success (UEFA, 19 Jun 2005, by Kevin Ashby); Who has won Women's EURO? Champions, teams, players, scorers and venues for every final (UEFA, 27 Jul 2025)] - Eurosport screened every fixture live and the BBC showed England's three group games and the final; more than three and a half million viewers watched the hosts lose to Sweden on 11 June, a 20 per cent share of the English audience on a Saturday evening. The English FA was received at the House of Commons in recognition of the tournament's organisation. [confidence 0.92; sources: 2005 - Official approval for EURO success (UEFA, 19 Jun 2005, by Kevin Ashby)] ## UEFA Women's EURO 2009 (champions - Germany) - id: womens-euro-2009 · type: entity · evidence_tier: primary · confidence: 0.93 · last_verified: 2026-08-09 - canonical: https://futbolatlas.app/k/womens-euro-2009 · api: https://futbolatlas.app/api/k/womens-euro-2009.json Germany beat England 6-2 in Helsinki for a fifth consecutive title, in the highest-scoring final the competition has had. The scoreline hides the match: England were within a goal after 55 minutes, and three German goals in 14 minutes turned 3-2 into 6-2. Claims: - Germany beat England 6-2 in the Women's EURO 2009 final at the Helsinki Olympic Stadium, a fifth consecutive European title. It is the biggest win and the highest-scoring final in the competition's history. [confidence 0.95; sources: Who has won Women's EURO? Champions, teams, players, scorers and venues for every final (UEFA, 27 Jul 2025)] - The goals, in order: Birgit Prinz on 20 and Melanie Behringer on 22 for Germany, Karen Carney on 24 for England, Kim Kulig on 51, Kelly Smith on 55, then Inka Grings on 62 and 73 and Prinz again on 76. Grings and Prinz both scored twice. [confidence 0.94; sources: Who has won Women's EURO? Champions, teams, players, scorers and venues for every final (UEFA, 27 Jul 2025)] - Read in sequence, those minutes show a much closer match than 6-2 suggests: Smith's goal on 55 made it 3-2, so England were within one goal with 35 minutes played of the second half. The final margin was built by three German goals in 14 minutes, between the 62nd and the 76th. [confidence 0.92; sources: Who has won Women's EURO? Champions, teams, players, scorers and venues for every final (UEFA, 27 Jul 2025)] - UEFA's own account frames it the same way, describing Germany as having been pushed hard by a spirited England side until a decisive three-goal burst. [confidence 0.93; sources: Who has won Women's EURO? Champions, teams, players, scorers and venues for every final (UEFA, 27 Jul 2025)] ## UEFA Women's EURO 2013 (champions - Germany) - id: womens-euro-2013 · type: entity · evidence_tier: primary · confidence: 0.94 · last_verified: 2026-08-09 - canonical: https://futbolatlas.app/k/womens-euro-2013 · api: https://futbolatlas.app/api/k/womens-euro-2013.json Germany took a sixth consecutive title in Sweden, beating Norway 1-0 in Solna before a tournament-record crowd of 41,301. They did it having won only one of their three group games - and having lost 1-0 to the same Norway in the group stage. Nadine Angerer saved a penalty in each half of the final. Claims: - Germany beat Norway 1-0 in the Women's EURO 2013 final at the Friends Arena in Solna on Sunday 28 July 2013, a sixth consecutive European title. The crowd of 41,301 was a tournament record. [confidence 0.95; sources: UEFA Women's EURO 2013 roll of honour (UEFA, 28 Jul 2013, by Paul Saffer); Who has won Women's EURO? Champions, teams, players, scorers and venues for every final (UEFA, 27 Jul 2025)] - Anja Mittag scored the only goal on 49 minutes, having come on at half-time for Lena Lotzen, and Nadine Angerer saved a penalty in each half. Angerer was named player of the match and player of the tournament. [confidence 0.94; sources: Who has won Women's EURO? Champions, teams, players, scorers and venues for every final (UEFA, 27 Jul 2025); UEFA Women's EURO 2013 roll of honour (UEFA, 28 Jul 2013, by Paul Saffer)] - Germany reached that final having won only one of their three group matches: they drew 0-0 with the Netherlands, beat Iceland 3-0 and lost 1-0 to Norway - the side they then beat in the final. They went through the knockout rounds 1-0 against Italy in the quarter-finals and 1-0 against hosts Sweden in the semi-finals. [confidence 0.94; sources: UEFA Women's EURO 2013 roll of honour (UEFA, 28 Jul 2013, by Paul Saffer)] - Norway's route to the final ran through a 1-1 draw with Iceland, a 1-0 win over the Netherlands, that 1-0 win over Germany, a 3-1 quarter-final against Spain and a semi-final against Denmark that finished 1-1 and was settled 4-2 on penalties. The beaten semi-finalists were Denmark and Sweden. [confidence 0.93; sources: UEFA Women's EURO 2013 roll of honour (UEFA, 28 Jul 2013, by Paul Saffer)] - The award winners were Lotta Schelin of Sweden with the adidas Golden Boot, her team-mate Nilla Fischer with the Silver Boot and Louisa Necib of France with the Bronze Boot, while Angerer took player of the tournament. [confidence 0.94; sources: UEFA Women's EURO 2013 roll of honour (UEFA, 28 Jul 2013, by Paul Saffer)] ## UEFA Women's EURO 2017 (champions - Netherlands) - id: womens-euro-2017 · type: entity · evidence_tier: primary · confidence: 0.94 · last_verified: 2026-08-09 - canonical: https://futbolatlas.app/k/womens-euro-2017 · api: https://futbolatlas.app/api/k/womens-euro-2017.json The Netherlands won their first Women's EURO on home soil, beating Denmark 4-2 in Enschede having won all six matches. It ended Germany's 22-year reign, made the Dutch only the fourth different champion, and came seven months after they had changed coach following five defeats in eight games. Claims: - The Netherlands beat Denmark 4-2 in the Women's EURO 2017 final at the FC Twente Stadion in Enschede, winning the tournament as hosts with a perfect record of six wins from six. [confidence 0.95; sources: Who has won Women's EURO? Champions, teams, players, scorers and venues for every final (UEFA, 27 Jul 2025); Dutch delight - how the Netherlands won Women's EURO (UEFA, 6 Aug 2017, by Paul Saffer)] - Nadia Nadim's penalty on 6 minutes put Denmark ahead, Vivianne Miedema levelled on 10, Lieke Martens made it 2-1 on 28 and Pernille Harder equalised on 33 for 2-2 at the break. Sherida Spitse restored the lead on 51, with a free-kick in her own club stadium, and Miedema added the fourth on 89. [confidence 0.94; sources: Who has won Women's EURO? Champions, teams, players, scorers and venues for every final (UEFA, 27 Jul 2025); Dutch delight - how the Netherlands won Women's EURO (UEFA, 6 Aug 2017, by Paul Saffer)] - Their route: 1-0 against Norway, 1-0 against Denmark and 2-1 against Belgium to top Group A, then 2-0 against Sweden in the quarter-finals through a Martens free-kick and Miedema's first goal of the tournament, and 3-0 against England in the semi-finals. Their previous best had been the 2009 semi-finals. [confidence 0.94; sources: Dutch delight - how the Netherlands won Women's EURO (UEFA, 6 Aug 2017, by Paul Saffer)] - The win made the Netherlands only the fourth different nation to take the title and the first new champion since West Germany in 1989; the first hosts to win since Germany in 2001; and only the second nation after Germany to have been both men's and women's European champions. [confidence 0.94; sources: Dutch delight - how the Netherlands won Women's EURO (UEFA, 6 Aug 2017, by Paul Saffer)] - All six Netherlands matches sold out, for an aggregate attendance of 110,897 - a record for a single nation at a Women's EURO. The opening win over Norway in Utrecht drew a Dutch women's record crowd of 21,732, and the semi-final in Enschede a semi-final record of 27,093. [confidence 0.93; sources: Dutch delight - how the Netherlands won Women's EURO (UEFA, 6 Aug 2017, by Paul Saffer)] - The title came after a mid-cycle change of coach. A 1-0 home defeat by England in November 2016 was the Netherlands' fifth loss in eight games, and Arjan van der Laan was replaced by his assistant Sarina Wiegman, working with the experienced Foppe de Haan. Wiegman then won eight of the side's 11 friendlies in 2017. [confidence 0.93; sources: Dutch delight - how the Netherlands won Women's EURO (UEFA, 6 Aug 2017, by Paul Saffer)] - Lieke Martens was named player of the tournament, Miedema finished the knockout stage with four goals, and Mandy van den Berg and Sherida Spitse lifted the trophy together as the side's twin captains. [confidence 0.93; sources: Dutch delight - how the Netherlands won Women's EURO (UEFA, 6 Aug 2017, by Paul Saffer)] ## UEFA Women's EURO 2022 (champions - England) - id: womens-euro-2022 · type: entity · evidence_tier: primary · confidence: 0.93 · last_verified: 2026-08-09 - canonical: https://futbolatlas.app/k/womens-euro-2022 · api: https://futbolatlas.app/api/k/womens-euro-2022.json England beat Germany 2-1 after extra time at Wembley for their first major international title, in front of a record crowd of 87,192. Both England goals came from substitutes: Ella Toone, on six minutes earlier, opened the scoring, and Chloe Kelly won it in extra time after Lina Magull had equalised. Claims: - England beat Germany 2-1 after extra time in the Women's EURO 2022 final at Wembley Stadium, securing their first major international title, in front of a record crowd of 87,192. [confidence 0.95; sources: Who has won Women's EURO? Champions, teams, players, scorers and venues for every final (UEFA, 27 Jul 2025)] - Ella Toone opened the scoring on 62 minutes and Lina Magull equalised for Germany on 79, before Chloe Kelly hit the winner on 110 in extra time. [confidence 0.95; sources: Who has won Women's EURO? Champions, teams, players, scorers and venues for every final (UEFA, 27 Jul 2025)] - Both England scorers were substitutes, and both had been on the pitch only a short time before scoring: UEFA's line-up shows Toone replacing Fran Kirby on 56 minutes and scoring on 62, and Kelly replacing Beth Mead on 64 and scoring on 110. [confidence 0.92; sources: Who has won Women's EURO? Champions, teams, players, scorers and venues for every final (UEFA, 27 Jul 2025)] - It was Germany's first defeat in a Women's EURO final. UEFA's record of their tournament results shows them winning every final they had previously reached - 1989, 1991, 1995, 1997, 2001, 2005, 2009 and 2013 - with 2022 recorded as runners-up. [confidence 0.91; sources: Germany first to 50 Women's EURO games - their records, titles and stats (UEFA, 19 Jul 2025)] - England went on to retain the trophy in 2025, becoming the only nation other than Germany to do so, again after extra time and again with Kelly converting the decisive kick, this time in a shoot-out. [confidence 0.93; sources: Who has won Women's EURO? Champions, teams, players, scorers and venues for every final (UEFA, 27 Jul 2025)] ## UEFA Women's EURO 2025 (champions - England) - id: womens-euro-2025 · type: entity · evidence_tier: primary · confidence: 0.95 · last_verified: 2026-08-08 - canonical: https://futbolatlas.app/k/womens-euro-2025 · api: https://futbolatlas.app/api/k/womens-euro-2025.json The Women's EURO 2025 final at St. Jakob-Park in Basel on 27 July 2025 ended England 1-1 Spain after extra time, England winning 3-1 on penalties - Caldentey scoring for Spain, Russo equalising, Chloe Kelly converting the decisive kick - making England only the second team to retain the Women's EURO. Claims: - England retained the Women's EURO in 2025, beating world champions Spain 3-1 on penalties after a 1-1 draw following extra time in the final at St. Jakob-Park, Basel, on 27 July 2025 - only the second team to retain the title. [confidence 0.95; sources: England 1-1 Spain (aet, 3-1 pens) - Lionesses retain Women's EURO 2025 (UEFA.com)] - Mariona Caldentey gave Spain a half-time lead, Alessia Russo equalised, and Chloe Kelly converted the decisive kick after England had played 120 minutes for the third successive match; the final was a rematch of the 2023 Women's World Cup final, which Spain had won. [confidence 0.95; sources: England 1-1 Spain (aet, 3-1 pens) - Lionesses retain Women's EURO 2025 (UEFA.com)] ## Women's EURO titles by country (through 2025) - id: womens-euro-titles-by-country · type: entity · evidence_tier: primary · confidence: 0.93 · last_verified: 2026-08-09 - canonical: https://futbolatlas.app/k/womens-euro-titles-by-country · api: https://futbolatlas.app/api/k/womens-euro-titles-by-country.json Five nations have won the 14 Women's EUROs played since 1984. Germany lead on eight, a record built on six consecutive titles and a 22-year reign as champions; England have two, Norway two, and Sweden and the Netherlands one each. UEFA counts the 1989 title, won by West Germany, within Germany's eight. Claims: - Fourteen Women's EUROs have been played, from 1984 to 2025, and five nations have won them: Germany 8, Norway 2, England 2, Sweden 1 and the Netherlands 1. Germany's eight is a competition record. [confidence 0.95; sources: Germany first to 50 Women's EURO games - their records, titles and stats (UEFA, 19 Jul 2025); Who has won Women's EURO? Champions, teams, players, scorers and venues for every final (UEFA, 27 Jul 2025)] - The finals, in order: 1984 Sweden 1-1 England on aggregate, Sweden winning 4-3 on penalties; 1987 Norway 2-1 Sweden; 1989 West Germany 4-1 Norway; 1991 Germany 3-1 Norway after extra time; 1993 Norway 1-0 Italy; 1995 Germany 3-2 Sweden; 1997 Germany 2-0 Italy; 2001 Germany 1-0 Sweden on a golden goal in extra time; 2005 Germany 3-1 Norway; 2009 Germany 6-2 England; 2013 Germany 1-0 Norway; 2017 Netherlands 4-2 Denmark; 2022 England 2-1 Germany after extra time; and 2025 England 1-1 Spain after extra time, England winning 3-1 on penalties. [confidence 0.95; sources: Who has won Women's EURO? Champions, teams, players, scorers and venues for every final (UEFA, 27 Jul 2025)] - Germany's eight includes the 1989 title, which was won by West Germany: UEFA's finals page names the winner as West Germany and calls it their only European women's title before reunification, while its records page lists 1989 among Germany's eight. This is the same attribution convention UEFA applies in the men's competition, and it is why some tables show Germany with seven plus a separate West German title. [confidence 0.92; sources: Who has won Women's EURO? Champions, teams, players, scorers and venues for every final (UEFA, 27 Jul 2025); Germany first to 50 Women's EURO games - their records, titles and stats (UEFA, 19 Jul 2025)] - Germany won six consecutive titles from 1995 to 2013, a record, and held the trophy for 8,162 days - from beating Sweden in Kaiserslautern on 26 March 1995 until a quarter-final defeat by Denmark on 30 July 2017, a reign of 22 years. [confidence 0.94; sources: Germany first to 50 Women's EURO games - their records, titles and stats (UEFA, 19 Jul 2025)] - Germany also hold the records for most semi-finals (11), most games played in final tournaments (51), most won (38) and most goals scored (108), and their 6-2 win over England in 2009 is the biggest win and the highest-scoring final in the competition. [confidence 0.93; sources: Germany first to 50 Women's EURO games - their records, titles and stats (UEFA, 19 Jul 2025)] - UEFA's records page contradicts itself on one figure: it lists "Most finals: 10" for Germany, while its own tournament-by-tournament record on the same page shows eight wins, one runners-up finish in 2022 and two non-qualifications across the 14 editions, which accounts for nine finals at most. [confidence 0.88; sources: Germany first to 50 Women's EURO games - their records, titles and stats (UEFA, 19 Jul 2025)] - England are the only nation other than Germany to have retained the trophy, winning in 2022 and again in 2025. [confidence 0.93; sources: Who has won Women's EURO? Champions, teams, players, scorers and venues for every final (UEFA, 27 Jul 2025)] ## FIFA Women's World Cup 1991 (champions - USA) - id: womens-world-cup-1991 · type: entity · evidence_tier: primary · confidence: 0.93 · last_verified: 2026-08-09 - canonical: https://futbolatlas.app/k/womens-world-cup-1991 · api: https://futbolatlas.app/api/k/womens-world-cup-1991.json The inaugural Women's World Cup, in China PR, had 12 teams and 26 matches and ended at the Tianhe Stadium in Guangzhou on 30 November 1991 with USA beating Norway, Michelle Akers scoring twice. FIFA's own pages disagree on whether the final finished 2-1 or 2-0. Claims: - The first FIFA Women's World Cup was held in China PR in 1991 with 12 teams and 26 matches, the last of them between USA and Norway at the Tianhe Stadium in Guangzhou on Saturday 30 November 1991. USA won it, the first of their four titles, with two goals from Michelle Akers. [confidence 0.96; sources: Every FIFA Women's World Cup final (FIFA, published 1 Jan 2026); Who has won the most Women's World Cups? (FIFA, published 11 Aug 2023)] - FIFA's two retrospectives give different scores for that final. The more recent, "Every FIFA Women's World Cup final" (published 1 January 2026), gives USA 2-1 with Linda Medalen scoring for Norway; the older ranking article of 11 August 2023 calls it a 2-0 win. The 2-1 scoreline with the Medalen goal is FIFA's current telling. [confidence 0.9; sources: Every FIFA Women's World Cup final (FIFA, published 1 Jan 2026); Who has won the most Women's World Cups? (FIFA, published 11 Aug 2023)] - Michelle Akers, Carin Jennings and April Heinrichs scored 20 of the USA's 25 goals in the tournament, including five in the 5-2 semi-final win over Germany, where Jennings scored three and Heinrichs two. [confidence 0.94; sources: Who has won the most Women's World Cups? (FIFA, published 11 Aug 2023)] ## FIFA Women's World Cup 1995 (champions - Norway) - id: womens-world-cup-1995 · type: entity · evidence_tier: primary · confidence: 0.94 · last_verified: 2026-08-09 - canonical: https://futbolatlas.app/k/womens-world-cup-1995 · api: https://futbolatlas.app/api/k/womens-world-cup-1995.json Norway won the second Women's World Cup, beating Germany 2-0 at the Rasunda Stadium in Solna on 18 June 1995 through Hege Riise and Marianne Pettersen, after knocking out holders USA in the semi-finals. The 12-team tournament doubled as qualification for the first women's Olympic football tournament. Claims: - Norway beat Germany 2-0 in the 1995 Women's World Cup final at the Rasunda Stadium in Solna on Sunday 18 June 1995, with goals from Hege Riise and Marianne Pettersen, having eliminated holders USA in the semi-finals. It remains Norway's only world title. [confidence 0.95; sources: Every FIFA Women's World Cup final (FIFA, published 1 Jan 2026); Who has won the most Women's World Cups? (FIFA, published 11 Aug 2023)] - The 12 teams at Sweden 1995 were competing for a double prize: the world title and qualification for the first Women's Olympic Football Tournament, held at Atlanta 1996. [confidence 0.94; sources: Who has won the most Women's World Cups? (FIFA, published 11 Aug 2023)] ## FIFA Women's World Cup 1999 (champions - USA) - id: womens-world-cup-1999 · type: entity · evidence_tier: primary · confidence: 0.95 · last_verified: 2026-08-09 - canonical: https://futbolatlas.app/k/womens-world-cup-1999 · api: https://futbolatlas.app/api/k/womens-world-cup-1999.json The 1999 final at the Rose Bowl in Pasadena on 10 July 1999 ended USA 0-0 China PR after 120 minutes, the hosts winning the shoot-out 5-4 with Brandi Chastain converting the decisive kick in front of 90,185 spectators - the moment FIFA calls one of the most memorable in the tournament's history. Claims: - USA beat China PR in the 1999 Women's World Cup final at the Rose Bowl in Pasadena on Saturday 10 July 1999: goalless after 120 minutes, the hosts won the penalty shoot-out 5-4, Brandi Chastain converting the decisive kick. [confidence 0.96; sources: Every FIFA Women's World Cup final (FIFA, published 1 Jan 2026); Who has won the most Women's World Cups? (FIFA, published 11 Aug 2023)] - The final was played before a sold-out crowd of 90,185, and FIFA describes Chastain's kick as one of the most memorable moments in the tournament's history. [confidence 0.95; sources: Who has won the most Women's World Cups? (FIFA, published 11 Aug 2023); Every FIFA Women's World Cup final (FIFA, published 1 Jan 2026)] ## FIFA Women's World Cup 2003 (champions - Germany) - id: womens-world-cup-2003 · type: entity · evidence_tier: primary · confidence: 0.94 · last_verified: 2026-08-09 - canonical: https://futbolatlas.app/k/womens-world-cup-2003 · api: https://futbolatlas.app/api/k/womens-world-cup-2003.json China PR gave up the hosting of the 2003 tournament and it moved to the USA, where the hosts fell to Germany in the semi-finals. Germany beat Sweden 2-1 in the all-European final at the StubHub Center in Carson on 12 October 2003, Nia Kuenzer scoring in extra time for a first German world title. Claims: - China PR relinquished the hosting rights for the 2003 Women's World Cup and the tournament was staged in the USA instead; the hosts were knocked out by Germany in the semi-finals. [confidence 0.95; sources: Every FIFA Women's World Cup final (FIFA, published 1 Jan 2026); Who has won the most Women's World Cups? (FIFA, published 11 Aug 2023)] - Germany beat Sweden 2-1 in the all-European final at the StubHub Center in Carson on Sunday 12 October 2003, Nia Kuenzer scoring in extra time. It was the first of Germany's two world titles. [confidence 0.95; sources: Every FIFA Women's World Cup final (FIFA, published 1 Jan 2026); Who has won the most Women's World Cups? (FIFA, published 11 Aug 2023)] ## FIFA Women's World Cup 2007 (champions - Germany) - id: womens-world-cup-2007 · type: entity · evidence_tier: primary · confidence: 0.94 · last_verified: 2026-08-09 - canonical: https://futbolatlas.app/k/womens-world-cup-2007 · api: https://futbolatlas.app/api/k/womens-world-cup-2007.json Germany retained the trophy at China PR 2007, beating Brazil 2-0 at the Shanghai Hongkou Football Stadium on 30 September 2007 through Birgit Prinz and Simone Laudehr. They were the first team ever to defend the Women's World Cup, and Brazil the first South American side to reach the final. Claims: - Germany beat Brazil 2-0 in the 2007 Women's World Cup final at the Shanghai Hongkou Football Stadium on Sunday 30 September 2007, with goals from Birgit Prinz and Simone Laudehr, becoming the first team to retain the Women's World Cup. [confidence 0.95; sources: Every FIFA Women's World Cup final (FIFA, published 1 Jan 2026); Who has won the most Women's World Cups? (FIFA, published 11 Aug 2023)] - Brazil were the first South American nation to reach a Women's World Cup final, making the 2007 decider the first between a European and a South American team. [confidence 0.94; sources: Every FIFA Women's World Cup final (FIFA, published 1 Jan 2026); Who has won the most Women's World Cups? (FIFA, published 11 Aug 2023)] ## FIFA Women's World Cup 2011 (champions - Japan) - id: womens-world-cup-2011 · type: entity · evidence_tier: primary · confidence: 0.94 · last_verified: 2026-08-09 - canonical: https://futbolatlas.app/k/womens-world-cup-2011 · api: https://futbolatlas.app/api/k/womens-world-cup-2011.json Japan won their first world title in the host nation's own tournament: 2-2 with USA after 120 minutes at the Commerzbank Arena in Frankfurt on 17 July 2011, then victory on penalties. Homare Sawa's side ended Germany's run of successive titles and USA's pursuit of a third star. Claims: - Japan and USA drew 2-2 after 120 minutes in the 2011 Women's World Cup final at the Commerzbank Arena in Frankfurt on Sunday 17 July 2011, and Japan won the penalty shoot-out to claim their first Women's World Cup, denying USA a third title. [confidence 0.95; sources: Every FIFA Women's World Cup final (FIFA, published 1 Jan 2026)] - Hosts Germany, twice defending champions, went out during the tournament, ending their run of successive titles; FIFA credits the winning Japan side, led by Homare Sawa, with a modern, controlled, touch-based game. [confidence 0.93; sources: Every FIFA Women's World Cup final (FIFA, published 1 Jan 2026); Who has won the most Women's World Cups? (FIFA, published 11 Aug 2023)] ## FIFA Women's World Cup 2015 (champions - USA) - id: womens-world-cup-2015 · type: entity · evidence_tier: primary · confidence: 0.94 · last_verified: 2026-08-09 - canonical: https://futbolatlas.app/k/womens-world-cup-2015 · api: https://futbolatlas.app/api/k/womens-world-cup-2015.json USA took a third title at Canada 2015, beating Japan 5-2 at BC Place Stadium in Vancouver on 5 July 2015 in a rematch of the 2011 final - the highest-scoring Women's World Cup final, 4-0 to the USA inside 16 minutes, with a Carli Lloyd hat-trick. Claims: - USA beat Japan 5-2 at BC Place Stadium in Vancouver on Sunday 5 July 2015, in a rematch of the 2011 final; it is the highest-scoring Women's World Cup final. Carli Lloyd scored a hat-trick, with Lauren Holiday and Tobin Heath also on the scoresheet. [confidence 0.95; sources: Every FIFA Women's World Cup final (FIFA, published 1 Jan 2026)] - The USA were 4-0 up after just 16 minutes of the final, with Lloyd the standout performer of the match. [confidence 0.94; sources: Who has won the most Women's World Cups? (FIFA, published 11 Aug 2023)] ## FIFA Women's World Cup 2019 (champions - USA) - id: womens-world-cup-2019 · type: entity · evidence_tier: primary · confidence: 0.95 · last_verified: 2026-08-09 - canonical: https://futbolatlas.app/k/womens-world-cup-2019 · api: https://futbolatlas.app/api/k/womens-world-cup-2019.json USA retained the trophy at France 2019, beating the Netherlands 2-0 at the Stade de Lyon on 7 July 2019 through Rose Lavelle and Megan Rapinoe. It was the second successful defence in the tournament's history, the Netherlands' first final, and the fourth USA title. Claims: - USA beat the Netherlands 2-0 in the 2019 Women's World Cup final at the Stade de Lyon on Sunday 7 July 2019, with goals from Rose Lavelle and Megan Rapinoe, becoming only the second team to retain the Women's World Cup. It was the Netherlands' first final. [confidence 0.96; sources: Every FIFA Women's World Cup final (FIFA, published 1 Jan 2026); Who has won the most Women's World Cups? (FIFA, published 11 Aug 2023)] - The win gave USA a fourth Women's World Cup, the most of any nation, after 1991, 1999 and 2015; Megan Rapinoe was the star of the tournament. [confidence 0.95; sources: Who has won the most Women's World Cups? (FIFA, published 11 Aug 2023)] ## FIFA Women's World Cup 2023 (champions - Spain) - id: womens-world-cup-2023 · type: entity · evidence_tier: primary · confidence: 0.95 · last_verified: 2026-08-08 - canonical: https://futbolatlas.app/k/womens-world-cup-2023 · api: https://futbolatlas.app/api/k/womens-world-cup-2023.json The 2023 FIFA Women's World Cup, co-hosted by Australia and New Zealand, ended with Spain beating England 1-0 in the final at Stadium Australia on 20 August 2023 before 75,784 fans. Captain Olga Carmona scored the winner before the half-hour; Mary Earps saved a Jenni Hermoso penalty. It was Spain's first women's world title. Claims: - Spain beat England 1-0 in the FIFA Women's World Cup 2023 final at Stadium Australia on 20 August 2023, in front of 75,784 spectators, to win their first Women's World Cup. [confidence 0.96; sources: Spain 1-0 England match report - Final (FIFA.com, Women's World Cup 2023)] - Captain Olga Carmona scored the only goal before the half-hour with a low drive past Mary Earps, who later saved a second-half penalty from Jenni Hermoso. [confidence 0.95; sources: Spain 1-0 England match report - Final (FIFA.com, Women's World Cup 2023)] - Spain's 2023 women's title is the pairing behind FIFA's 2026 note that Spain became the first nation to hold the men's and women's World Cups simultaneously. [confidence 0.95; sources: Spain 1-0 England match report - Final (FIFA.com, Women's World Cup 2023); Spain crowned FIFA World Cup 2026 Champions in New York New Jersey (FIFA)] ## FIFA Women's World Cup 2027 (Brazil, upcoming) - id: womens-world-cup-2027 · type: entity · evidence_tier: primary · confidence: 0.95 · last_verified: 2026-08-08 - canonical: https://futbolatlas.app/k/womens-world-cup-2027 · api: https://futbolatlas.app/api/k/womens-world-cup-2027.json The tenth Women's World Cup runs from 24 June to 25 July 2027 in Brazil - the first in South America - with 32 teams and 64 matches across eight host cities, from the Maracana in Rio to Arena Itaquera in Sao Paulo. Spain arrive as 2023 champions and England as European champions. Claims: - The FIFA Women's World Cup 2027 takes place from 24 June to 25 July 2027 in Brazil, the tenth edition and the first held in South America, with 32 teams and 64 matches. [confidence 0.95; sources: FIFA Women's World Cup Brazil 2027 dates confirmed (FIFA Council media release)] - The eight host cities are Belo Horizonte (Mineirao), Brasilia (Estadio Nacional), Fortaleza (Arena Castelao), Porto Alegre (Beira-Rio), Recife (Arena de Pernambuco), Rio de Janeiro (Maracana), Salvador (Arena Fonte Nova) and Sao Paulo (Arena Itaquera); hosts Brazil qualify automatically. [confidence 0.95; sources: Eight vibrant Host Cities for the FIFA Women's World Cup Brazil 2027 (FIFA media release)] ## Women's World Cup titles by country (through 2023) - id: womens-world-cup-titles-by-country · type: entity · evidence_tier: primary · confidence: 0.95 · last_verified: 2026-08-09 - canonical: https://futbolatlas.app/k/womens-world-cup-titles-by-country · api: https://futbolatlas.app/api/k/womens-world-cup-titles-by-country.json Five nations have won the nine editions of the FIFA Women's World Cup played to date: USA four (1991, 1999, 2015, 2019), Germany two (2003, 2007), Norway (1995), Japan (2011) and Spain (2023) one each. Only Germany and the USA have ever retained the trophy, and Spain go to Brazil 2027 as holders. Claims: - The FIFA Women's World Cup began in 1991 and USA are the most successful nation with four titles, won in 1991, 1999, 2015 and 2019, ahead of Germany with two (2003 and 2007), Norway with one (1995) and Japan with one (2011). [confidence 0.96; sources: Who has won the most Women's World Cups? (FIFA, published 11 Aug 2023)] - Spain's 1-0 win over England at Stadium Australia on 20 August 2023 added a fifth nation to that list, so five countries have won the nine editions played to date and Spain are the current holders. [confidence 0.96; sources: Spain 1-0 England match report - Final (FIFA.com, Women's World Cup 2023); Every FIFA Women's World Cup final (FIFA, published 1 Jan 2026)] - Only two nations have successfully defended the trophy: Germany, the first back-to-back winners, in 2003 and 2007, and USA in 2015 and 2019. [confidence 0.95; sources: Every FIFA Women's World Cup final (FIFA, published 1 Jan 2026)] - The nine nations beaten in a final are Norway (1991), Germany (1995), China PR (1999), Sweden (2003), Brazil (2007), USA (2011), Japan (2015), Netherlands (2019) and England (2023) - the Netherlands and England each reaching their first final. [confidence 0.94; sources: Every FIFA Women's World Cup final (FIFA, published 1 Jan 2026)] ## FIFA World Cup 1930 (champions - Uruguay) - id: world-cup-1930 · type: entity · evidence_tier: primary · confidence: 0.93 · last_verified: 2026-08-08 - canonical: https://futbolatlas.app/k/world-cup-1930 · api: https://futbolatlas.app/api/k/world-cup-1930.json The first World Cup, played entirely in Montevideo, ended with hosts Uruguay coming from 2-1 down at half-time to beat Argentina 4-2 at the Estadio Centenario - a final played with a different ball in each half by order of referee Jean Langenus because the teams could not agree, in the year of Uruguay's independence centenary. Claims: - Hosts Uruguay beat Argentina 4-2 in the first World Cup final at the Estadio Centenario in Montevideo, trailing 2-1 at half-time before goals from Pablo Dorado, Jose Pedro Cea, Victoriano Santos Iriarte and Hector Castro completed the win; all matches of the tournament were played in Montevideo. [confidence 0.93; sources: Uruguay conquer in battle of the balls - 1930 (FIFA)] - In the absence of an official match ball both sides turned up with their own, and Belgian referee Jean Langenus ordered each half played with a different ball; Uruguay were celebrating the centenary of their independence that year, and Argentina's goals came from Carlos Peucelle and Guillermo Stabile. [confidence 0.94; sources: Uruguay conquer in battle of the balls - 1930 (FIFA)] ## FIFA World Cup 1934 (champions - Italy) - id: world-cup-1934 · type: entity · evidence_tier: primary · confidence: 0.93 · last_verified: 2026-08-08 - canonical: https://futbolatlas.app/k/world-cup-1934 · api: https://futbolatlas.app/api/k/world-cup-1934.json The 1934 World Cup ended with hosts Italy beating Czechoslovakia in extra time in the Rome final, Angelo Schiavio scoring the winner five minutes into the added period after a 1-1 draw - the first of Vittorio Pozzo's two consecutive titles. Claims: - Italy beat Czechoslovakia in the 1934 final in Rome, with the score 1-1 after 90 minutes and Angelo Schiavio scoring the winner five minutes into extra time, under coach Vittorio Pozzo. [confidence 0.94; sources: Vittorio Pozzo's unique FIFA World Cup achievement (FIFA.com, 1934 and 1938)] ## FIFA World Cup 1938 (champions - Italy) - id: world-cup-1938 · type: entity · evidence_tier: primary · confidence: 0.93 · last_verified: 2026-08-08 - canonical: https://futbolatlas.app/k/world-cup-1938 · api: https://futbolatlas.app/api/k/world-cup-1938.json The 1938 World Cup in France ended with Italy beating Hungary 4-2 in the Paris final - doubles from Gino Colaussi and Silvio Piola - making Italy the first nation to win consecutive World Cups and Vittorio Pozzo the only coach ever to win two. Claims: - Italy beat Hungary 4-2 in the 1938 final in Paris, with doubles from Gino Colaussi and Silvio Piola, becoming the first nation to win consecutive World Cups. [confidence 0.94; sources: Vittorio Pozzo's unique FIFA World Cup achievement (FIFA.com, 1934 and 1938)] - Vittorio Pozzo remains the only coach to win the World Cup twice; Brazil's 1958-1962 back-to-back came with two different coaches, Vicente Feola and Aymore Moreira. [confidence 0.94; sources: Vittorio Pozzo's unique FIFA World Cup achievement (FIFA.com, 1934 and 1938)] ## FIFA World Cup 1950 (champions - Uruguay) - id: world-cup-1950 · type: entity · evidence_tier: primary · confidence: 0.94 · last_verified: 2026-08-08 - canonical: https://futbolatlas.app/k/world-cup-1950 · api: https://futbolatlas.app/api/k/world-cup-1950.json The 1950 World Cup in Brazil had no final: Uruguay won the concluding four-team group by beating hosts Brazil 2-1 at the Maracana - the Maracanazo - coming from behind through Schiaffino and Ghiggia before a record crowd of 173,850. It was Uruguay's second title. Claims: - Uruguay won the 1950 World Cup by beating hosts Brazil 2-1 in the decisive match of the concluding four-team group at the Maracana - the tournament had no knockout final - with Friaca (47th) scoring for Brazil and Juan Schiaffino (66th) and Alcides Ghiggia (79th) completing the comeback known as the Maracanazo. [confidence 0.95; sources: Uruguay's stunning upset of Brazil - the Maracanazo (FIFA.com); Teams with the most World Cup titles (FIFA.com, updated post-2026)] - The official attendance of 173,850 remains the record for a World Cup match, with FIFA noting it is widely believed more than 200,000 were inside; FIFA quotes Ghiggia saying only three people have silenced the Maracana - "the Pope, Frank Sinatra and me". [confidence 0.94; sources: Uruguay's stunning upset of Brazil - the Maracanazo (FIFA.com)] ## FIFA World Cup 1954 (champions - West Germany) - id: world-cup-1954 · type: entity · evidence_tier: primary · confidence: 0.94 · last_verified: 2026-08-08 - canonical: https://futbolatlas.app/k/world-cup-1954 · api: https://futbolatlas.app/api/k/world-cup-1954.json The 1954 World Cup in Switzerland ended with the Miracle of Bern: West Germany came from 2-0 down inside eight minutes to beat Hungary 3-2 at the Wankdorf Stadium, Helmut Rahn scoring twice including the late winner, against a Hungary side that had beaten them 8-3 in the group stage and were the biggest final favourites in World Cup history. Claims: - West Germany beat Hungary 3-2 in the 1954 final at the Wankdorf Stadium in Bern, attendance 62,500: Ferenc Puskas (6th) and Zoltan Czibor (8th) put Hungary 2-0 up, Max Morlock (10th) and Helmut Rahn (18th) levelled, and Rahn scored the winner in the 84th minute. [confidence 0.95; sources: The Miracle of Bern - West Germany v Hungary, 1954 final (FIFA.com)] - Hungary arrived as the most emphatic final favourites in World Cup history - first overseas team to beat England at Wembley, 7-1 winners over England a month before the tournament, and 8-3 winners over West Germany in the group stage - making the defeat the original World Cup miracle. [confidence 0.94; sources: The Miracle of Bern - West Germany v Hungary, 1954 final (FIFA.com)] ## FIFA World Cup 1958 (champions - Brazil) - id: world-cup-1958 · type: entity · evidence_tier: primary · confidence: 0.94 · last_verified: 2026-08-08 - canonical: https://futbolatlas.app/k/world-cup-1958 · api: https://futbolatlas.app/api/k/world-cup-1958.json The 1958 World Cup ended with Brazil beating hosts Sweden 5-2 in Stockholm - still the highest-scoring World Cup final - for their first title. Pele, at 17 years and 249 days, remains the youngest player to appear in and score in a World Cup final, after a semi-final hat-trick against France. Claims: - Brazil beat hosts Sweden 5-2 in the 1958 final - with seven goals, still the highest-scoring World Cup final - to win their first title, with Pele scoring twice. [confidence 0.95; sources: Pele - youngest goal and final scorer records, 1958 (FIFA.com)] - At 17 years and 249 days Pele remains the youngest player to appear in a World Cup final, and his first goal against Sweden made him the youngest scorer in one; he had scored a hat-trick against France in the semi-final. [confidence 0.95; sources: Pele - youngest goal and final scorer records, 1958 (FIFA.com)] - FIFA records that Brazil's team psychologist advised against taking the 17-year-old to Sweden, and that coach Vicente Feola overruled him, saying that if Pele's knee was ready, he would play. [confidence 0.93; sources: Pele - youngest goal and final scorer records, 1958 (FIFA.com)] ## FIFA World Cup 1962 (champions - Brazil) - id: world-cup-1962 · type: entity · evidence_tier: primary · confidence: 0.94 · last_verified: 2026-08-08 - canonical: https://futbolatlas.app/k/world-cup-1962 · api: https://futbolatlas.app/api/k/world-cup-1962.json The 1962 World Cup in Chile ended with Brazil retaining the title, beating Czechoslovakia 3-1 in the final - with Garrincha, sent off in the semi-final against the hosts, allowed to play after a petition backed even by Chile's president. Brazil became the second nation to win consecutive World Cups. Claims: - Brazil retained the World Cup in Chile in 1962, beating Czechoslovakia 3-1 in the final; per FIFA's honours table it is one of their five titles (1958, 1962, 1970, 1994, 2002). [confidence 0.96; sources: Chile bows to glorious Garrincha - 1962 (FIFA.com); Teams with the most World Cup titles (FIFA.com, updated post-2026)] - Garrincha scored twice in the 4-2 semi-final win over hosts Chile at the Estadio Nacional (attendance 76,594) but was sent off; a supporter petition, backed by Chile's president Jorge Alessandri, helped clear him to play the final, where Brazil won 3-1. [confidence 0.93; sources: Chile bows to glorious Garrincha - 1962 (FIFA.com)] ## FIFA World Cup 1966 (champions - England) - id: world-cup-1966 · type: entity · evidence_tier: primary · confidence: 0.95 · last_verified: 2026-08-08 - canonical: https://futbolatlas.app/k/world-cup-1966 · api: https://futbolatlas.app/api/k/world-cup-1966.json The 1966 World Cup ended with hosts England beating West Germany 4-2 after extra time at Wembley before 96,924 fans - Geoff Hurst scoring the only hat-trick in a men's World Cup final (18', 101', 120'), including the crossbar goal awarded after the referee consulted linesman Tofiq Bahramov. It remains England's only title. Claims: - England beat West Germany 4-2 after extra time in the 1966 final at Wembley, attendance 96,924: Helmut Haller (12th) scored first, Geoff Hurst (18th) and Martin Peters (78th) put England ahead, Wolfgang Weber (89th) forced extra time, and Hurst scored twice more (101st, 120th). [confidence 0.96; sources: Geoff Hurst hat-trick fires England to win over West Germany (FIFA.com)] - Hurst became the first player to score a hat-trick in a World Cup final; his second goal, in off the underside of the crossbar, was awarded after referee Gottfried Dienst consulted linesman Tofiq Bahramov, and his third came with nine seconds of extra time left. [confidence 0.95; sources: Geoff Hurst hat-trick fires England to win over West Germany (FIFA.com)] ## FIFA World Cup 1970 (champions - Brazil) - id: world-cup-1970 · type: entity · evidence_tier: primary · confidence: 0.95 · last_verified: 2026-08-08 - canonical: https://futbolatlas.app/k/world-cup-1970 · api: https://futbolatlas.app/api/k/world-cup-1970.json The 1970 World Cup in Mexico ended with Brazil beating Italy 4-1 at the Estadio Azteca on 21 June 1970 before 107,412 fans - Pele, Gerson, Jairzinho and Carlos Alberto scoring in what FIFA calls the greatest final performance. Brazil's third title meant they kept the Jules Rimet Trophy permanently. Claims: - Brazil beat Italy 4-1 in the 1970 final at the Estadio Azteca in Mexico City on Sunday 21 June 1970, attendance 107,412, with goals from Pele (18th), Gerson (66th), Jairzinho (71st) and Carlos Alberto (86th); Roberto Boninsegna (37th) scored for Italy. Mario Zagallo coached Brazil. [confidence 0.96; sources: The Beautiful Team's coronation - Brazil v Italy, Mexico 1970 final (FIFA.com)] - It was the first final between two former champions, with the added stake that the winners would keep the Jules Rimet Trophy; Brazil's third title secured it, and Carlos Alberto's team goal is described by FIFA as one of the most breathtaking in World Cup history. [confidence 0.95; sources: The Beautiful Team's coronation - Brazil v Italy, Mexico 1970 final (FIFA.com)] ## FIFA World Cup 1974 (champions - West Germany) - id: world-cup-1974 · type: entity · evidence_tier: primary · confidence: 0.94 · last_verified: 2026-08-08 - canonical: https://futbolatlas.app/k/world-cup-1974 · api: https://futbolatlas.app/api/k/world-cup-1974.json The 1974 World Cup ended with hosts West Germany beating the Netherlands 2-1 at Munich's Olympiastadion on 7 July 1974, coming from behind after Johan Neeskens's 88-second penalty - still the fastest goal in a World Cup final, scored before West Germany had touched the ball - through a Paul Breitner penalty and Gerd Muller's winner. Claims: - West Germany beat the Netherlands 2-1 in the 1974 final at the Olympiastadion in Munich on Sunday 7 July 1974, with a Paul Breitner penalty and a Gerd Muller winner overturning the Dutch lead. [confidence 0.95; sources: Johan Neeskens record - fastest goal in a World Cup final (FIFA.com)] - Johan Neeskens converted a penalty after 88 seconds, before West Germany had touched the ball, following a foul on Johan Cruyff - it remains the fastest goal in a World Cup final. [confidence 0.95; sources: Johan Neeskens record - fastest goal in a World Cup final (FIFA.com)] ## FIFA World Cup 1978 (champions - Argentina) - id: world-cup-1978 · type: entity · evidence_tier: primary · confidence: 0.94 · last_verified: 2026-08-08 - canonical: https://futbolatlas.app/k/world-cup-1978 · api: https://futbolatlas.app/api/k/world-cup-1978.json The 1978 World Cup ended with hosts Argentina beating the Netherlands 3-1 after extra time at El Monumental in Buenos Aires on 25 June 1978 - two goals from Mario Kempes, who won both the Golden Ball and the Golden Boot with six goals, and a Bertoni clincher, after Rensenbrink had hit the post for the Dutch seconds from full time. Claims: - Hosts Argentina beat the Netherlands 3-1 after extra time in the 1978 final at El Monumental, Buenos Aires, on Sunday 25 June 1978, before a crowd of more than 70,000; Mario Kempes scored twice and Daniel Bertoni added the third, after the Netherlands had levelled late in normal time. [confidence 0.95; sources: Clean-shaven Kempes illuminates Argentina - 1978 (FIFA.com)] - Seconds from the end of the regulation 90 minutes, Rob Rensenbrink's shot struck the post with the score level - the Netherlands' closest moment to a first title; Kempes finished the tournament with six goals, winning both the Golden Ball and the Golden Boot. [confidence 0.94; sources: Clean-shaven Kempes illuminates Argentina - 1978 (FIFA.com)] ## FIFA World Cup 1982 (champions - Italy) - id: world-cup-1982 · type: entity · evidence_tier: primary · confidence: 0.94 · last_verified: 2026-08-08 - canonical: https://futbolatlas.app/k/world-cup-1982 · api: https://futbolatlas.app/api/k/world-cup-1982.json The 1982 World Cup in Spain ended with Italy beating West Germany 3-1 at the Santiago Bernabeu on 11 July 1982 - Rossi, Tardelli (with the legendary celebration) and Altobelli scoring. Paolo Rossi won both the Golden Boot (six goals) and Golden Ball after not scoring in Italy's first four games, including a hat-trick that eliminated favourites Brazil. Claims: - Italy beat West Germany 3-1 in the 1982 final at the Santiago Bernabeu in Madrid on 11 July 1982, with goals from Paolo Rossi (57th), Marco Tardelli (69th) and Alessandro Altobelli (81st); Paul Breitner replied for West Germany (83rd). [confidence 0.95; sources: Paolo Rossi - goal drought to Golden Ball, 1982 World Cup (FIFA.com)] - Paolo Rossi won the Golden Boot with six goals and the Golden Ball despite not scoring in Italy's first four matches - no other player has taken as many games to open their account and still finished a World Cup as top scorer - including a hat-trick against favourites Brazil, and goals in the semi-final and final. [confidence 0.94; sources: Paolo Rossi - goal drought to Golden Ball, 1982 World Cup (FIFA.com)] ## FIFA World Cup 1986 (champions - Argentina) - id: world-cup-1986 · type: entity · evidence_tier: primary · confidence: 0.95 · last_verified: 2026-08-08 - canonical: https://futbolatlas.app/k/world-cup-1986 · api: https://futbolatlas.app/api/k/world-cup-1986.json The 1986 World Cup in Mexico ended with Argentina beating West Germany 3-2 in the Azteca final on 29 June 1986 before 114,000 fans - Brown, Valdano and Burruchaga scoring after a Maradona through-ball settled it. It was Maradona's tournament: Golden Ball, five goals and five assists, including the Hand of God and the Goal of the Century against England. Claims: - Argentina beat West Germany 3-2 in the 1986 final at the Estadio Azteca in Mexico City on 29 June 1986, before 114,000 spectators: Jose Luis Brown (23rd) and Jorge Valdano (56th) put Argentina 2-0 up, Karl-Heinz Rummenigge (74th) and Rudi Voller (81st) levelled, and Jorge Burruchaga won it in the 84th from Maradona's pass. [confidence 0.95; sources: Argentina beat West Germany in Maradona's World Cup (FIFA, Mexico 1986)] - Diego Maradona won the Golden Ball and the Silver Boot with five goals and five assists - a hand in ten of Argentina's fourteen goals - including both goals of the England quarter-final: the punched "Hand of God" and the slaloming "Goal of the Century". [confidence 0.95; sources: Argentina beat West Germany in Maradona's World Cup (FIFA, Mexico 1986)] ## FIFA World Cup 1990 (champions - West Germany) - id: world-cup-1990 · type: entity · evidence_tier: primary · confidence: 0.94 · last_verified: 2026-08-08 - canonical: https://futbolatlas.app/k/world-cup-1990 · api: https://futbolatlas.app/api/k/world-cup-1990.json The 1990 World Cup in Italy ended with West Germany beating holders Argentina 1-0 in Rome's Stadio Olimpico, Andreas Brehme converting an 85th-minute penalty past Sergio Goycochea after Rudi Voller was fouled. Argentina had two players sent off; it was West Germany's third title. Claims: - West Germany beat holders Argentina 1-0 in the 1990 final at the Stadio Olimpico in Rome, Andreas Brehme scoring the only goal from the penalty spot in the 85th minute after Rudi Voller was fouled, with Mexican referee Edgardo Codesal Mendez awarding the kick. It was West Germany's third world title. [confidence 0.95; sources: A magical night in Rome - 1990 final (FIFA)] - Brehme beat penalty specialist Sergio Goycochea low into the bottom-left corner; Argentina finished with nine men after Gustavo Dezotti and Pedro Monzon were sent off in a combative final. [confidence 0.94; sources: A magical night in Rome - 1990 final (FIFA)] ## FIFA World Cup 1994 (champions - Brazil) - id: world-cup-1994 · type: entity · evidence_tier: primary · confidence: 0.94 · last_verified: 2026-08-08 - canonical: https://futbolatlas.app/k/world-cup-1994 · api: https://futbolatlas.app/api/k/world-cup-1994.json The 1994 World Cup in the USA ended with Brazil beating Italy in the first final decided on penalties, after a 0-0 draw at the Rose Bowl in Pasadena - Roberto Baggio skying the decisive kick. It was Brazil's fourth title, ending a 24-year wait since 1970. Claims: - Brazil beat Italy on penalties (3-2) after a 0-0 draw across 120 minutes in the 1994 final at the Rose Bowl in Pasadena - the first World Cup final decided by a shoot-out and Brazil's fourth title. [confidence 0.95; sources: Baggio's American nightmare - 1994 final (FIFA.com); Teams with the most World Cup titles (FIFA.com, updated post-2026)] - With Daniele Massaro's kick saved, Roberto Baggio needed to score to keep Italy alive; having judged that Taffarel always dived, he aimed high down the middle and fired over. FIFA quotes Baggio calling the miss "a wound that never closes". [confidence 0.94; sources: Baggio's American nightmare - 1994 final (FIFA.com)] ## FIFA World Cup 1998 (champions - France) - id: world-cup-1998 · type: entity · evidence_tier: primary · confidence: 0.95 · last_verified: 2026-08-08 - canonical: https://futbolatlas.app/k/world-cup-1998 · api: https://futbolatlas.app/api/k/world-cup-1998.json The 1998 World Cup ended with hosts France beating holders Brazil 3-0 at the Stade de France on 12 July 1998 - two first-half Zidane headers from corners and an injury-time third by Emmanuel Petit - for their first title, making France the sixth host nation to win at home. Claims: - France beat Brazil 3-0 in the World Cup final at the Stade de France on 12 July 1998 to win their first title, becoming the sixth host nation to win the tournament at home, before a crowd of 80,000. [confidence 0.96; sources: Zidane ends France's long wait - 1998 final (FIFA.com)] - Zinedine Zidane scored two first-half headers from corners delivered by Emmanuel Petit and Youri Djorkaeff - he remains the only player to score two headers in a World Cup final - and Petit added the third in stoppage time from Patrick Vieira's pass. [confidence 0.95; sources: Zidane ends France's long wait - 1998 final (FIFA.com)] ## FIFA World Cup 2002 (champions - Brazil) - id: world-cup-2002 · type: entity · evidence_tier: primary · confidence: 0.95 · last_verified: 2026-08-08 - canonical: https://futbolatlas.app/k/world-cup-2002 · api: https://futbolatlas.app/api/k/world-cup-2002.json The 2002 World Cup, co-hosted by Korea Republic and Japan, ended with Brazil beating Germany 2-0 in the Yokohama final on 30 June 2002 - Ronaldo scoring both goals (67th and 79th minutes) to complete his redemption from 1998 and win the Golden Boot. Brazil won all seven games to claim a record fifth title. Claims: - Brazil beat Germany 2-0 in the World Cup final at International Stadium Yokohama on Sunday 30 June 2002, with Ronaldo scoring both goals in the 67th and 79th minutes, winning the tournament's Golden Boot. [confidence 0.96; sources: Fenomeno's final double - Ronaldo, Brazil 2002 (FIFA.com)] - The victory was Brazil's fifth World Cup title, still the record, and came with seven wins in seven matches; for Ronaldo it followed the 1998 final defeat amid controversy over his fitness and years of injury problems. [confidence 0.95; sources: Fenomeno's final double - Ronaldo, Brazil 2002 (FIFA.com)] ## FIFA World Cup 2006 (champions - Italy) - id: world-cup-2006 · type: entity · evidence_tier: primary · confidence: 0.95 · last_verified: 2026-08-08 - canonical: https://futbolatlas.app/k/world-cup-2006 · api: https://futbolatlas.app/api/k/world-cup-2006.json The 2006 World Cup in Germany ended with Italy beating France 5-3 on penalties after a 1-1 draw at Berlin's Olympiastadion on 9 July 2006 - a final remembered for Zidane's early penalty, Materazzi's equaliser, and Zidane's 110th-minute red card for headbutting Materazzi. It was Italy's fourth title and their first shoot-out win at a World Cup. Claims: - Italy beat France 5-3 on penalties after a 1-1 draw in the World Cup final at the Olympiastadion in Berlin on Sunday 9 July 2006, with Fabio Grosso converting the winning kick. [confidence 0.96; sources: Italy conquer the world as Germany wins friends (FIFA, Germany 2006)] - Zinedine Zidane put France ahead with a seventh-minute penalty and Marco Materazzi equalised with a header in the 19th; in the 110th minute Zidane was sent off for headbutting Materazzi in the chest. [confidence 0.95; sources: Italy conquer the world as Germany wins friends (FIFA, Germany 2006)] - The shoot-out win was Italy's first at a World Cup, after three previous penalty failures on the world stage, per FIFA's report. [confidence 0.93; sources: Italy conquer the world as Germany wins friends (FIFA, Germany 2006)] ## FIFA World Cup 2010 (champions - Spain) - id: world-cup-2010 · type: entity · evidence_tier: primary · confidence: 0.95 · last_verified: 2026-08-08 - canonical: https://futbolatlas.app/k/world-cup-2010 · api: https://futbolatlas.app/api/k/world-cup-2010.json The 2010 World Cup in South Africa ended with Spain beating the Netherlands 1-0 after extra time at Soccer City, Johannesburg, on 11 July 2010 - Andres Iniesta scoring with four minutes of extra time to spare and revealing his tribute to Dani Jarque. It was Spain's first world title, won with three consecutive 1-0 knockout wins beforehand. Claims: - Spain beat the Netherlands 1-0 after extra time in the World Cup final at Soccer City, Johannesburg, on Sunday 11 July 2010, winning their first world title; Andres Iniesta scored the winner with four minutes of extra time to spare. [confidence 0.96; sources: Spain's humble hero seizes his moment - Iniesta 2010 final (FIFA.com)] - After scoring, Iniesta revealed a shirt reading "Dani Jarque siempre con nosotros" in tribute to his late friend; earlier in the final Iker Casillas twice denied Arjen Robben and Johnny Heitinga was sent off. [confidence 0.94; sources: Spain's humble hero seizes his moment - Iniesta 2010 final (FIFA.com)] - Spain reached the final with three consecutive 1-0 knockout wins over Portugal, Paraguay and Germany, per FIFA's retrospective. [confidence 0.94; sources: Spain's humble hero seizes his moment - Iniesta 2010 final (FIFA.com)] ## FIFA World Cup 2014 (champions - Germany) - id: world-cup-2014 · type: entity · evidence_tier: primary · confidence: 0.95 · last_verified: 2026-08-08 - canonical: https://futbolatlas.app/k/world-cup-2014 · api: https://futbolatlas.app/api/k/world-cup-2014.json The 2014 World Cup in Brazil ended with Germany beating Argentina 1-0 after extra time in the Maracana final on 13 July 2014, Mario Gotze volleying the winner from Andre Schurrle's cross - at 22 years and 40 days the youngest scorer in a World Cup final since Wolfgang Weber in 1966. Claims: - Germany beat Argentina 1-0 after extra time in the World Cup final at the Maracana (Estadio Jornalista Mario Filho) in Rio de Janeiro on Sunday 13 July 2014. [confidence 0.96; sources: World Cup wonder goals - Mario Gotze v Argentina 2014 (FIFA.com)] - Substitute Mario Gotze scored the extra-time winner, chesting down Andre Schurrle's cross from the left and volleying into the far corner; at 22 years and 40 days he was the youngest scorer in a World Cup final since Wolfgang Weber in 1966. [confidence 0.95; sources: World Cup wonder goals - Mario Gotze v Argentina 2014 (FIFA.com)] - Coach Joachim Low sent Gotze on in the 88th minute with the words "Show the world you are better than Messi", per FIFA's account of the final. [confidence 0.93; sources: World Cup wonder goals - Mario Gotze v Argentina 2014 (FIFA.com)] ## FIFA World Cup 2018 (champions - France) - id: world-cup-2018 · type: entity · evidence_tier: primary · confidence: 0.95 · last_verified: 2026-08-08 - canonical: https://futbolatlas.app/k/world-cup-2018 · api: https://futbolatlas.app/api/k/world-cup-2018.json The 2018 World Cup in Russia ended with France beating Croatia 4-2 in the final at the Luzhniki Stadium in Moscow on 15 July 2018 - a final featuring the first own goal in a World Cup decider and a VAR-reviewed penalty - for a second title, twenty years after 1998, with Didier Deschamps now as coach. Claims: - France beat Croatia 4-2 in the World Cup final at the Luzhniki Stadium in Moscow on Sunday 15 July 2018, securing their second title and emulating the 1998 side that included coach Didier Deschamps as a player. [confidence 0.96; sources: Formidable France secure second title (FIFA, Russia 2018)] - France scored through a Mario Mandzukic own goal (18th minute, the first own goal ever in a World Cup final), an Antoine Griezmann penalty (38th) awarded after a VAR review for handball by Ivan Perisic, Paul Pogba (59th) and Kylian Mbappe (65th); Croatia scored through Perisic (28th) and Mandzukic (69th). [confidence 0.95; sources: Formidable France secure second title (FIFA, Russia 2018)] ## FIFA World Cup 2022 (champions - Argentina) - id: world-cup-2022 · type: entity · evidence_tier: primary · confidence: 0.95 · last_verified: 2026-08-08 - canonical: https://futbolatlas.app/k/world-cup-2022 · api: https://futbolatlas.app/api/k/world-cup-2022.json The 2022 World Cup in Qatar ended with Argentina beating France on penalties (4-2) after a 3-3 draw in the Lusail final on 18 December 2022 - Messi scoring twice and winning a second Golden Ball, Mbappe scoring a final hat-trick and taking the Golden Boot with eight goals. It was the last 32-team World Cup. Claims: - Argentina beat France 4-2 on penalties after a 3-3 draw following extra time in the World Cup final at Lusail Stadium on 18 December 2022; Gonzalo Montiel converted the clinching kick after misses by Kingsley Coman and Aurelien Tchouameni. [confidence 0.96; sources: The excitement and emotion of a classic final - Argentina v France (FIFA.com)] - Lionel Messi scored twice in the final and won the Golden Ball for a second time; Kylian Mbappe scored a hat-trick and won the Golden Boot as top scorer with eight goals. Angel Di Maria scored Argentina's other goal. [confidence 0.95; sources: The excitement and emotion of a classic final - Argentina v France (FIFA.com)] - Argentina entered 2026 as defending champions from this victory over 2018 winners France, and Qatar 2022 was the last edition with 32 teams and 64 matches before the 48-team format. [confidence 0.95; sources: How the FIFA World Cup 26 will work with 48 teams (FIFA, 1 Mar 2023); The excitement and emotion of a classic final - Argentina v France (FIFA.com)] ## FIFA World Cup 2026 - id: world-cup-2026 · type: entity · evidence_tier: primary · confidence: 0.95 · last_verified: 2026-08-08 - canonical: https://futbolatlas.app/k/world-cup-2026 · api: https://futbolatlas.app/api/k/world-cup-2026.json The 23rd FIFA World Cup, co-hosted by Canada, Mexico and the United States from 11 June to 19 July 2026: the first 48-team, 104-match edition, played in 16 host cities and won by Spain, who beat Argentina 1-0 after extra time in the final. Claims: - The FIFA World Cup 2026 was co-hosted by Canada, Mexico and the United States between 11 June and 19 July 2026, in 16 host cities: Vancouver and Toronto (Canada); Guadalajara, Mexico City and Monterrey (Mexico); and Atlanta, Boston, Dallas, Houston, Kansas City, Los Angeles, Miami, New York/New Jersey, Philadelphia, San Francisco and Seattle (USA). [confidence 0.96; sources: How the FIFA World Cup 26 will work with 48 teams (FIFA, 1 Mar 2023)] - It was the first World Cup with 48 teams and 104 matches, replacing the 32-team, eight-group format used through 2022. [confidence 0.96; sources: How the FIFA World Cup 26 will work with 48 teams (FIFA, 1 Mar 2023); Spain crowned FIFA World Cup 2026 Champions in New York New Jersey (FIFA)] - Spain won the tournament, beating defending champions Argentina 1-0 after extra time in the final on 19 July 2026 at New York New Jersey Stadium; it was Spain's second title. [confidence 0.97; sources: Spain crowned FIFA World Cup 2026 Champions in New York New Jersey (FIFA); World Cup 2026 - Final tournament standings (FIFA, 20 Jul 2026)] - FIFA reported a record total stadium attendance of 6,810,966 for the 23rd edition, with 308 goals scored across the tournament's 39 days. [confidence 0.94; sources: Spain crowned FIFA World Cup 2026 Champions in New York New Jersey (FIFA)] - England finished third after beating France 6-4 in the bronze final at Miami Stadium, their best finish since winning in 1966; France finished fourth. [confidence 0.96; sources: World Cup 2026 - Final tournament standings (FIFA, 20 Jul 2026)] - Facts in this object postdate common LLM training cutoffs (the tournament concluded 19 July 2026) and were verified against FIFA primary pages on the date in last_verified. [confidence 0.97; sources: Spain crowned FIFA World Cup 2026 Champions in New York New Jersey (FIFA); World Cup 2026 - Final tournament standings (FIFA, 20 Jul 2026)] ## FIFA World Cup 2026 individual awards - id: world-cup-2026-awards · type: entity · evidence_tier: primary · confidence: 0.96 · last_verified: 2026-08-08 - canonical: https://futbolatlas.app/k/world-cup-2026-awards · api: https://futbolatlas.app/api/k/world-cup-2026-awards.json The official individual awards of the 2026 World Cup: Rodri won the Golden Ball, Kylian Mbappe the Golden Boot with ten goals, Unai Simon the Golden Glove with seven clean sheets, Pau Cubarsi the Young Player Award, and the Netherlands the Fair Play Trophy. Claims: - Rodri (Spain) won the adidas Golden Ball as best player; Lionel Messi (Argentina) took the Silver Ball and Kylian Mbappe (France) the Bronze Ball. [confidence 0.96; sources: FIFA World Cup awards - Rodri, Cubarsi, Simon and Mbappe honoured (FIFA, 19 Jul 2026)] - Kylian Mbappe (France) won the adidas Golden Boot with ten goals in eight matches; Lionel Messi (Argentina) took the Silver Boot with eight goals and Jude Bellingham (England) the Bronze Boot. [confidence 0.96; sources: FIFA World Cup awards - Rodri, Cubarsi, Simon and Mbappe honoured (FIFA, 19 Jul 2026)] - Unai Simon (Spain) won the adidas Golden Glove after seven clean sheets in eight matches, including the final. [confidence 0.96; sources: FIFA World Cup awards - Rodri, Cubarsi, Simon and Mbappe honoured (FIFA, 19 Jul 2026)] - Pau Cubarsi (Spain) received the FIFA Young Player Award, and the Netherlands won the FIFA Fair Play Trophy. [confidence 0.96; sources: FIFA World Cup awards - Rodri, Cubarsi, Simon and Mbappe honoured (FIFA, 19 Jul 2026)] ## World Cup 2026 - the questions everyone asks - id: world-cup-2026-faq · type: faq · evidence_tier: primary · confidence: 0.95 · last_verified: 2026-08-08 - canonical: https://futbolatlas.app/k/world-cup-2026-faq · api: https://futbolatlas.app/api/k/world-cup-2026-faq.json Verified answers to the most-asked questions about the 2026 World Cup: the champion, the score and scorer of the final, the top scorer, the third place, the host cities and the records set, all bound to FIFA primary pages. Claims: - Spain won the 2026 World Cup, their second title, beating Argentina 1-0 after extra time in the final at New York New Jersey Stadium on 19 July 2026, with Ferran Torres scoring in the 106th minute. [confidence 0.97; sources: Spain crowned FIFA World Cup 2026 Champions in New York New Jersey (FIFA)] - Kylian Mbappe was top scorer with ten goals in eight matches, ahead of Lionel Messi with eight. [confidence 0.96; sources: FIFA World Cup awards - Rodri, Cubarsi, Simon and Mbappe honoured (FIFA, 19 Jul 2026)] - England took third place by beating France 6-4 in the bronze final, with a Bukayo Saka hat-trick, at Miami Stadium. [confidence 0.95; sources: World Cup 2026 - Final tournament standings (FIFA, 20 Jul 2026)] - The tournament set an attendance record with 6,810,966 stadium spectators, and Spain became the first nation to hold the men's and women's World Cup trophies at the same time. [confidence 0.95; sources: Spain crowned FIFA World Cup 2026 Champions in New York New Jersey (FIFA)] - Norway, returning to the World Cup for the first time since 1998, finished fifth, the best-ranked team eliminated before the bronze final. [confidence 0.93; sources: World Cup 2026 - Final tournament standings (FIFA, 20 Jul 2026)] # World Cup 2026 - the questions everyone asks **Who won?** Spain — their second title, after 2010. They beat defending champions Argentina 1-0 after extra time in the final at New York New Jersey Stadium on 19 July 2026. **Who scored?** Ferran Torres, in the 106th minute. FIFA's official report places the goal in the 106th; some press reports say the 105th — this corpus follows FIFA. **Who was top scorer?** Kylian Mbappe, with ten goals in eight matches (Golden Boot). Lionel Messi finished with eight (Silver Boot). **Who came third?** England, with their best finish since 1966: a 6-4 win over France in the bronze final at Miami Stadium, including a Bukayo Saka hat-trick. **What records fell?** Total attendance: 6,810,966, a World Cup record across the first 48-team, 104-match edition. Spain also became the first nation to hold the men's and women's World Cup trophies simultaneously. **A surprise package?** Norway — back at a World Cup for the first time since 1998 — finished fifth, the best placing of any team knocked out before the bronze final. ## FIFA World Cup 2026 final (Spain 1-0 Argentina) - id: world-cup-2026-final · type: entity · evidence_tier: primary · confidence: 0.95 · last_verified: 2026-08-08 - canonical: https://futbolatlas.app/k/world-cup-2026-final · api: https://futbolatlas.app/api/k/world-cup-2026-final.json The 2026 World Cup final, played 19 July 2026 at New York New Jersey Stadium: Spain beat defending champions Argentina 1-0 after extra time, Ferran Torres scoring the only goal in the 106th minute, to win their second title and become the first nation to hold the men's and women's World Cups simultaneously. Claims: - Spain defeated Argentina 1-0 after extra time in the final on Sunday 19 July 2026 at New York New Jersey Stadium, with Ferran Torres scoring the only goal in the 106th minute. [confidence 0.97; sources: Spain crowned FIFA World Cup 2026 Champions in New York New Jersey (FIFA)] - It was Spain's second World Cup title, and made Spain the first nation to hold the FIFA World Cup and FIFA Women's World Cup trophies simultaneously. [confidence 0.96; sources: Spain crowned FIFA World Cup 2026 Champions in New York New Jersey (FIFA)] - FIFA's standings report notes Spain had 20 attempts on goal to Argentina's two across the 120 minutes of the final. [confidence 0.94; sources: World Cup 2026 - Final tournament standings (FIFA, 20 Jul 2026)] - Spain reached the final unbeaten, conceding only one goal in the tournament, after a goalless opening draw with Cabo Verde and wins over Saudi Arabia, Uruguay, Austria, Portugal, Belgium and France; Argentina arrived as defending champions having beaten Cabo Verde, Egypt, Switzerland and England in the knockout rounds. [confidence 0.94; sources: World Cup 2026 - Final tournament standings (FIFA, 20 Jul 2026)] ## World Cup all-time top scorers (through 2026) - id: world-cup-all-time-top-scorers · type: entity · evidence_tier: primary · confidence: 0.95 · last_verified: 2026-08-08 - canonical: https://futbolatlas.app/k/world-cup-all-time-top-scorers · api: https://futbolatlas.app/api/k/world-cup-all-time-top-scorers.json The all-time World Cup scoring chart after the 2026 tournament, from FIFA's own final-day list: Kylian Mbappe leads with 22 goals in 22 matches, ahead of Lionel Messi (21), Miroslav Klose (16), Ronaldo (15), Harry Kane and Gerd Muller (14), Just Fontaine (13) and Pele (12) - Klose's long-standing record having fallen twice in one tournament. Claims: - Kylian Mbappe is the all-time World Cup top scorer with 22 goals in 22 matches: four at Russia 2018, eight at Qatar 2022 and ten at the 2026 tournament, where he won the Golden Boot for a second successive World Cup. [confidence 0.96; sources: FIFA World Cup all-time leading scorers (FIFA.com, 19 Jul 2026)] - Lionel Messi is second with 21 goals across six World Cups (one in 2006, none in 2010, four in 2014, one in 2018, seven in 2022, eight in 2026) in a record 34 matches; in 2026 he scored his first World Cup hat-trick, against Algeria, and briefly held the all-time record before Mbappe passed him. [confidence 0.95; sources: FIFA World Cup all-time leading scorers (FIFA.com, 19 Jul 2026)] - Miroslav Klose's mark of 16, the record from 2014 until 2026, is now third, ahead of Ronaldo (15), Harry Kane and Gerd Muller (14), Just Fontaine (13, all in the single 1958 tournament) and Pele (12). [confidence 0.96; sources: FIFA World Cup all-time leading scorers (FIFA.com, 19 Jul 2026)] - FIFA counts 3,028 goals scored across 1,068 World Cup matches from 1930 through the 2026 tournament. [confidence 0.94; sources: FIFA World Cup all-time leading scorers (FIFA.com, 19 Jul 2026)] ## Most World Cup titles by a player (Pele, three) - id: world-cup-most-titles-by-player · type: entity · evidence_tier: primary · confidence: 0.95 · last_verified: 2026-08-08 - canonical: https://futbolatlas.app/k/world-cup-most-titles-by-player · api: https://futbolatlas.app/api/k/world-cup-most-titles-by-player.json Pele remains the only player to win the World Cup three times - 1958, 1962 and 1970 with Brazil - a record FIFA notes could not even be equalled at the 2026 tournament, since no active player held two winner's medals going into it. Claims: - Pele is the only player to have won the FIFA World Cup on three occasions, with Brazil in 1958, 1962 and 1970. [confidence 0.97; sources: Pele's three titles - only player to win three World Cups (FIFA.com)] - FIFA noted before the 2026 tournament that no active player held two World Cup winner's medals, so the record could not be equalled until at least 2030. [confidence 0.94; sources: Pele's three titles - only player to win three World Cups (FIFA.com)] ## World Cup titles by country (through 2026) - id: world-cup-titles-by-country · type: entity · evidence_tier: primary · confidence: 0.96 · last_verified: 2026-08-08 - canonical: https://futbolatlas.app/k/world-cup-titles-by-country · api: https://futbolatlas.app/api/k/world-cup-titles-by-country.json The all-time FIFA World Cup honours table after the 2026 edition: Brazil 5 titles, Germany and Italy 4, Argentina 3, France, Spain and Uruguay 2, England 1 - with title years and the structural caveats (no final in 1950) taken from FIFA's own updated honours article. Claims: - Through the 2026 edition the World Cup title table is: Brazil 5, Germany 4, Italy 4, Argentina 3, France 2, Spain 2, Uruguay 2, England 1. [confidence 0.97; sources: Teams with the most World Cup titles (FIFA.com, updated post-2026)] - The title years are: Brazil 1958, 1962, 1970, 1994 and 2002; Germany 1954, 1974, 1990 and 2014; Italy 1934, 1938, 1982 and 2006; Argentina 1978, 1986 and 2022; France 1998 and 2018; Spain 2010 and 2026; Uruguay 1930 and 1950; England 1966. [confidence 0.96; sources: Teams with the most World Cup titles (FIFA.com, updated post-2026)] - FIFA notes that the 1950 tournament had no knockout phase - Uruguay won a concluding four-team group rather than a final - and that the 1974 and 1978 editions had no semi-finals, with finalists decided by second-stage group positions. [confidence 0.95; sources: Teams with the most World Cup titles (FIFA.com, updated post-2026)] - Germany have the most semi-final appearances (12) and most finals (8); Spain have won the final on both of their two appearances, each time 1-0 after extra time. [confidence 0.94; sources: Teams with the most World Cup titles (FIFA.com, updated post-2026)]